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THE POTENTIAL OF IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN THE COUNTIES. ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 9 TH -11 TH May 2012 By: Eng. George Odedeh. 1. AGRICULTURE AND THE NATIONAL ECONOMY. Largest and most dominant single contributor. Between 2006 and 2010, contributed an average 22.5 % to GDP. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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THE POTENTIAL OF IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
IN THE COUNTIES
ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE9TH -11TH May 2012
By: Eng. George Odedeh
Largest and most dominant single contributor.
Between 2006 and 2010, contributed an average 22.5 % to GDP.
Contribution in form of:◦ Growing of crops & horticulture◦ Farming of animals◦ Agricultural & animal husbandry services◦ Forestry & logging
1. AGRICULTURE AND THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Contribution may be higher when value added agricultural products and fishing are taken into account.
Strong correlation between performance of agriculture and GDP (MoA).
1. AGRICULTURE AND THE NATIONAL ECONOMY contd
No
.
Industry 2006 2007 200
8
2009+ 2010*
1 Agriculture and forestry 23.4 21.7 22.3 23.5 21.5
2 Transport and Communication 10.6 10.6 10.2 9.8 9.8
3 Manufacturing 10.3 10.4 10.8 9.9 10.0
4 Wholesale and retail trade,
repairs
9.3 9.7 10.1 9.8 10.3
5 Education 6.9 6.7 6.3 5.7 5.7
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ACTIVITY 2006-2010(Percent Contributions to GDP)
Country’s population is predominantly rural (~80%).
Opportunity for economic engagement is predominantly through agriculture.
Best use of the resources available to them, labour, land and water (mainly rain when it comes).
This generates other economic activities (Kericho, Kiambu, Kisii, Uasin Gishu,etc)
2. AGRICULTURE AND THE RURAL ECONOMY
Good for unlocking economic potential of counties.
Creates purchasing power on a wider population base compared to other interventions
2. AGRICULTURE AND THE RURAL ECONOMY contd
80% of country’s land resources classified as arid or semi-arid.
Rising population and change of use in the 17 % arable land has led to declining production.
Climate change has worsened situation leading to declining or loss of livelihoods and forex.
Higher poverty incidence and food insecurity.
3. IRRIGATION AND AGRICULTURE
Irrigation one of the best ways to sustain production horizontally (more land) and vertically (3-4 times productivity).
Supports soil and forest conservation. Responds to national objectives of fighting
poverty, ignorance and disease in a very effective way compared to other interventions.
Creates mini-economies (Wanguru, Hola, Ahero, Marigat, Bura, etc)
3. IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
No. Irrigation Scheme Area (ha) Annual
Value of
Production
(Kshs)
1 Mwea 8,819 4 billion
2 Bura 3,200 2.9 billion
3 Hola 1,600 1.5 billion
4 Perkerra 800 380 million
5 Ahero 1,200 650 million
6 West Kano 890 550 million
7 Bunyala 680 450 million
Gross Value of Annual Production in Irrigation Schemes
Allows for steady supply of raw materials for industry and markets (Delmonte, flower farms, etc).
Major player in forex earnings (cut flowers and horticultural produce).
3. IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE contd
In line with Article 186 (3) of CoK, irrigation development is a national function for now.
Appropriate since irrigation often relies on water passing through other counties.
Some facilities lie intake works or reservoirs and conveyance systems may be in other counties e.g. Lower Nzoia, Greater Bura, etc.
Irrigation is a major consumer of water (70% of all use) thus requires national planning.
4. POTENTIAL IN COUNTIES
National Irrigation potential is 539,000 ha and 1.3 million ha without and with storage respectively.
Only 22% of the without storage & 9% of the with storage potential already developed.
Huge potential for development exists. NIB compiling a data base of all potential
irrigation projects in each county on basin basis
4. POTENTIAL IN COUNTIES contd
MWI preparing new NWMP, including irrigation.
Some counties have no potential unless ground water sources are investigated further.
Basin wide approach to irrigation planning recommended by the NIB, at whatever level irrigation development is done.
Investments in technology should depend on opportunity cost of water.
4. POTENTIAL IN COUNTIES
Benefits shall accrue when economies of scale are achieved for each investment (at project and household level)
Irrigation schemes can be a major source of revenue for counties (Mwea and Kirinyaga, Bura/Hola and Tana River, Baringo and Perkerra).
5.POTENTIAL BENEFITS TO COUNTIES
Competition for resources and order in priority list.
Inadequate number of professionals with required experience (scope, complexity, exposure).
Water resource availability, access & quality. Social and environmental aspects (land) Beneficiary participation
6. CHALLENGES TO DEVELOPMENT
Small farm sizes at household level leading to poor economies of scale (sustainability) in some projects.
Inapproriate level of infrastructure services e.g. roads, power, e.t.c. otherwise high costs and low prices of produce.
Inadequate irrigated agriculture production capacity (farmers and extension officers)
Inadequate market support services.
6. CHALLENGES TO DEVELOPMENT contd
Immense unutilized irrigation potential, including green houses.
Existing high demand for agricultural produce within the country and the region.
Adequate (idle) labour. Refocusing on irrigation and water storage
investments internationally. Achievement of Vision 2030 targets
(industrialisation/socio-economic growth)
7. OPPORTUNITIES
Parliament passed a motion to develop at least 2,000 acres per constituency.
7. OPPORTUNITIES contd
ThanK you for listening and your
patience
THE END
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