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TheTheALPHABET ALPHABET ofofL I N E SL I N E S
TheTheALPHABET ALPHABET ofofL I N E SL I N E S
Visible Object Linesare thick dark solid (unbroken) lines that are used on drawings
to indicate the edges and details of an object.
ALPHABET OF LINES
The different lines and line symbols used on drawings form a kind of
graphic alphabet commonly known as the alphabet of lines. Two line
widths-thick and thin-are generally used. Drawings are easier to read
when there is good contrast among different kinds of lines. All lines must
be uniformly sharp and black.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
Hidden Lines are thin dashed lines used to indicate a
surface, edge, or contour of an object that cannot be seen, or
is hidden from view.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
Center lines are thin lines made up of alternating long and short
dashes. They are used to indicate the center of symmetrical
features, such as circles or arcs. They are used as an aid in
dimensioning.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
Section Lines are thin “cross hatching” lines used in
sectional views to symbolize different parts of an object or different materials from which
an object is manufactured.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
Dimension, Extension and Leader Lines are thin lines used for dimensioning
purposes. Dimension and leader lines generally end with arrow heads and are accompanied by a number indicating a
size or location dimension.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
Cutting Plane or Viewing Plane Lines are very thick lines that indicate where an imaginary cutting plane passes through
an object, for viewing or sectioning purposes. Arrowheads on both ends of the line point toward the surface to be
viewed.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
Break Lines are used to shorten a view, or to eliminate repetitive
details when an entire view is not necessary. Short break lines are thick wavy freehand lines. Long
break lines are thin straight zig- zags.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
Phantom Lines are thin lines used to indicate alternate
positions of moving parts, lines of motion, adjacent parts and
repetitive details.
11HEX BOLT
5
7
14
21
1.25
SECTION A-A12
A 4
15
9
103
A6
7.00
8
13
1. Phantom 2. Section 3. Hidden 4. Cutting/viewing
5. Leader 6. Hidden 7. Center 8. Visible/object
9. Extension 10. Break 11. Visible/object
12. Section 13. Extension 14. Break 15. Dimension
THE THE ENDENDTHE THE ENDEND
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