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8/12/2019 Theoretical Framework on Gerontological Nursing
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8/12/2019 Theoretical Framework on Gerontological Nursing
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EMOTIONS
http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJkIfi_BhOw3sAX5yJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTA3cnMybzJvBHNsawNpbWc-?back=http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=emotions+in+older+adults&save=0&fr2=piv-web&b=113&tab=organic&w=300&h=450&imgurl=www.featurepics.com/FI/Thumb300/20070105/Old-African-Man-181829.jpg&rurl=http://www.featurepics.com/online/Old-African-Man-Photograph181829.aspx&size=26.6KB&name=Photograph+of+dramatic+version+,old+man+just+lost+his+wife,+sorrow&p=emotions+in+older+adults&oid=1d38c4fa8fd3f22706709f612e3e89ae&fr2=piv-web&fr=&tt=Photograph+of+dramatic+version+,old+man+just+lost+his+wife,+sorrow&b=113&ni=28&no=139&tab=organic&sigr=127t98j7m&sigb=13cn10p7a&sigi=1236av6fk&.crumb=xoUVMf3/k.dhttp://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A2KJkIev_BhOBHgA2MmjzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBpcGszamw0BHNlYwNmcC1pbWcEc2xrA2ltZw--/SIG=130drmucj/EXP=1310289199/**http:/inhomecareflorida.com/positive-attitude-often-leads-to-better-health/http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJkIcr.xhO5ngA_LCJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTA3cnMybzJvBHNsawNpbWc-?back=http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=emotions+in+older+adults&save=0&fr2=piv-web&b=1&tab=organic&w=300&h=208&imgurl=helpingpsychology.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/iStock_000007702118Small-300x208.jpg&rurl=http://helpingpsychology.com/controlling-emotions-is-easier-for-seniors-than-for-younger-adults&size=18.3KB&name=...+older+adults+are+better+able+than+younger+adults+to+control+their&p=emotions+in+older+adults&oid=9b983e83276e014baa69e3d5842911be&fr2=piv-web&fr=&tt=...+older+adults+are+better+able+than+younger+adults+to+control+their&b=0&ni=28&no=27&tab=organic&sigr=12vrmvbfh&sigb=13aijvnuj&sigi=12lc2rbav&.crumb=xoUVMf3/k.d8/12/2019 Theoretical Framework on Gerontological Nursing
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Emotionis the complexpsychophysiological experience of anindividual's state of mind as interacting
with biochemical (internal) andenvironmental (external) influences. Inhumans, emotion fundamentally
involves "physiological arousal,expressive behaviors, and consciousexperience."
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Emotion is associated with mood,temperament, personality anddisposition, and motivation.Motivations direct and energizebehavior, while emotions provide the
affective component to motivation,positive or negative.
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Emotional Quotient (EQ)Actually stands for Emotional
Intelligence Quotient.
Much like an intelligence quotient, or IQ, anEQ is said to be a measure of apersonsemotional intelligence.
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Is a term used to describe our ability tounderstand and manage our own emotionsand of those around us, and also our abilityto demonstrate self discipline when
responding to emotional situations.Refers to our capacity to feel empathy for
others, to be able to stand up for what we
believe in and to move towards our goalsand dreams in a tactful and respectfulmanner, always considerate of others.
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Currently there are studies beingconducted on possible ways that an EQmay affect a persons abilities to perform
under pressure, resolve conflict, andgenerally cope with challenges.
Some believe these abilities are simply a
matter of personality, which cannot bemeasured or modified.
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Other studies have linked EQ measurements
to communication and other social skills thatpeople either lack or possess.
Many people are, indeed, facing mounting
physical ailments, psychological stress, sociallosses, and increased dependency at the veryend of life, most older people are well
adjusted emotionally for the bulk of theirlater years
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Dispositional tendencies, life events, andindividuals management of such eventscan all inf luence whether well-beingimproves or deteriorates with age.
Research suggests that reasonably highlevels of affective well-being and emotionalstability are the norm rather than the
exception at least until after adults reach70 or 80 years of age
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In contrast to decline associated withphysical and cognitive aging, emotionalaging appears to benefit from age.
Shifts in cognitive processing ofemotional stimuli and enhancedemotional motivation and emotional
competence likely contribute toimprovements.
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THEORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS
ABOUT EMOTIONAL AGINGA. Socioemotional selectivity theory
holds that anticipated endings such as thesense that lifetime is running out give primacyto enhancing emotionally gratifyingexperiences in the moment as opposed tomaximizing future rewards
This activates mood-enhancement goals andreduces the willingness to accept purelynegative experiences (Carstensen, 2006).
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B. Dynamic integration theory
poses that diminishing cognitivecapacities associated with age make
it more difficult to integrate andaccept negative feelings, andtherefore, older adults increasingly
favor affect optimization over affectcomplexity (Labouvie-Vief, 2003).
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C. Life-span theory of control
The life-span theory of control holdsthat individuals capacity to controltheir environment and achieve theirdevelopmental goals declines in olderadulthood(Heckhausen & Schulz,
1995; Heckhausen, Wrosch, & Schulz,in press).
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Consequently, older adultsincreasingly use secondary controlstrategies, such as emotion
regulation, aimed at changing theself in order to adjust to a givensituation, rather than using primary
control strategies that change thesituation itself.
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Adding to selective andcompensatory changes in emotionalpreferences and strategies, it is
possible that learning and practiceeffects make older adults morecompetent at emotional regulation(Blanchard-Fields, 2007; Scheibe &Blanchard-Fields, 2009).
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Specifically, the long-term experienceand practice in dealing withemotional situations should lead
older adults to acquire situational,strategic, and procedural knowledgeabout emotional processes that
increase their effectiveness inhandling emotional situations.
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Role of Hugs
A hugis a form of physical intimacy, thatusually involves closing or holding the armsaround the neck, back, or waist of another
personA hug, sometimes in association with a kiss,
eye contact or other gestures, is a form of
nonverbal communicationDepending on culture, context and
relationship, a hug can indicate familiarity,love, affection or friendship.
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One person may hug another
as an indication of support,comfort, and consolation. Ahug can be a demonstration ofaffection and emotional
warmth, sometimes arising outof joy or happiness at meetingsomeone. Sometimes hugs area romantic exchange.
People need "hugs throughouttheir lives - it isn't a sensationthat only benefits babies,children and adolescents and
older people.
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Hugs are good for the soul - not only forimproved emotional well-being but forphysical health as well. Without hugs,many people become sad, withdrawn and
even depressed.A hug provides solace, safety and
tenderness. It enables us to have social
contact and an overall sense of well-beingthrough the feeling(s) of importance andbelonging.
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Hugging has been provento have health
benefits. One study hasshown that hugs increase
levels of oxytocin,
and reduce blood pressure.
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This is a picture from an articlecalled The Rescuing Hug. The
article details the first week of lifeof a set of twins. Apparently, eachwere in their respectiveincubators, and one was notexpected to live. A hospital nurse
fought against the hospital rulesand placed the babies in oneincubator. When they wereplaced together, the healthier ofthe two threw an arm over her
sister in an endearing embrace.The smaller babys heart ratestabilized and her temperaturerose to normal.
Let us not forget to
embrace those whom
we love!
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Fallbacks
Erik Erikson, in his Eight Stages OfLife Theory, characterizes old ageas a period of "Integrity vs.Despair", during which a person
focuses on reflecting back on theirlife.
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Those who feel proud oftheir accomplishmentswill feela sense ofintegrity. Successfullycompleting this phasemeans looking back withfew regrets and a generalfeeling of satisfaction.These individuals willattain wisdom, evenwhen confronting death.
Those who areunsuccessful during thisphase will feel that theirlife has been wasted andwill experience many
regrets. The individualwill be left with feelingsof bitterness and despair.
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The problems besetting the elderly arenot only confined to the physical. Theyalso suffer mentally and emotionally,
often feeling lonely and depressed.The fallbacks of aging are :
a) Illness
b) Depression (Isolation, neglect)
c) Death
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The human touch restores a formof human connection that may givethem back the will to live and
rediscover the joys of life. It givesthem a feeling of self worth andshows them that they do matterand they have value.
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"Life is not lost by dying;life is lost minute by
minute, day by draggingday, in all the thousand
small uncaring ways."
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THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING
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