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Industry Friends of Low Carbon Living Forum 2017
Professor Frank Bruno
Research Professor, University of South Australia
Thermal Energy Storage and Applications
Storing Electricity for Cooling of Heating
Grid
Solar PV
Cooling
or
heating
Cooling or heating plant
Cooling or heating plantThermal Storage
battery
Energy Storage for Solar Power Plants
Thermal StoragebatteryGridSolar field
Powerblock
Conventional Thermal Storage
Hot water storage for district heating in Austria Ice banks for off peak
thermal storage in US
Hot
Water
What are Phase Change Materials (PCMs)
Store energy by changing from a solid to a liquid.
Ice is the traditional PCM
Energy to freeze (energy released) = Raising water by 80 oC
PCMs range from –100 to > 1400 oC
saltice
Thermal Energy Storage Tanks
Coil-in-tank
PCM in containers
Low cost containment
No additives required for supercooling
Readily-available non-toxic commercial grade salts.
High compactness factor
Traditional
Volume Reduction with PCMs
Cold liquid
thermal storage
PCM thermal storage
Energy Storage Economics
Li ion battery storage: 760 - 1800 $/kWhr electric (installed)
Traditional thermal storage for air conditioning: 100 – 400 $/kWhr electric
Traditional hot water storage: 140 $/kWhr electric
PCM thermal storage for refrigeration: 200 $/kWhr electric
Advantages of Thermal Energy Storage over Batteries
Cheaper
Longer life (batteries typically 10 to 15 years, thermal storage up to 30 years)
Thermal storage systems generally 100% recyclable
Can operate at higher ambient temperatures
Higher power capacity (kW)
Provides backup when heating or cooling generating equipment fails.
PCM Refrigeration System
PCM tanks
Cold Rooms
➢ 90 kWe Refrigeration system
➢ 1.1 MWhrse thermal storage (1% floor area)
Integrated renewable energy with thermal storage
Solar PV
Cold Room
Thermal Storage
Refrigeration
Electricity Grid
Battery
CONCLUSIONS
Thermal storage generally better than batteries for storing heat or cooling.
Many applications of thermal energy storage.
Thermal energy storage can save energy consumed and cost.
Thermal energy storage is one of many energy storage technologies that can increase the
uptake of renewable energy.
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