This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter, Energy and the Environment entire unit. This unit...

• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter, Energy and the Environment entire unit .

• This unit includes…• Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint• 14 Page bundled homework package and 20

pages of units notes that chronologically follow the PowerPoint

• 17 worksheets that follow unit.• 3 PowerPoint review games, 29+ video and

academic links, rubrics, games, activity sheets, and more.– http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.ht

Purchase the entire four curriculum, 35,000 slides, hundreds of pages of homework, lesson notes, review games, and much more.

• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html

Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thanks again for your interest in this curriculum.

Sincerely,

Ryan Murphy M.Ed

www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal.

-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate.

-Example of indent.

-Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages

-Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label.

IceMelting Water

Boiling Vapor

Heat Added

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal.

• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly.

• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him.– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow

“Hoot, Hoot”“Good Luck!”

New Area of Focus, Electricity and New Area of Focus, Electricity and MagnetismMagnetism

• What would life be like without electricity?

• Much different than it is for most of us.

• Does somebody want to try and define the word electricity?

• There is no single definition called "electricity."

• ELECTRICITY DOES NOT EXIST

• Electricity is a variety of independent science concepts all with one single name.

• These are the questions and definitions we need to know to generate a definition for electricity?– What is electric charge? – What is electrical energy? – What are electrons– What is electric current?– What is an imbalance of charge?– What is an electric field?– What is voltage?– What is electric power? – What is a spark?– What is electromagnetism? – What is electrical science?– What is electrodynamics?– What is electrostatics?– What are electrical phenomena?

Electricity is related to charges, and Electricity is related to charges, and both electrons (-) and protons (+) both electrons (-) and protons (+) carry a charge. carry a charge.

• We will skip most of the atomic information. – We will examine circuits and static charges for

this unit.

• Electrons are negatively charged

• Protons (nucleus) are positively charged

• Their charges are about equal

• Add Electrons – Atom becomes more negatively charged.

• Take away (strip) electrons then the atom becomes more positively charged.

• Annoying Tape.– Teacher gives each student 2 long pieces (10

centimeters each) strips of clear tape. • Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount

tape on itself.

centimeters each) strips of clear tape. • Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount tape

on itself.

– Stick one piece of tape to table. – Stick the other piece of tape on that tape.– Quickly pull tape from table and then apart.– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets

close to each other and then eventually your arm.• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape

from your hand and not picking.

centimeters each) strips of clear tape. • Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount tape

on itself.

– Stick one piece of tape to table. – Stick the other piece of tape on that tape.– Quickly pull tape from table and then apart.– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets

close to each other and then eventually your arm.• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape

from your hand and not picking.

• What happened!

• What happened!– When you removed the tape from the table you

gave it an electrical charge. When you peeled the tape apart from each other, one piece of tape gained more of a charge than the other.

• What happened!– When you removed the tape from the table you

gave it an electrical charge. When you peeled the tape apart from each other, one piece of tape gained more of a charge than the other.

• Opposite charges attract (+) (-)

tape on itself.

– Stick both pieces of tape to table. – Quickly pull tape from table.– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets

close to each other and then eventually your arm.

• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape from your hand and not picking.

tape on itself.

– Stick both pieces of tape to table. – Quickly pull tape from table.– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets

close to each other and then eventually your arm.

• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape from your hand and not picking.

• What happened?

• What happened? – Each piece of tape gained a negative charge

when removed from the table. When they were brought close together they moved away from each other.

• What happened? – Each piece of tape gained a negative charge

when removed from the table. When they were brought close together they moved away from each other.

• Like charges repel. (-) (-)

• Life occurs because of electrostatic charges.

• Without them, life would simple unravel.

• Life occurs because of electrostatic charges.

• Without them, life would simple unravel.

Electricity. Learn more at… http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm

• Electricity Available Sheet

Lightning is a big spark that occurs Lightning is a big spark that occurs when electrons move from one place when electrons move from one place to another very quickly because of to another very quickly because of the unequal distribution of electrons.the unequal distribution of electrons.

Electric Fields: The funky area near Electric Fields: The funky area near any electrically-charged object.any electrically-charged object.Replace electrostatic for funky.Replace electrostatic for funky.

• Visit a magnetic field simulator. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/magnets-and-electromagnets

Opposite charges attract.Opposite charges attract.

The Same forces repel.The Same forces repel.

The Same forces repelThe Same forces repel..

• Which one is right and which is wrong?

• Answer: They are both wrong.

• Answer: Now they’re both right.

• Activity Simulation. Magnetic Field Hockey

• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/electric-hockey

Reminder to teacher to reset the arrows!

• Magnet: An object that is surrounded by a magnetic field and that has the property, either natural or induced, of attracting iron or steel.

• Activity! Fun with Magnets for 2:39 seconds then we are moving on.– The class can earn additional “play time” with

good behavior.

• Activity! Fun with Magnets for 2:39 seconds then we are moving on.– The class can earn additional “play time” with

good behavior.

• Ferrofluids Video Link! (Optional)– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kL8R8SfuXp8

&feature=related

• Activity. The Fonz– Try and pick up paper hole punches with a

plastic comb.– Next run the comb through your hair and over

your clothes to collect a charge.– Try again. What happened?

Static Electricity: The imbalance of Static Electricity: The imbalance of positive and negative charges.positive and negative charges.

• Activity Simulation. John Travoltage.

• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/travoltage Static Charge

• Activity- Bad Hair Day Demonstration.– Rub balloon all around your head.– Question: Why does this happen?

• Answer!– Electrons from your body move into the balloon.– This gives you a positive charge.– Your hair is also positive.– Like charges repel so hair tries to get away from

++++? ?

• Demonstration - Static Electricity– Observe two balloons without a build up of a

charge.

charge.– Now rub balloons on head / clothes.– How are they behaving now?

• Activity! Static Balloons

• Activity! Static Balloons– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.

• Activity! Static Balloons– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.– Write name on it with soft pen.

• Activity! Static Balloons– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.– Write name on it with soft pen.– Rub balloon against hair and quickly stick to wall

(everyone together).

• Activity! Static Balloons– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.– Write name on it with soft pen.– Rub balloon against hair and quickly stick to wall

(everyone together).– Observe what happens, Whose balloon will last the

longest?

• Answer to wall sticking balloon.

• Answer to wall sticking balloon.– Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.

• Answer to wall sticking balloon.– Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.– Balloon has slight negative charge.

• Answer to wall sticking balloon.– Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.– Balloon has slight negative charge.– The atoms orient and wall has slight positive charge.

• Answer to wall sticking balloon.– Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.– Balloon has slight negative charge.– The atoms orient and wall has slight positive charge.– Opposite charges attract and balloon sticks.

• Activity Simulator. Balloons Explained

• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/balloons

• We usually only notice static electricity in the winter when the air is very dry.

• We usually only notice static electricity in the winter when the air is very dry. During the summer, the air is more humid.

• We usually only notice static electricity in the winter when the air is very dry. During the summer, the air is more humid. – The water in the air

helps electrons move off you more quickly, so you can’t build up a large static charge.

• Demonstration Static Electricity

• Set-up below and move balloon around cup.

• What happened? Balloon gained electrons from rubbing (

• What happened? Balloon gained electrons from rubbing (now more negative). The match is neutral and is attracted to the negative balloon.– Balancing on coin reduces friction.

• What happened? Balloon gained electrons from rubbing (now more negative). The match is neutral and is attracted to the negative balloon.

• What happened? Balloon gained electrons from rubbing (now more negative). The match is neutral and is attracted to the negative balloon.– Balancing on coin reduces friction.

• Activities Van de Graaff generator

• Please read safety and operation precautions on this link.– http://hypertextbook.com/eworld/vdg.shtml

• Activity: Van de Graaff Generator – Creates unequal distribution of electrons.– Describe two demonstrations in journal with a visual and

explanation.

• Activity: Van de Graaff Generator – Creates unequal distribution of electrons.– Describe two demonstrations in journal with a visual and

explanation.

• Demonstration– Take top off of generator to see its inner

workings.

• Video! How a Van de Graaff Generator works.– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2G0IdTWGQU

• Tape a tack to the top of the generator.

– Can we hear the corona discharge.

Metal ThumbtackMetal Thumbtack

• Demonstration 1 – Using the magic wand and seeing the spark

Tinsel

• Demonstration 2: Packing peanuts.– Put some packing peanuts in a plastic cup

and tape it to the top of the generator. – Turn on the generator and away they go!

If you have a “demo” wasp nest, the wasp paper in pieces works very well.

• Demonstration 3 – Bad Hair day.– One student to stand on plastic trash barrel.– Put both hands on generator.– Turn it on and hair should stand up on end.

• Demonstration 4: – A small balloon attached to the generator by a

string taped to the globe will be charged to the same sign as the globe of the generator.

• Tape a bent paper clips that points out from the generator. Look for ion beam (charged winds). – This beam can charge distant objects.

• Demonstration 5: A fluorescent light.

• Bulb will light up if close to the generator.

• Demonstration 6 – Smoke or chalk dust.

• Other Demonstrations:– Blow bubbles near the generator.– Place aluminum pie plate on generator in

stack.– Light a candle near generator to observe

electrical winds.– Tape many long strips of tissue paper to

generator.– Tie an aluminum can so it hangs just above

the generator.

• Video! If you don’t have a Van de Graaff Generator.– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hh8PqQDOAb8

• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will create a force on each other. Opposite charges will produce an attractive force while similar charges will produce a repulsive force.

• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will create a force on each other. Opposite charges will produce an attractive force while similar charges will produce a repulsive force. – Coulombs Law: The greater the charges, the

greater the force. The greater the distance between them, the smaller the force.

• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will create a force on each other. Opposite charges will produce an attractive force while similar charges will produce a repulsive force. – Coulombs Law: The greater the charges, the

greater the force. The greater the distance between them, the smaller the force.

Coulombs Law: The greater the charges, the greater the

force.

force. The greater the distance between them,

the smaller the force.

• If your car gets struck by lightning in a thunderstorm, will you be safe. Why?

• If your car gets struck by lightning in a thunderstorm, will you be safe. Why? Yes

• Answer: You will be safe because your cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday Cage.

• Answer: You will be safe because your cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday Cage. The charged particles travel around the outside of the car and into the ground.

• A Faraday cage is a metallic enclosure that prevents the entry or escape of an electromagnetic field.

• A Faraday cage is a metallic enclosure that prevents the entry or escape of an electromagnetic field. – For best performance,

the cage should be directly connected to an earth ground.

• A Faraday cage is a metallic enclosure that prevents the entry or escape of an electromagnetic field. – For best performance,

the cage should be directly connected to an earth ground.

That person would That person would be dead without be dead without that Faraday cage.that Faraday cage.

• Video Link. Human Faraday Cage.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fyko81WAvvQ

• Optional Activity! Teacher to make a Faraday Cage wallet.– Does a student have a cell phone that we can

place in the wallet and call?• Why won’t it ring?...Hopefully.• http://howto.wired.com/wiki/Make_a_Faraday_Cag

e_Wallet

Current: A flow of electrons, or Current: A flow of electrons, or individual negative charges.individual negative charges.

• The electrons have a mass (however small), and when they move through the conductor, there are collisions that produce heat.

• Don’t over connect outlets because they could short circuit.

Conductors, Insulators, Semi-Conductors, Insulators, Semi-conductors: How easily energy is conductors: How easily energy is transferred through the object by the transferred through the object by the moving charge.moving charge.

Conductor: Electrons flow easily, Conductor: Electrons flow easily, semi flows in the middle.semi flows in the middle.

Semi-conductor: Conductivity between Semi-conductor: Conductivity between conductor and insulator (electronics conductor and insulator (electronics use). use).

• Activity (Optional) Conductors using a conductivity meter.– Find one conductor and one insulator by roving

around the classroom for one minute or looking on your person.

– Test with conductivity meter.

Insulator: Electrons do not flow easily.Insulator: Electrons do not flow easily.

• Activity Simulator Link: Semi-Conductors

• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/semiconductor

There are two main kinds of electric There are two main kinds of electric current, direct current (DC) and current, direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). alternating current (AC).

(DC) (DC) DDirect irect CCurrent is a flow of urrent is a flow of charge always in one direction. charge always in one direction. (Batteries)(Batteries)

(AC) - (AC) - AAlternating lternating CCurrent is a flow of urrent is a flow of charge back and forth, changing its charge back and forth, changing its direction many times in one second. direction many times in one second. (Plugs and outlets / household) (Plugs and outlets / household)

• Advantages of AC– Voltage can be raised or lowered– More efficient over long distances

• Advantages of AC– Voltage can be raised or lowered.– More efficient over long distances

• Advantages of AC– Voltage can be raised or lowered.– More efficient over long distances.

• Rockin Quiz!– This is your chance to rock it out in science class so

don’t just sit there. At least rock your head or tap your desk etc.

– After some intro slides, teacher will call on a student to rock it out on their way to the board.

– Student goes to board and touches the picture that represents AC or DC on the AC/DC logo (If using a screen just point and drum the air).

– Student will then pick a new student to go to the board as the teacher changes the slide.

– Thunderstruck video (For the music during quiz and I didn’t see anything inappropriate ).

– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2AC41dglnM

Thunderstruck Thunderstruck - Play Now!- Play Now!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2AC41dglnM

““DC” DC”

““Its one way!”Its one way!”

““AC” AC”

““It Alternates!”It Alternates!”

• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC) Direct Current?

• Where do you find this strange device?– What does it do?

• An electric meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy consumed by a residence, business, or an electrically powered device.

• Video Link! Reading your meter at home.

• Optional: – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2ogwitaAh4

Using a Multimeter - http://www.doctronics.co.uk/meter.htm

Volt: A measure of the force or Volt: A measure of the force or pressure under which electricity pressure under which electricity flows.flows.

Ampere: A measure of how much Ampere: A measure of how much current moves through a wire in one current moves through a wire in one second.second.

• Ampere: A measure of how much current moves through a wire in one second.– Basically, the larger the size of wire, the greater

the ampere capacity.

• Where do your see these plugs?– Why are they larger?

• Answer: The Plug to a dryer or stove is much thicker than a standard outlet to account for extra amps.

Watt: The amount of electricity Watt: The amount of electricity consumed per second.consumed per second.

• A Watt is calculated by multiplying volts times amps. Most household electrical usage is billed in kilowatt hours, or the amount of hours times 1,000 watts.

• Question? We have a small computer server with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the ampere reading from equipment…– How many watts does it require?

• Raise your hand if you have no clue because you weren’t paying attention for that black slide that discussed what a Watt was?

• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure under which electricity flows.

• Amps are a measurement of the current flow rate of electrons

• Watts is a measurement of electrical power created.

• Watts is a measurement of electrical power created. – 1 watt is equal to one joule of energy per second.

Crazy things about to happen.

Which is the correct description of Watts?

This is a measurement of electrical power created.

This is a measure of the force or pressure under which electricity flows

This is a measurement of the current flow rate of electrons

Which is the correct description of Amps?

Which is the correct description of Volts?

olts mps

How do you find Watts?

olts mps

How do you find Amps?

olts mps

How do you find Volts?

olts mps

• Please complete these questions on the available sheet.

• Question? We have a small computer server with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the ampere reading from equipment…– How many watts does it require?

• Question? We have a small computer server with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the ampere reading from equipment– How many watts does it require? – Watts = Volts x Amps – Watts = 120v x 2.5amps = 300 Watts

• Question? We have a small computer server with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the ampere reading from equipment– How many watts does it require? – Watts = Volts x Amps – Watts = 120v x 2.5amps =

• Question? We have a small computer server with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the ampere reading from equipment– How many watts does it require? – Watts = Volts x Amps – Watts = 120v x 2.5amps = 300 Watts

• You can now provide text in the white space and then neatly color the following.

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Anything

that has

mass and

takes up

Charle

Describe electrcity

Electricity and Magnetism Review Game IV

• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter, Energy and the Environment entire unit .

• This unit includes…• Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint• 14 Page bundled homework package and 20

pages of units notes that chronologically follow the PowerPoint

• 17 worksheets that follow unit.• 3 PowerPoint review games, 29+ video and

academic links, rubrics, games, activity sheets, and more.– http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.ht

Purchase the entire four curriculum, 35,000 slides, hundreds of pages of homework, lesson notes, review games, and much more.

• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html

Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thanks again for your interest in this curriculum.

Sincerely,

Ryan Murphy M.Ed

www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter, Energy and the Environment entire unit. This unit...

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