View
233
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
7/31/2019 TNTET &
1/31
1..A. 17-12-1920 to 11-07-1921
2.. 11-07-1921 to 03-12-1926
3.. P. 04-12-1926 to 27-10-1930
4.. P. 27-10-1930 to 04-11-1932
5.. 05-11-1932 to 04-04-1936
6.. P . T . 04-04-1936 to 24-08-1936
7.. 24-08-1936 to 01-04-1937
8. 01-04-1937 to 14-07-1937
9.. 14-07-1937 to 29-10-1939
10. 30-04-1946 to 23-03-1947
11. O P 23-03-1947 to 06-04-1949
12. P S 06-04-1949 to 09-04-1952
13. C 10-04-1952 to 13-04-1954
14. K 13-04-1954 to 02-10-1963
15.M 02-10-1963 to 06-03-1967
16.. C.N. 06-03-1967 to 03-02-1969
17.. M 10-02-1969 to 04-01-1971, 15-03-1971 to 31-01-1976
18.. M G 30-06-1977 to 17-02-1980, 09-06-1980 to 15-11-1984, 10-02-1985 to 24-12-1987
19. 07-01-1988 to 30-01-1988
20.. M 27-01-1989 to 30-01-1991
21.. J 24-06-1991 to 12-05-1996
22.. M 13-05-1996 to 13-05-2001
23.. J 14-05-2001 to 21-09-2001
24. O. 21-09-2001 to 01-03-2002
25.. J 02-03-2002 to 12-05-2006
26.. M 13-05-2006 to 15-05-2011
27.. J 16-05-2011
(5)..
(
)
.
.
.
10
, 5 25
(24),
-
- ()
- ,
7/31/2019 TNTET &
2/31
- ,,
() -
-
- , ,,
- , ,, ,
.
- , ,
-
-
- ,
-
-
-
-
-, ?
-
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? 18
?
?
7/31/2019 TNTET &
3/31
?
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6.
?
7. ?
8. ?
9. ?
10. ?
11. ?
12. ?
13. ?
14. ?
15. ?
16. ?
17. ?
18. ?
19.
?
20. ..........
21. ..................?
22. ............
23. 60-70%..............
24. ...........?
25. 3:1 ?
26. ?
7/31/2019 TNTET &
4/31
27. ?
28. ?
29. ?
30. ?
31. ?
32. ?
33. ?
34. .............?
:
1. 2. 3., 4.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
, 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
22. 1% 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.
29. 30. 31. 32. 33.
34.
- (1966)
(1968)
- (1970)
- (1974) .
- (1981)...
- (1987)
- (1989)
(1995).
2010.
..
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7/31/2019 TNTET &
5/31
-
-
() (RAJYA SABHA)
250. 238
.
,, 12
.
.
.
.
. 244 232
.
* .
* 324
* .
* .
* 324 (5)
* 6 65
* .
* ,, ,
.
*
* - .
*
- .
* -
.
() - LOK SABHA
.
552.
530 20
.
.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
6/31
. 5. 13
545 ( 530, 13,
. 2
1. ?
2.?
3.?
4.?
5.?
6. ? () (
)
7.?
8. ?,
-
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
-
-
()
-
-
-
- ()
- ()
-
-
- ()
- ()
-
7/31/2019 TNTET &
7/31
-.
.
().
(hetesotropic) .
-, .
-.
.
.
, .
..-,
-.
- .
.-,,.
.
.-,.
..-,, .
-,.
-.
-.
- (,).
.
.
-.
-.
-.
.
.
-
.
-.
-.
-.
-.
-.
-.
-.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
8/31
..-,.
-.
-.
-.
(..)-,,.
()..-,.
- ().
-.
().
.
-.
.
-.
-.
-.
.
-.
..-, .
-.
-.
-.
-2
.
-.
-.
-.
-.
-.
.
;
.
.
....
.-.
-.
. .
7/31/2019 TNTET &
9/31
-.
-0.3-5.0.
-.
.
-.
- 170 290.
-.
- .
-.
-.
- .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...,
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
7/31/2019 TNTET &
10/31
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
?
?
?
,
,?
? ,
? 75
?
?
(1898)
?
()?
?
(1916) -..,
(1944) -
.
.
. (1949) -
...... (1972) -..
... (1990) -
.... (1994) - ()
.... (2005) -
1)?
2) ?
7/31/2019 TNTET &
11/31
3)?
4) ?
5)?
6) ,,?
7)?
8)?
9)?
10)?
11) ?
:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
7) 8) 9) 10) 11)
:
:
:
:
:
: :,
: ,
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
,
,
,
: 24.6.1927 , .
:-
: , (7),
,.
: "". ,,,
,.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
12/31
.
"" 17.10.1981-.
(500, 5)
(401, 205)
(400, 175)
(400,)
(400, )
(150 ,)
(80 , 10 )
(22 )
.
1.:
,
* 1.
* 2.
* 3.
* 4.
* 5.
*,
2.:
,
* 1.
* 2.
,
3., :
,
* 1.
.
?
:
?
:
:
-
7/31/2019 TNTET &
13/31
-,, ()
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-,
- ,
-
-, (-1)
1.,, ,.
+ =
+
=
2.,,.
+ =
+ =
3.,,,,,,,,
.
+ =
4.,,.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
14/31
+ =
+ =
5.,,.
+ =
6.,.
+ =, + = ...,
+ =.
+ =.
7..
(: )
8.,.
(:)
9. (:
.)
+ =
+ =
+ =
10.. (:
-.)
+ =
+ =
11. ().
(: )
12. . (:
-)
+ =
+ =
13. -
. (
:
-
)
14. .
(: - )
15.. (:
- .)
1.,.
2.,.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
15/31
3.,,,,,.
4.,,.
5.,,.
6.,,.
7..
8.,,,,,,,,
.
9..
10.. (:,
,.)
11.. (: )
12.. (:)
13.. (: .)
14. , ,.
15. . (:
,)
16. .
(: )
17..
18. . (:
)
19.. (: )
20.. (:.)
21.. (:,
.)
22.. (:,)
23.. (:,,)
24.. (:, )
24.
. (
:
, .)
25.. (:,,)
26.. (:,)
27.. (:
,)
28..
29..
7/31/2019 TNTET &
16/31
30. ,, .
31.,,,.
:...
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
1. (.. 6-8)
2. (.. 10-12)
3. (.. 7-12)
(.. 6-8)
.
(..610-642)
..
..
:
.
:
.
.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
17/31
-
. .
.
.
.
:
-
-
-
- ()
-.
-
.
-
. .
:
...
:
-
-
,-
-
-
(
)
-
-
-
:
7/31/2019 TNTET &
18/31
:
. .
.
(..1194)
:
.
-
-
():
() -
.
.
.
:
. ()
250 .
.
.
:
.
. 8-18
.
.. 8-13.
.. 13-18.
:
36 .
-
-
,-
7/31/2019 TNTET &
19/31
-
- ()
-
-
-
1857..
1857 10.
- ()
- ()
- (, )
-
.
1921
..3250..2750
.
.
()
,
:
:
7/31/2019 TNTET &
20/31
:
:
:
: 2
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
6,000
15,000,000
. 92% 7.8 % 0.2%.
,
.
.
.
..
7/31/2019 TNTET &
21/31
.
.
:
...,,
.
:
..., ,,,.
:
, ,,,.
(.)
:
(),,, ,,
, , .()
:
.
VAT (Value Added Tax) :.
.
MODVAT:
.
.
0 .
.
90, 90.
23 1/2(), 23 1/2
().
66 1/2, 66 1/2
.
1. .
2.
3.
4.
5.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
22/31
6.
7.
8.
9.,
10.
11.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.,
19.
20.21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
, ,
() 1961
()1963
1965
( 7)
()
7/31/2019 TNTET &
23/31
?
6000. 14
?
?
?
?
() 4,06,000.
() 3,64,000.
960..
8 18.
50.
80.
80 . 640 .
400. -...
...,
.. 15
.
..
.. 88
.
...
..
7.5.
..
..
. 365 1/4.
.. 24.5
. 23
.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
24/31
.. 1300
. ..
..
12.
.. .
.
.
! ?
.. 29.5
.
. .
., 84.
. .
. 165.
.
. 248.
,,
.
7/31/2019 TNTET &
25/31pmphysics2008@gmail.com
* (Preamb
.
*
.
* .
* , " '
.
* .
* 1976- 42-
(Socialist), (Secular), (Integrity) .
* -1, .
* 28 .
6 .
() .
* - 2
* , ,
- 3
*
- 4
* ,
. 1953- .
* 28- .
* , .
* 1978- 44-
, .
* 1. ( 14-18):
* 2. ( 19-22)
* 3. ( 23-24):
7/31/2019 TNTET &
26/31pmphysics2008@gmail.com
* 4. ( 25-28):
* 5. ( 29-30):
6. ( - 32):
1. Writ of Habeas Corpus) :
,
,
.
, .
2. Writ of Mandamus):
.
3. Writ of Prohibition):
.
4. Writ of Quo warranto):
,
.
5. Writ of Certiorary):
,
.
,
7/31/2019 TNTET &
27/31pmphysics2008@gmail.com
(.. 261)
3 .
1/4 1/6
1/10
,
1. ?
352 360
2. ?
3. ?
1. ( 352)
2. ( 356)
7/31/2019 TNTET &
28/31pmphysics2008@gmail.com
3. ( 360)
4. ?
1.
2.
3.
5. ?
6.
?
1 ( 1
7. , ?
8. ?
9. ?
, ..
10.
?
11. ?
1. 1962
2. 1971
3. 1975
Dance State
Mohini Attam Kerala
Bharata Natyam Tamilnadu
Kuchipudi Andhra Pradesh
Odissi Orissa
Kathak Uttar Pradesh
Manipuri Manipur
Anikia Nat Assam
Bhangra Punjab
Bhavai Gujarat, Rajasthan
Chakiarkoothu Kerala
7/31/2019 TNTET &
29/31pmphysics2008@gmail.com
Chappeli Uttar Pradesh
Chhau West Bengal
Chavittu Natkam Kerala
Dahikala Maharashtra
Dandanate Orrisa
Gangore Rajasthan
Garba Gujarat
Gidda Punjab
Jatra West Bengal
Jhulan Leela Rajesthan
Kaikotti Kalli Kerala
Kummi Tamilnadu
Kajri Uttar Pradesh
Kokattam Tamilnadu
Koodiyattam Kerala
12 .
- .
2- - ( ,
, ).
3- - ,
.
4 - - .
5, 6- .
7 - - .
9 - - , .
10 - - , (52 - ).
11 - - (73 - ).
12 - - (74 - ).
* (FAO)- .
* (IAEA), ,
* (ICAO) - ,
7/31/2019 TNTET &
30/31pmphysics2008@gmail.com
* , (ICSC) , .
* (ICJ) , .
* (IDA) , ( )
* - (IFDA) - , .
* (ILO), .
*
(IMO)
,
.
* (IMF) .
* , (INSTRAW)
.
* (ITO) , .
* (ITC) - , (UNCTAD / WTO) (University of Peace)
* - HIV / AIDS (UNAIDS) , .
* (University of Peace) , .
* (UNICEF) , .
* (UNCTAO) , .
* (Drug Control) (UNDCP) ,
.
* . (UNIFEM) - ,
* (UNDP) , .
* , (UNESCO) ,
* (UNEP) -
* , (OHCHR) , .
* (UNIDO) ,
* - (UNFPA) , .
* (UNU) , .
* (UNU) ,
* (UPU) ,
* - ,
* - ,
7/31/2019 TNTET &
31/31
* (WFD) ,
* (WHO) , .
* (WIPO) ,
* (WMO) ,
* - -
*
- (WTO)
,
Recommended