TOA Privacy&Territoriality

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PRIVACY,

TERRITORIALITY,

DEFENSIBILE SPACES

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PERSONAL SPACE

• invisible boundary surrounding

the person’s body into which

intruders may not come

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4 DISTANCE ZONES

• Intimate Distance• Personal Distance

• Social Distance

• Public Distance

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PRIVACY

• the ability of an individual or groupsof individuals to control their visual,

auditory, olfactory interactions with

others

• the ability to have options and toachieve desired level of interactions

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KINDS OF PRIVACY

Solitude: state of being free from

observation by others

Intimacy: state of being with another person

 but free from the outside world

Anonymity: state of being unknown even in

a crowd

Reserve: state in which a person employs

 psychological barriers to control unwantedintrusions

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CROWDING

• associated with a feeling of lack of

control over the environment

• leads to negative behavior because

they are related to social overload

• results from overmanning of

 behavior settings

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DESIGN IMPLICATIONS

• need for privacy greater for

introverts than for extroverts

• extroverts like contrast with the

environment

• introverts like courtyards

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DESIGN IMPLICATIONS

•extroverts like strong central

 plans

• introverts like complex

internal relationships and clear

territorial patterns

• people under stress need

more privacy for workplaces

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LEVELS OF PRIVACY AND

CULTURE

• traditional Islamic dwelling

vs.traditional American

dwelling

• the delineation of spaces inthe traditional bahay kubo, the

 bahay the bato

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LEVELS OF PRIVACY AND

CLIMATE

• trade-offs between privacy and

comfort

• physiological comfort vs.

cultural requirements

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PERSONALIZATION

• staking claims to places

• manifestation of desire for

control and expression of

aesthetic tastes

• effort to make an environment

fit activity better 

• done for psychological security

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TERRITORIALITY

• a delimited space that a person or a group uses and

defends as an exclusive

 preserve

• involves psychologicalidentification with a place

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BASIC CHARACTERISTICS

OF TERRITORIES

• ownership of and rights to a place

• personalization of marking of an

area

• defense against intrusions

• serve functions ranging from

 physiological to self-actualization

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SYSTEM OF HUMAN

TERRITORIES

Defensible Space: a space

that affords easy

recognition and control of

activitiesLevels:

• visual access

• adjacency• monitored by computers

or cameras

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TERRITORIAL VARIATION

as a factor of:

• social class

• civil status

• religion

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SOFT ARCHITECTURE

• the building or environment

can be personalized without

damage to them or without

difficult surgery

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