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Today – 1/23. Critter in the news Reading background History of dinosaur discoveries. ScienceDaily.com. P-T extinction. Before: simple and complex marine ecosystems exist in equal numbers After: complex marine ecosystems outnumber simple ones 3 to 1 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Today – 1/23Today – 1/23
• Critter in the news
• Reading background
• History of dinosaur discoveries
ScienceDaily.com
P-T extinction
Before: simple and complex marine ecosystems exist in equal numbers
After: complex marine ecosystems outnumber simple ones 3 to 1
Discovered because of the web and a new analytical approach
3-point XC opportunity
Tonight, 7:30 pm, Kuiper Space Sciences 308
Surface of Titan, a moon of Saturn
Check in with me before
Sit with me or 1-page summary
Admistration
First short writing assignment comments
Pick up papers in G-S 205
Posting grades
Last time:
River types – meandering vs. braided
Carbon isotopes
K-T impact
P-T scenario
5500 K
4800 K3500 K
The GeodynamoThe Geodynamo
Mid-Ocean Ridges (MOR’s)Mid-Ocean Ridges (MOR’s)
Magnetic Striping of the Sea Magnetic Striping of the Sea FloorFloor
MORs and Magnetic StripingMORs and Magnetic Striping
www2.nature.nps.gov/geology/usgsnps/animate
Magnetic striping of the seafloor
Convecting liquid outer core generates Earth’s magnetic field
Heat from the core and radioactive decay drives mantle convection and plate tectonics making new rocks at mid-ocean ridges
New rocks record polarity of Earth’s magnetic field!
IcelandIceland
Magnetostratigraphy
Drill a bunch of cores going up through layers
Analyze them to determine the pattern of magnetic polarity through time
Match them (like tree rings) to the appropriate part of the known pattern for Earth throughout time, read off the date
Insert pic of AC
Petrified tree? AC shot from above! With inset of teeth
What fossils tell us about dinosaurs
How they looked - size, shape, skin How they behaved - diet, locomotion, social life, as parentsPhysiology - thermal regulation, growth patternsHistory of life - speciation and extinction, relationships among groupsEnvironmental reconstruction, rock ages geochemistry, paleogeography, interaction between physical and biological worlds
www.dinoland.dk
web.ukonline.co.uk/conker/
← Griffin inspired by Protoceratops? ↓
www.oum.ox.ac.uk/geolcoll.htm
1677 – Robert Plot publishes first known description of a dinosaur bone. However, he mistakes it for the femur of a giant human!
www.lhl.lib.mo.us/events_exhib/exhibit/ex_paper_dino.shtml
1815 – William Buckland finds Megalosaurus jaw
home.uchicago.edu/~shburch/dinopaper.html
1830’s – Meet Meg, plus the happy water lizard
1831
1833
1836 – Gideon Mantell discovers the teeth of Iguanodon
www.lhl.lib.mo.us/events_exhib/exhibit/ex_paper_dino.shtml
Iguanodon – notice the sprawling legs1842 – Richard Owen defines the “Dinosauria”, which
translates as “terrible lizards”
Depiction by Owen circa 1850
Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins’ 1853 dinosaur reconstructions being prepared for display in the Crystal Palace, Hyde Park, London
http://www.ric.edu/rpotter/cryspal.html
www.simondevlin.com
Importance of Hawkins
First attempt at full-scale reconstruction
Super-popularized dinosaurs
Cemented wrong views!
www.owen.k12.ky.us/trt/beverly/Megalosaurus_files/frame.htm
http://www.healthstones.com/dinosaurdata/dinodata.html
Nicholas Steno – “Father of stratigraphy”
Second half of the 1600’s
Said fossils were remains of organisms
Principle of Original Horizontality – rock layers laid down horizontally, any deviation from this due to later disturbance
Law of Superposition – lower layers are older, upper layers are more recent
Early 1800’s geology comes alive!
1795 – Theory of the Earth by James Hutton: how rock layers form, hot inside, old, uniformitarianism, natural selection
1815 – Geologic map by William Smith: biostratigraphy
1830-1833 – Principles of Geology by Charles Lyell: stratigraphy
1859: On the Origin of Species by Darwin
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