TOM STEER - Rail transit stations in Africa - Early design considerations for commuter safety

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

4th Annual railway safety and security summit

EARLY DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR RAILWAY STATIONS IN REGARD TO SAFETY AND SECURITY

TOM STEER27 JULY 2011

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

INTRODUCTION

• Station sizing and evacuation• Client initial design parameters (LOS)

• References and standards

• Design, evaluation and confirmation

• Queueing and run-off

• Station areas – passive security and protection• Secure perimeters

• Windows and doors

• Master key systems

• Architectural finishes• Floor finishes – slip resistance

• Floor finishes – accomodation of visually and mobility impaired persons

• Floor slope - platform

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION

• Client initial design parameters• Design year Level Of Service (LOS –

J.J.Fruin)

• Design year patronage/ridership figures

• Design year Headways & dwell times (rolling stock)

54

1267 840

216

1050 402

PLATFORM A

PLATFORM B

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION

• References and standards• International

• UK: HMRI-Railway stations safety principles & guidance part 2 section B Stations

• UK: LUL - Station-planning-standards-and-guidelines Ed 6 2007

• USA: NFPA 130 (2000 edition)

• USA: Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual—2nd Edition

• Local

• SANS 10400 (2011) – Application of the national building regulations

• PRASA/METRORAIL NGS Norms, Guidelines and Standards for station design

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION

• Design, evaluation and confirmation

CLIENT

TEAM

INITIAL ANALYSIS

AND SKETCH DESIGN BY

ARCHITECTS

INCLUSION IN DESIGN

STATION SIZING

ENGINEERING CONSULTANT

SIZING RECOMMENDATIONS

SIZING REPORT

TRANSFER LINK

Continuous review and

feedback until final design

NORMAL AND EVACUATION CONDITIONS

PLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

TRANSFER LINK

TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

Design check

QUEUEING AND RUN – OFF AREAS

PLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

TRANSFER LINK

TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

NORMAL AND EVACUATION CONDITIONS

TRANSFER LINK

TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL

CIRCULATION

PLATFORM WIDTH

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION

• Queueing and run-off design

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS

• Secure perimeters

Site

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS

• Secure perimetersOperational areas

SECURITY ZONE

Control room

Ticket office

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS

• Windows and doors

Determine appropriate level of security

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS

• Master key systems

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

ARCHITECTURAL FINISHES

• Floor finishes – slip resistance• Assessment

• Selection

• Testing

• Floor slope – platform

APPLICABLE STANDARDS*SLIP RESISTANCE EN 13036-4 (pendulum test)

CoFSLIP RISK

0.00-0.24

HIGH

0.25-0.35

MODERATE

0.36-0.64

LOW

0.65+

EXTREMELY LOW

Two results are given for dry and wet conditionsCoF=Coefficient of Friction

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

ARCHITECTURAL FINISHES

• Floor finishes – accommodation of visually and mobility impaired persons• International

• UK: DfT – Guidance on the use of tactile paving surfaces

• AUSTRALIA: AS-NZS 1428.4-2002 – tactile indicators

• Local

• SANS 784-2008 - Design for Access and Mobility

• SANS 10400 (2011) Part S

GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security

END