Torque-Converter.PPT

Basic Principle

Torque Converter Basic Principle

The presentation describes the basic principle of hydrodynamic torque

converters, operating between a constant speed motor and the driven

machine.

Variable Speed

Constant Speed

Driven

Maschine Speed

Control

Electric

Hydrodynamic Variable Speed Drive

Hydrodynamic Torque ConverterFöttinger Principle

DRIVEN MACHINETurbine

Inlet guidevanes

PumpMOTOR

TurbinePump

Guide wheel

Hydrodynamic Torque Converter

Adjustable guide vanes

AnimationAnimation

Torque Converter Guide Vanes

closed open

Torque Converter Selection Chart

P1 ~ Dp5 ● n1

12 MM M1 ~ Dp

5 ● n12

P1 = input power (pump impeller)

n1 = input speed (pump impeller)

= operating fluid density

Dp = torque converter diameter

= power coefficient

M1 = input torque (pump impeller)

µ = torque ratio

Hydrodynamic Power Transmission

M2 = output torque (turbine)

pump impeller

turbine

Hydrodynamic Torque Converter Torque Transmission

AnimationAnimation

Speed and Torque Variation

Belt drive Hydrostatic gear Gear box

Fixed gear ratioi = z1 / z2

n output ~ i

M output ~ 1/ i

A torque converter is a hydrodynamic gear box with stepless speed and torque variation.

Speed / Torque Curve for different guide vane positions at constant input speed

0 50 100 150

Turbine speed [%]

Pump torque

Turbine torque

Turbine speed [%]

0 50 100 150

Pump torque

Turbine torque

0 50 100 150

Turbine speed [%]

Pump torque

Turbine torque

0 50 100 150

Turbine speed [%]

Pump torque

Turbine torque

0 50 100 150

Turbine speed [%]

Pump torque

Turbine torque

0 50 100 150

Turbine speed [%]

Pump torque

Turbine torque

0 50 100 150

Turbine speed [%]

Pump torque

Turbine torque

0 50 100 150

Turbine speed [%]

Pump torque

Turbine torque

AnimationAnimation

Typical Load Curves of Driven Machines

M2 = f (1/n2)

M2nM2 = constant

M2 = f (n22)M2

n2 n2n

Constant torque

Parabolic torque

Hyperbolic torque

Torque converters are mainly used on hyperbolic or constant torque applications or any mixed characteristic.

They provide a wide speed range and a flat efficiency curve.

Torque-Converter.PPT

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