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Tree Tree IdentificationIdentification
Written by:Written by:Heather DombroskiHeather Dombroski
July 2005July 2005
HistoryHistory Web reading assignmentWeb reading assignment http://http://forestry.msu.edu/uptreeid/default.htmforestry.msu.edu/uptreeid/default.htm
Here I want you to go to History of Michigan Here I want you to go to History of Michigan ForestryForestry Read #1, Logging Era and #2, ConservationRead #1, Logging Era and #2, Conservation
Why is important to be able to Why is important to be able to distinguish between different types distinguish between different types of trees?of trees?
1.1. So that people can have a common point of So that people can have a common point of reference.reference.
2.2. When working with trees, you may want to be When working with trees, you may want to be able to do the appropriate work on the correct able to do the appropriate work on the correct tree.tree.
3.3. Trees are like people, similar in some Trees are like people, similar in some characteristics but very different in others.characteristics but very different in others.
After your finished . . .After your finished . . . Grab a clip board, paper, writing utensilGrab a clip board, paper, writing utensil We will head outside to collect 5 leaves We will head outside to collect 5 leaves
from DIFFERENT TYPES of treesfrom DIFFERENT TYPES of trees
Describe one fern you spottedDescribe one fern you spotted
DO NOT PICK THE FLOWERS!DO NOT PICK THE FLOWERS! Describe two wildflower you spotted Describe two wildflower you spotted
Ways to IdentifyWays to Identify
LeavesLeaves TwigsTwigs BudsBuds Bud scarsBud scars BarkBark FlowersFlowers FruitsFruits Growing placeGrowing place Branching patternBranching pattern
LeavesLeaves
Simple; oneSimple; one Compound; more than 1Compound; more than 1 Margins; smooth, serrated edgesMargins; smooth, serrated edges Lobes; Spacing of leavesLobes; Spacing of leaves Sinus; IndentationSinus; Indentation
Shapes; Shapes; OvalOval TriangularTriangular EllipticalElliptical
Leaf branchingLeaf branching
Opposite Opposite
AlternateAlternate
WhorledWhorled
Buds & ScarsBuds & Scars A bud is where the leaves A bud is where the leaves
will eventually growwill eventually grow
They can be pointy, blunt, They can be pointy, blunt, shiny, dull, smooth, hairy, shiny, dull, smooth, hairy, and come in many colors.and come in many colors.
A bud scar is where last A bud scar is where last year’s leaf fell off.year’s leaf fell off.
Bud scars are unique for Bud scars are unique for every species.every species.
Fruit & Flowers Fruit & Flowers (inflorescence)(inflorescence) Fruit is the matured ovary of a Fruit is the matured ovary of a
flowering plant – the seed flowering plant – the seed bearing product of the plant. In bearing product of the plant. In conifers the fruit is called a cone.conifers the fruit is called a cone.
Several seed chambers
Fleshy outside, hard inside
Thin papery wing
Samara
DrupePome
Growing EnvironmentGrowing Environment
Where are you?Where are you? Depending on your surroundings Depending on your surroundings
some trees are unable to grow some trees are unable to grow therethere
Example – NO American Beech in Example – NO American Beech in the western U.P.the western U.P.
Example – Jackpine need extreme Example – Jackpine need extreme heat for cones to openheat for cones to open
Native Native GymnospermGymnosperm
White Pine – 5 per bunchWhite Pine – 5 per bunch Jack Pine – 2 per bunchJack Pine – 2 per bunch Red Pine – 2 per bunchRed Pine – 2 per bunch Scotch Pine – 2 per Scotch Pine – 2 per
bunch/twistedbunch/twisted Austrian – 2, very similar Austrian – 2, very similar
to red pineto red pine Tamarack – Many Tamarack – Many
needlesneedles
Spruce (white, black, blue)-Spruce (white, black, blue)-square needlessquare needles
Hemlock – flat w/ white stripsHemlock – flat w/ white strips Firs (frasier, white, douglas, Firs (frasier, white, douglas,
balsam) - flatbalsam) - flat Yews - flatYews - flat
Cedar (red/white) - Scaly and flat
Single needles
Clustered needles
Native AngiospermNative Angiosperm
Horse Chestnut – fan shapedHorse Chestnut – fan shaped > 5 leaflets (smooth)> 5 leaflets (smooth)
Honey locust, Black locustHoney locust, Black locust > 5 leaflets (teethed)> 5 leaflets (teethed)
Staghorn sumac, Mountain Staghorn sumac, Mountain ash, Butternut, Black walnutash, Butternut, Black walnut
< 4 leaflets (teethed)< 4 leaflets (teethed) Elderberry, BoxelderElderberry, Boxelder
< 4 leaflets (smooth)< 4 leaflets (smooth) Ash (green, white, black)Ash (green, white, black) Bitternut Bitternut
Leaves lobedLeaves lobed Rounded; White, Bur oakRounded; White, Bur oak Pointed, w/ teeth; Hawthorn, Red, Pointed, w/ teeth; Hawthorn, Red,
Mountain & Striped Maple Mountain & Striped Maple Pointed w/o teeth; Silver, Norway Pointed w/o teeth; Silver, Norway
& Sugar Maple, Red & Scrub Oak& Sugar Maple, Red & Scrub Oak Leaves unlobedLeaves unlobed
Oval; Apple, Buckthorn, Aspen, Oval; Apple, Buckthorn, Aspen, Cottonwood, LilacCottonwood, Lilac
Elliptical (toothed); Elm, Elliptical (toothed); Elm, Hackberry, Tag alder, Hawthorne, Hackberry, Tag alder, Hawthorne, Beech, Balsam Poplar, Ironwood, Beech, Balsam Poplar, Ironwood, Musclewood, Birch, Cherries, Musclewood, Birch, Cherries, JuneberryJuneberry
Linear; Willows, Basswood, Linear; Willows, Basswood, WitchhazelWitchhazel
Compound leaves
Simple leaves
Identification ToolIdentification Tool http://forestry.msu.edu/uptreeid/default.htmhttp://forestry.msu.edu/uptreeid/default.htm Identify your 5 treesIdentify your 5 trees Receive Tree ID Key Hand-outReceive Tree ID Key Hand-out
http://http://www.mywildflowers.comwww.mywildflowers.com// http://www.realtimerendering.com/flowers/http://www.realtimerendering.com/flowers/
flowers.htmlflowers.html Identify your 2 WildflowersIdentify your 2 Wildflowers
Walk through the woodsWalk through the woods
You will need, covered toes, safety You will need, covered toes, safety glasses and helmets, clipboards, pencil glasses and helmets, clipboards, pencil and paperand paper
We will be practicing knowledge just We will be practicing knowledge just coveredcovered
You will all need to correctly answer ten You will all need to correctly answer ten questions on what we just covered when questions on what we just covered when we returnwe return
QUIZQUIZ #1, What's the difference between an Angiosperm and #1, What's the difference between an Angiosperm and
Gymnosperm?Gymnosperm? #2, Name 3 ways to identify a tree.#2, Name 3 ways to identify a tree. #3, What is a sinus?#3, What is a sinus? #4, What are our two main ferns?#4, What are our two main ferns? #5, Name 2 trees we saw today in our woods#5, Name 2 trees we saw today in our woods #6, What is the key called to categorize things?#6, What is the key called to categorize things? #7, Name one type of fruit?#7, Name one type of fruit? #8, I gave you an acronym to remember opposite #8, I gave you an acronym to remember opposite
leaved treesleaved trees #9, Tell me one thing you learned in the logging era #9, Tell me one thing you learned in the logging era
section in your website reading and one thing from section in your website reading and one thing from you learned about conservation. 2ptsyou learned about conservation. 2pts
Picture CitationsPicture Citations
Pictures in this document were taken from the:Pictures in this document were taken from the:
Upper Peninsula Tree Identification Key from Upper Peninsula Tree Identification Key from Michigan State University Extension Michigan State University Extension
The site was created and is maintained The site was created and is maintained by by Bill Cook, MSU Extension Forester for Bill Cook, MSU Extension Forester for the the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.Upper Peninsula of Michigan.
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