Unit 2 Whatever Happened to Manners?. The Global Picture Getting to know new words –Reading aloud...

Unit 2 Whatever Happened to Manners?

The Global Picture• Getting to know new words

– Reading aloud

– Concepts visualized

– Word derivation

– Word differentiation

• Warm-up — a survey• Global understanding• Language points

– Key expressions

– Difficult sentences

• Exercises & Homework

Getting to Know New Words

• Reading aloud

• Concepts visualized

• Word Formation

• Word derivation

• Word differentiation

Concepts Visualized

• elevator

Compare

• escalator

Concepts Visualized

• aisle

Concepts Visualized

• bellman

Concepts Visualized

• pillow

Word Formation• Prefix: Coworker

– The two communities enjoyed a period of peaceful coexistence.

– Coeducation refers to the system of educating boys and girls together in the same school.

– My coauthor of the book is a famous psycholinguist.

– A copilot is someone who helps the pilot, as an assistant, with less responsibility.

Word Derivation

Verbs decorate wave bother

Nouns decoration wave bother

Adjectives decorative wavy bothersome

Verbs apologize count appreciate

Nouns apology count appreciation

Adjectives apologetic countable appreciative

Word Derivation

Adjectives moody punctual elevated

Nouns mood punctuality elevator

Adjectives stylish routine infectious

Nouns style routine infection

Adjectives gracious genuine complimentary

Nouns graciousness genuineness compliment

Word Differentiation

• Compliment vs. Complement

• He was showered with compliments on his excellent performance.

• Our local bus and rail services complement each other very well.

Word Differentiation

• Punctuation vs. Punctuality

• A letter without any punctuation is difficult to understand.

• Punctuality is considered very important in that country.

Word Differentiation

• Recipe vs. Menu

• Is fish on the menu today?

• His lecture offers us a recipe for a happy marriage.

Concepts Visualized

• recipe

Concepts Visualized

• menu

Word Differentiation

• Gracious vs. Graceful

• The tourists were struck by her graceful movements.

• Busy as she was, she was gracious enough to show us round her home.

Word Differentiation

• Appreciation vs. Admiration

• His new cell phone made him the admiration of his friends.

• The audience showed their appreciation with loud cheers.

Questions for Discussion

• What’s the difference between manner and manners?

• What do you think are good manners?

Warm-up Activity

• A survey on “Manners”:

• Directions:– Students fall into groups of 6-9.– Ask each group member questions on the topic.– Put all the answers together.– Choose one student to present the findings to

the rest of the class.

Question 1

• How important do you think good manners are in our life?

– A. Very important– B. Important– C. Not sure– D. Not very important– E. Not important

Question 2

• When do you say “Thank you” to others? Choose all that you think are true to you. – A. When you receive a present– B. When you are invited to a party– C. When someone lends you something– D. When someone holds a door for you– E. When you are praised by others– F. When someone reminds you of something

Question 3

• Which of the following do you think is/are true to a good manner? – A. A good manner is a good way of behaving.

– B. A good manner is a manifestation of good education.

– C. A good manner is a reflection of a civilized society.

– D. A good manner is a good medicine to cure mental diseases.

– E. A good manner is more a personal than a social matter.

– F. A good manner can be passed on from person to person.

Question 4

• Which of the following do you think is/are true to the manners of the modern Chinese?– A. Most of them have good manners.– B. Some of them have good manners.– C. A few of them have good manners.– D. The old are generally more polite than the young.– E. The young are generally more polite then the old.– F. The foreigners are generally more polite than the

Chinese.– G. The Chinese are generally more polite than the

foreigners.

Question 5

• What do you think we should do to improve the manners of the Chinese? – A. To make people be better educated.– B. To raise people’s awareness through publicity.– C. To award those with good manners and

punish those with bad manners.– D. Other suggestions

______________________________

Global Understanding

• Cultural background

• Type of writing — argumentation

• Theme of the text

• Structure of the text

Cultural Background

• Etiquette– Dress code

– Eating out

– Entertaining at home

– Weddings

– Funerals

– Tipping

– Smoking

• Etiquette– On the road

– Telephones

– Queuing

– Parties & receptions

– Tourism

– Flowers

– Children & pets

Type of Writing

• Features of an Argumentative Essay– A debatable point– Clear Structure – Sufficient evidence – Good logic – An honest and friendly attitude

A Debatable Point

• Theme of the text:

A Clear Structure

• Part I (pa.1-3): His viewpoint — nowadays, many people show a lack of good manners

• Part II (pa.4-10): The favorable influence of some specific good manners on the receivers

• Part III (pa.11): Conclusion — good manners are infectious

Types of Evidence

• Common knowledge

• Hard evidence or facts

• Specific examples

• Statistics

• Expert opinions

• Quotations from authorities

Good Logic

• Inductive reasoning – from specific examples to a general statemen

t

• Deductive reasoning – from a general statement to a specific conclu

sion

Clear Logic

• Arrangement of the evidence – from the least to the most important– from the most familiar to the least familiar– from the easiest to accept or comprehend to

the most difficult

A Detailed Study of Text I

• Questions for discussion

• Language points

• Difficult sentences

• Stylistic features of Text I

Questions for discussion

• What’s the author’s purpose of writing?

• Are there any sentences that contribute to the main idea?

• Are there any key words in the text?

• Did you notice anything special about the format of the essay?

Typographic Features

• Use of sub-headings:– Catch the reader’s attention– Bring out the essential argument– Highlight the key words– Help the reader get the gist of the text

• Paragraphing:– Space in between two paragraphs makes reading

much easier– Short paragraphs offer more resting places for the

eye

Language Points

• Manner (title)– I don’t object to what she says, but I strongly

disapprove of her ~ of saying it.– It’s bad ~s to stare at people.

• Get away from (pa.1)– I couldn’t ~ away from her at the party; she

just kept talking!– There’s no ~ting away from increasing

unemployment.

Language Points

• Pull out (pa.1)– We reached the station too late, just as the train

was ~ing out.

• Matter (pa.2)– It had never ~ed much to her that she had not h

ad a formal education.

Language Points• Decorate (pa.2)

How much will it cost to ~ the kitchen?

Cf:

She adorned herself with jewels.

He embellished the story to make it more amusing.

There is a fried fish garnished with pieces of tomato.

Cary Grant

Lauren Bacall

Language Points

• Get into (pa.4)– Don’t worry. I’ll soon ~ into the way of doing

things.– The boy has got into some bad habits.

• Priceless (pa.4)– Good health is ~.

Word Differentiation

• This ancient gold coin isn’t just valuable, it’s priceless.

• Your assistance has been invaluable.

• Their advice proved invaluable to us on our journey.

• The metal looked like gold, but in fact it was worthless/valueless.

Language Points

• Panache (pa.4)– With great ~ he pulled the tablecloth off the

table without disturbing any of the plates and glasses.

• On/at the receiving end (pa.5)– Sales assistants are often at the ~ end of verbal

abuse from customers.

Language Points

• I bet (pa.6)– I ~ it will rain tomorrow.– I ~ you she won’t agree/come.

• Feel like a feel (pa.6) — cognate– He laughed a good laughter.– They lived a bitter life.– She dream a terrible dream.

Language Points

• Go by (pa.6)– Two years went by.– She let the chance ~ by.

• Knock into (pa.7)– Can you ~ this nail into the wood?– He bumped into me and ~ed me over.

Language Points

• Barrel (pa.7)– The car is ~ing over a speedway.– All the cement has been ~ed.

• Board (pa.7)– At the airport she ~ed a plane to Australia.– Will passengers waiting to ~ please go to the tic

ket counter?

Language Points

• A wee bit (pa.8)– Would you care for a ~ bit more to eat?

• Date (pa.8)– He’s asked her out on a ~.– She has a hot ~.

Language Points

• For heaven’s sake (pa.9)– For goodness ~ don’t tell him! – What’s the matter now, for God’s ~?

• Go a long way (pa.10)– The money raised will go a long ~ towards

providing essential food and medicine.

Language Points

• Take… for granted (pa.10)– We take having an endless supply of clean water

for ~.– I took it for ~ that you’d want to come with us, so

I bought you a ticket.

• Be likely to (pa.10)– Do remind me because I’m ~ to forget.– He’s ~ to get annoyed if you ask him about it.

Difficult Sentences

• Just because his job is to carry my bags

the fact that

doesn’t mean he doesn’t appreciate a little

that

gesture that makes his life a wee bit easier.

(pa.8)

Difficult Sentences

• Now, if we could just get everyone to

only

catch them!

(subjunctive mood)

How to emphasize

• Exclamatory sentence

• Short sentence

• Rhetorical question

• Parallelism

• Repetition

• Punctuation marks

• Emphatic structure

Exclamatory sentence

• What a gift! (pa.5)

• How lovely it would be to put a card on your spouse pillow at night to say “Thank you.” for some dear thing he or she did for you even just to say “I love you.” (pa.9)

Short sentences• I certainly do,… (pa.1)

• But it can matter very much. (pa.2)

• It funny how that happens, but it does. (pa.3)

• Good manners are infectious. (pa.11)

Rhetorical question

• Haven’t you noticed that the kindest, most generous people seem to keep getting prettier? (pa.3)

• Don’t you just hate it when someone knocks an enormous carry-on bag into your head when he’s barreling down the aisle to board an airplane — and then doesn’t bother to say he’s sorry? (pa.7)

Parallelism• … people rushing into elevators without

giving those inside a chance to get off first, never saying “Thank you.” when others hold a door open for them, or “Please.” when they want a coworker to hand them something, never giving a wave or nod of appreciation when another motorist lets them pull out into traffic. (pa.1)

Parallelism & Repetition

• The fact is that no matter how nicely we dress, how beautifully we decorate our homes, or how lovely our dinner parties are, we can’t be truly stylish without good manners. (pa.2)

Punctuation marks

• You’d sure get my attention if you brought me a Snicker! (pa.10)

• If you’re a husband, how long has it been since you walked in the door with a rose for your wife? Or maybe her favorite candy — even if it’s just a Snickers bar? (pa.10)

Emphatic structure

• But when someone does stop and turn around and genuinely apologizes… (pa.7)

• It was a sweet gesture that made me feel terrific and put me in a great mood. (pa.5)

Exercises & Homework

• Notes on textbook exercises

• Homework

Grammar Exercise

• Another or Other?

• If you don’t like this one, I can show you _______.

• She was holding the wheel with one hand and waving with ________.

• They need ______ ticket.

• They need some _____ ticketsKey: another the other another other

Grammar Exercise

• What’s the difference?

• A few of them are red; others are brown.

(=some of the remaining ones)

• A few of them are red; the others are brown.

(=all the rest are brown)

Grammar Exercise

• What’s the difference?

• She’s cleverer than the others in her class.

(=any of the other boys and girls)

• She’s cleverer than the other girls in her class.

(=the rest of the girls)

Homework: Oral Practice• Presentation topic:

• What are good manners if you are …?

in a library

in a western-styled

restaurantin a park

queuing in a bank

making a phonecall in a train

Thank you!