Unit 2.2 Roots of Indian Civilization · Unit 2.2 Roots of Indian Civilization ‘Do Now’ Happy...

Unit 2.2Roots of Indian Civilization

‘Do Now’ Happy Friday!!!How did implementation of codified laws such as the Code of

Hammurabi affect the people of ancient societies?

A) It unified the various peoples and laws within the empireB) It reduced the authority of the king over the citizensC) It limited the role of government in the lives of citizensD) It established the separation of government and religion

Do you best to pick the correct answer (Full sentence not needed)

Also define 1) Implementation 2) Codified 3) Affect 4) Ancient

¿De qué manera la implementación de leyes codificadas como el Código de Hammurabi afecta a la gente de las sociedades antiguas?

A) Unificó los diversos pueblos y leyes dentro del imperioB) Redujo la autoridad del rey sobre los ciudadanosC) Limitó el papel del gobierno en la vida de los ciudadanosD) Estableció la separación del gobierno y la religión

How Has Geography Shaped Life in India??

Monsoons! (Heavy Rains Video)

What is a Monsoon?

Seasonal winds

Sometimes bringing hot, dry air that withers crops.

Other times pick up moisture over the Indian Ocean and drench the land with downpours.

Monsoons have shaped Indian life!!!

Too Little Water -- No Crops!

Too Much -- Floods!

Review! Indus River Valley Civilization!!!

• 3300 - 1700 B.C • Polytheistic! Early Indian Religious Beliefs

start here!• Environmental problems most likely caused the

decline of this civilization!!

Aryan Civilization

2000 B.C - 1500 B.C, nomadic peoples migrated from Central Asia.

into Northwestern India!!

These nomads married with local peoples to form a group who called themselves Aryans.

Through ACCULTURATION, or the blending of two or more cultures, the Aryans combined the cultural traditions of the nomads with those of earlier Indian peoples.

Sanskrit → Sacred language

Poetry, literature, science, religion

The ‘Vedas’

-- Series in Sanskrit

--Rigveda

--Hymns, rituals, ceremonies, meditation, philosophy

-- Core of Hinduism, & elements of Buddhism & Jainism 10

Almost all of the information we have about these early ‘Aryan’ people comes from the Vedas

BECAUSE….

Early Aryans left very little archaeological evidence

Early Aryan People

The Vedas are a collection of hymns, chants, ritual instructions, and other religious teachings!

Vedic priests memorized and recited hymns for 1000 years before ever writing them down!

Ancient Hymn from the Vedas

Aryans Structure SocietySOCIAL STRATIFICATION

From the Vedas -- We learn of Rigid Caste Stratification

Brahmins, or priests.

Kshatriyas, or warriors.

Vaisyas, including herders, farmers, artisans, and merchants.

Fourth group, the Sudras. This group included farm workers, servants, and other laborers.

Dalits, was considered outside the caste system. These people did work that others wouldn't, such as making leather from animal skins.

Rigid Caste System

Modern India: Leftover Caste Culture

Hinduism Develops

No single founder and no single sacred text.

Grew out of overlapping beliefs

Began with early Aryans and Indus valley gods and beliefs

“God is one, but wise people know it by many names.”

All powerful spiritual force called “Brahman” that takes many forms! (300,000 Gods) Polytheism and Monotheism combined!!!

Buddhism Comes Out of Hinduism!

The Buddha = Enlightened One

The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism…1) All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow

2) The cause of suffering is non-virtue, or negative deeds and mindsets such as hatred and desire

3) The only cure for suffering is to overcome non-virtue

4) The way to overcome non-virtue is to follow the 8-fold path

The Eightfold Path of Buddhism1) Right Views2) Right aspirations (aims)3) Right Speech4) Right conduct5) Right livelihood6) Right effort7) Right mindfulness8) Right contemplation (thought)

Through meditation, one may reach nirvana, or union with the universe and freedom from suffering

The Middle Way

Mindless absorption in worldly affairs

Complete denial of worldly life (Fasting, homeless, avoiding all material possessions)

Religion Research Read Page 83

Choose a World Religion you don’t know much about

Create a poster displaying the following…

1) The religious symbol(s) of the religion 2) The most important beliefs of the religion3) The top 3 countries in which the religion is practiced4) What type of religion it is (Polytheistic, Monotheistic, No Gods)

Creativity = Points and Candy

Use Color

Unit 2.2 Roots of Indian Civilization · Unit 2.2 Roots of Indian Civilization ‘Do Now’ Happy...

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