Unit 3 pp #7

The Cell

Outline Cell Structure

Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Plant vs. Animal Organelles, structure and function

Movement through the Cell Cell membrane Passive transport

Osmosis Diffusion

Active transport Endocytosis Exocytosis

Types of Cells

The Cell Theory1) All living things are composed of

cells.

2) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.

3) New cells are produced from existing cells.

Cells Unicellular – organism made up of only 1 cell

Cells Multicellular – organism made up of more than 1 cell

Cells Unicellular or multicellular?

Cells Unicellular or multicellular?

Cells Unicellular or multicellular?

Cells All cells

contain: Cytoplasm Cell

membrane Ribosomes Genetic

information (DNA)

Cells Types:

Prokaryote Eukaryote

Animal cells Plant cells

Prokaryote Cells Cells missing a nucleus and organelles.

DNA is a single circle (plasmid).

All bacteria are prokaryotes.

All prokaryotes are unicellular.

Prokaryote

Eukaryote Cells have a

nucleus and organelles.

Eukaryotes may be unicellular or multicellular

Two types: Animal cells Plant cells

Eukaryote

Animal Cells Eukaryotic cell that does not contain a: cell wall large vacuole Chloroplasts

Does NOT photosynthesize.

Animal Cells

Plant Cells Eukaryotic cell that contains: large vacuole Cell wall chloroplasts

Photosynthesizes.

Plant Cells

Cell Parts Cytoplasm

Found in all cells.

Semi-liquid medium that makes up the most of the cell.

Contains enzymes & nutrients that help reactions occur.

Cell Parts Cell Membrane

Structure surrounding all cells.

Controls what molecules may enter and/or exit the cell.

Cell Parts Ribosomes

Found in all cells.

Produces proteins.

Cell Parts DNA

Found in all cells. Contains the genetic information required for life.

1 circular strand in prokaryotes. Many linear (double helix) strands in eukaryotes.

Cell Parts

Nucleus Found in all eukaryotes.

Membrane bound structure that contains DNA.

Cell Parts

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Found in all eukaryotes.

Passageway in which proteins travel after being produced by ribosomes.

Produces new membranes.

Cell Parts Golgi Apparatus

Found in all eukaryotes.

Packaging center for proteins and other cell products leaving the cell.

Cell PartsLysosome

Found in animal cells.

Digests food molecules.

Destroys worn-out cell parts.

May destroy the cell.

‘Suicide sac.’

Cell Parts

Mitochondria Found in all eukaryotes.

Site of respiration.

Cell Parts Chloroplast

Found only in plant cells. Site of photosynthesis. Contains the pigment chlorophyll.

Appears green

Cell Parts Vacuole

Found in all eukaryotes. Very large in plant cells. Small organelles in animal cells.

Storage area for water and nutrients.

Cell Parts Cell Wall

Found only in plant cells. Adds structure and support to the cell.

Movement of the Cell Flagella

Whip-like tail used to move the cell.

Movement of the CellCilia

Small, hair-like projections surrounding the cell. Used to move the cell.