United States Constitution. Journal What is the purpose of a government?

United States Constitution

Journal

What is the purpose of a government?

Federalists vs. Anti-federalists

• Federalists- Those who wanted a large federal government and had many issues with the Articles of Confederation.

• Anti-federalists- Those who did not want a large federal government. They wanted the majority of the power to go to the individual states.

Constitutional Convention

• Purpose of the meeting – to revise the Articles of Confederation

• 55 delegates from 12 states participated (Rhode Island did not)

• G. Washington was quickly voted president of the convention

• Two plans are proposed…

Virginia Plan

• Proposed the following;– Strong central govt.– Three branches

• Legislative, executive, judicial– Legislative branch would consist of 2 houses

• Representation would be based on population of the state

– Executive branch would consist of 3 people

New Jersey Plan

• Favored the smaller states• Proposed the following;

– one legislative house• Representation should be equal – two per

state– Congress should have all the power

• Allowed to raise money and regulate commerce

The Great Compromise

• After much debate, a decision was made

• Three Branch Government

• Executive Branch – one person known as the President

• Legislative Branch – two houses

• One based on population of the state

• One equal number (2) of representatives per state

Creating Your Venn Diagram• Fold your paper in half – (hamburger)

• On the top portion ONLY, cut it 2 times to create 3 sections

Creating Your Venn Diagram

• Draw 2 circles – one toward the left side, the other towards the right

• Make sure the circles overlap in the middle section.

Debate Over Slavery

Journal

What is your definition of “compromise”?

Debate Over Slavery

• Now that they know one house will be based on population…do the slaves count in that population???

• South felt they should count to gain more representation in Congress

• North felt they shouldn’t because they can’t vote. Also, some states wanted to try to ban slavery

Three-Fifths Compromise

• Agreed that each enslaved person would be counted as 3/5 of a free person.– EX: 500 slaves would count as 300 people– Pop. of “free people” in Georgia = 82,548– Pop. of “enslaved people” in Georgia = 7,600

3/5 x 7,600 = 4,560

82,548 + 4,560 = 87,108

Creating Your 3/5 Foldable

• Fold your paper in half – (hamburger)

• Open in and fold the top and the bottom towards the fold in the middle

Creating Your 3/5 Foldable

• Glue your map over both flaps. • Cut the map in half – See teacher’s

example

Inside Your Foldable

What the North wanted….

What the South wanted…

The Three-Fifths Compromise

Legislative Branch

Journal

• Think of some everyday examples of people who “make the laws” in your life. List at least 3 examples.

Legislative Branch

CONGRESS

SENATE = 100 delegates

2 representatives per state

House of Representatives = 435 delegates

# based on state population

How they are re-elected…

Legislative Branch – Two Houses

• Senate– # of people = 100– # per state = 2– Requirements

• Age 30+ yrs• Citizenship 9 yrs• Residency Requirements – live in that state

– Length of Term = 6 yrs– Elected to Office by the voters of that state

Legislative Branch – Two Houses

• House of Representatives– # of people = 435– # per state = at least 1; based on pop.– Requirements

• Age 25+ yrs• Citizenship 7 yrs• Residency Requirements – live in that state

– Length of Term = 2 yrs– Elected to Office by the voters of their district

Our 18 Congressional Districts, 2010 Census-We had 19 in the 2000census, but our population didn’t grow at the same rate as other states so we technically lost a seat…

Why has the Number of Reps Increased?

Legislative Branch

• Jobs and Responsibilities –Passes/Make Laws

• Override President’s veto• Approves treaties• Can impeach the Pres.• Prints money• Declares war (stop)

Distributing Representation

• Members are redistributed every 10 years based on census info gathered in each state

• How to Calculate State Representatives:1. State population = X

country’s population

2. X × 435 = _______

Distributing Representation• EX: pop. of Illinois in 2000= 12,400,000

in 2010= 12,800,000

pop. of US in 2000= 281,400,000

in 2010= 308,700,000

2000 State pop/US pop= .044*435= 19.1 (19)

2010…

Change from 2000-2010

Electoral College

Electoral College

Senate

House

100 Senators+ 435 Representatives 535 People in the Electoral College

Electoral College

Executive Branch

Judicial Branch