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Jan-Dirk Schmöcker
Department of Urban Management
Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering
Urban Planning and Transportation Network Analysis – An Introduction
Scope of Urban Planning at KU
• To promote knowledge to create safe, comfortable and sustainable cities.
• General research themes of urban planning laboratories:
– To develop comprehensive and practical methodologies for infrastructure design and management.
– These methodologies are then used to assess potential future scenarios and to develop policy suggestions.
• Given the complexity of our societies and wide ranging impacts of urban planning policies, a broad range of skills and knowledge is required: – Operations research, Geography, Economy (micro- and macro),
Sociology, Psychology, Philosophy … 2
Why focus on urban problems?
• Cities (= density) create unique opportunities • Better access to goods
• Better access to jobs and services
• Better access to information
• Interaction, entertainment
• But cities create competition leading to problems • Various capacity bottlenecks
• Pollution
• Desire for scarce space
• …
• ..all of which require better transportation networks
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Transportation Systems
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• Often mentioned keywords in “Masterplans”:
– Accessible (interchanges, entering/exiting, local/global)
– Reliable (travel time, terminal, capacity, …)
– Sustainable (air/ noise pollution, land-use dynamics)
– Efficient (speed, appropriate capacity, comfort)
– Safe (accidents, crime)
Transportation Systems
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• Solution approaches:
– Creating additional capacity
– Traffic Management and ITS
– Pricing policies
– Promotion of sustainable modes
– Enforcement
– Integrated Land-Use Policies
– Contingency plans
– …
Research Example: Developing A Methodology to assess PT Reliability
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• Specific Problem: Overcrowded trains and buses
• Decision makers need tools to estimate the effect of their solution approach
Problem: Limited Capacity
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• Passengers might not get onto the service because of overcrowding – But react to the overcrowding by adopting
(complex) routing strategies
• Model objective: Develop a simple assignment approach applicable to large scale networks considering – Absolute capacity of services
– Passenger`s routing strategies
Outline of methodology
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• Assume that passengers consider in their route choice: – On-board travel time – (Strategy dependent) waiting time – Risk-aversion of being unable to board
• Introduction of time intervals
varying levels of congestion
• Search for equilibrium re-routing of passengers.
London inner zone case study
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Final Comments
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• Transit Assignment with capacity constraints is one example for new methodologies developed as part of Urban Planning research.
• Subsequent research should discuss recommendations and policy implications,
– e.g. change of service details and its various implications.
• For this urban planners often interact with various organisations and interest groups.
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Thank you for listening
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