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Spiders
Did You Know?
• Spidershave8legs,2bodysegments,and2palpsinsteadofantennae
• BlackwidowspidersarethemajorspiderofmedicalconcerninUtah
• BrownreclusespidersareNOTfoundinUtah
• Spidersarebeneficialorganismsbecausetheypreyuponmanyotherpestinsects
• Thebestcontrolmethodsforspidersincludeexclusion,cleaning,reducingclutter,andtolerance
Above:Figure1.Hobospiderfemaleandeggsac.
Right:Figure2.Bandedgardenspider.
IPM Fact Sheet # 1 July 2013
Utah
PESTPRESS
Management Tools for a Healthy Learning EnvironmentSpooky Spiders
General Info:
Spidersarearachnids,closelyrelatedtoother8-leggedcrittersliketicks,mites,harvestmen,andscorpions.Spidersshouldbeconsideredbeneficial,astheyhelptokillotherpestsbothinandoutofbuildings.InUtah,thereareonlyafewspidersthatweshouldtreatwithcaution.
What do they look like?
Spidersvaryinsizefromthetarantuladowntothecongenialjumpingspider,andsmaller.Mostspidershave8eyes,butotherscanhavebetween0to6eyes!Spidersdon’thaveantennae.Theyhavemodifiedmouthpartscalledpedipalps.Inmalespidersthesepalpsareenlargedandlooklikeboxinggloves.The“boxinggloves”arenotanidentifyingfeatureofthehobospider,butofmalespidersingeneral.Spidersonlyhavetwomajorbodysegments,whereasinsectshavethree.
Life Cycle
TherearemanydifferentkindsofspidersinUtah,buttheyallgothroughthesamebasiclifecycle:egg,immaturesthatgrow(molt)throughmanystages,finallyreachingthereproductiveadultstage.Thisprocesscantakemonthstoyearsdependingonthespider.
Common Utah Spiders
Themostcommonspidersarethefunnelwebspiders,includingthehoboandgrassspiders.Othercommonspidersincludethewoodlouse,orbweavers,wolfspiders,jumpingspiders,groundspiders,thehacklemeshweavers,sac,andwidowspiders.
Any products, services or organizations that are mentioned, shown or indirectly implied in this publication do not imply endorsement by Utah State University. Utah State University is an
affirmative action/equal opportunity institution.2013
Managing Spiders with Integrated Pest Management
• Caulk,sealandscreenallentrypointsintothebuildingtoexcludespiders.
• Changeexteriorlightingfromthestandardlightstosodiumvaporbulbstoreducepreyinsectsattractedtothebuilding.
• Vacuumregularlytosuckupspiders,webbing,andotherinsectswhichcanserveasfoodforspiders.
• Minimizecluttertoreduceareassuitableforspiderstohide,reproduce,andlayeggs.
• Usestickytrapsalongbaseboardstomonitorandhelpcontrolgrounddwellingspiders.
• Interiororexteriorinsecticidalspraysaregenerallyineffectiveatreducingspiderpopulationsinthelong-term,butmayprovidesomeshort-termknockdownandrepellency.
• Insecticidaldustscanbeusedinlowtrafficareassuchasboilerrooms,crawlspaces,andvoidsforlongerresidualcontrolofspiders.
Themajorspiderofmedicalconcernistheadultfemaleblackwidow.Thissolidblackspiderhasabulbusabdomen(hindsection)andaredhourglassonitsunderside(notontop).Thisspiderisfairlyclumsyoutofitswebandbitesusuallyonlyoccurifahandisstuckintheweb,orifaspiderisinadvertentlygrabbedwhilecleaninginareaslikethegarageorshed.
Blackwidowscomeoutatnightandcapturepreyintheircobweb-likewebs.Searchforwidowsatnightwithaflashlightandcarefullycrushspiders,ortreatthespiderdirectlywithanaerosolinsecticide.
Sinceblackwidowsdon’tmoveeasilywhenoutsideoftheirwebs,theywaitforpreytocometothem.Often,exteriorlightingwillattractmanyinsectsthattheycatchintheirwebsandeat.Changingtheexteriorlightingtosodiumvaporbulbs(theyellowbulbs)reducesattractionofpreyinsectsandwillhelpkeepwidowsawayfromthegrounds.
Right:Figure4.Femaleblackwidowspiderwithredhourglassontheundersideoftheabdomen(WhitneyCranshaw,CSU,Bugwood)
For more info, check out:
Spiders: USU Extension http://extension.usu.edu/files/publications/factsheet/spidersn-2012pr.pdf
Top 20 Arachnids: USU Extension http://utahpests.usu.edu/uppdl/htm/top-20-arachnids
The Hobo Spider Page: USU Extension http://utahpests.usu.edu/uppdl/htm/hobo-spiders
Spiders in the Home: CSU Extension http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/insect/05512.html
Colorado School IPM:http://colordoipmcenter.agsci.colostate.edu/
Left:Figure3.Wolfspiderwithnewlyhatchedspiderlingsonherback
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