Vcs afolu standard for peatland rewetting and conservation

www.silvestrum.com info@silvestrum.com

Towards a VCS AFOLU standard for Peatland Rewetting and Conservation

Igino Emmer (Silvestrum)Manuel Estrada (Terra Carbon)

Hans Joosten (Greifswald University)

Contents• The need for an international ‘peat standard’• Issues addressed concerning peat

Why develop a standard?• No international standard specific for peat exists

• VCS AFOLU includes ARR, ALM, IFM, REDD

– Specific guidance for peat IS needed

• EB (47th meeting) has rejected NM0297 "Carbon dioxide and methane emissions avoidance from Block-C, Central Kalimantan”

– (a) It cannot be ensured that the baseline GHG emissions related to the above mentioned project activities are of anthropogenic nature;

– (b) The permanence of the GHG emission reduction cannot be ensured

The Voluntary Carbon Standard (VCS)• Global benchmark standard for voluntary carbon projects

– Founded by IETA, the WBCSD and the Climate Group

• Designed to be as robust as Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), while attempting to reduce costs and bottlenecks– Real, additional, measurable, permanent, independently verified and

unique offsets (VCUs)

Why a dedicated AFOLU peat standard?• Peat can represent a carbon pool in ARR, ALM,

IFM and REDD, however– The soil carbon pool (peat) is large and potentially

dominant vis à vis the other carbon pools– GHG emissions and carbon stock increases largely

depend on hydrological conditions– Emission reductions may be achieved that are in a

different order of magnitude• Expert group acts as a third party proposing a

standard to the VCS

GHG emissions from peatland degradation

Peat oxidation due to:– Drainage– Fire

• Land uses:– Logging– Agriculture– Peat extraction

VCS-PRC: possible project activities• Peatland rewetting and conservation

– ‘Rewetting’ implies the elevation of the average annual water table in drained peatland as a consequence of project activities resulting in reduced net GHG emissions

• Additional activities in combination with rewetting and conservation– ARR, ALM, IFM, REDD on peatland– Peatland fire management

Issues regarding PRC project activities• Rewetting:

– Resulting CH4, and N2O emissions– Crediting period vs peat depletion time– Hydrological connectivity leakage and

permanence

• Fire management:– Baseline setting

Accounting for emissions reductions from rewetting

• Current knowledge and experience allow for the development of cost effective and environmentally sound approaches to estimate emissions reductions in peatland projects, e.g.:

– Water level/CO2 emissions relationships, remote sensing (soil moisture), peat subsidence/CO2 emissions

– Applying conservatively high emissions factors in the project case (e.g. CH4)

– Discounting uncertainties from the carbon benefits– Conservatively neglect insignificant emissions in the

baseline/reductions in the project case to reduce costs

Issues addressed• Drainage before 1 January 2008: no need to

prove that drainage was with the intention to generate carbon credits by rewetting

• ARR vs ARRp (etc)– Significance peat >5% use both ARR and PRC

guidance– Peat is dominant source PRC risk assessment

Issues addressed• Biofuel crop production activities on drained

peat are not eligible. Biofuel plus rewetting: use PRC guidance

• Drainage of peatland to increase forest productivity is not eligible

Issues addressed• Because reliable onsite monitoring of both N2O

emission changes and N input (from artificial fertiliser and manure from grazing animals) is complicated and susceptible to fraud, reducing emissions from N fertilisation on peatland is not eligible for crediting

• N-fertiliser application in ALM on peat is not eligible• Upon rewetting, N2O emission will not increase,

therefore, ignoring N2O emission implies a conservative approach

Fire management

• Only eligible in combination with rewetting• Complicated baseline setting

– Pre-defined conservative estimate of emissions from fire in the baseline (25% of total baseline emissions) - conditional

– Applying IPCC GL 2006 Tier-3 methods

Thank you

Igino Emmer igino.emmer@silvestrum.com

Manuel Estrada manuel.estrada@terracarbon.com

Hans Joosten joosten@uni-greifswald.de

Vcs afolu standard for peatland rewetting and conservation

Documents

Sustainable peatland management: a case study of peatland … · 2019-03-21 · Sustainable peatland management: a case study of peatland development for oil palm plantation in East

Pedoman AFOLU

THERMAL ANALYSIS OF HEAT PIPE USING SELF REWETTING …

Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture Hans Joosten Uni-Greifswald: Peatland Studies & Palaeo-ecology International Mire Conservation

Time Foundation Peatland rewetting and climateregulation · 12.1 6.2 12.7 10.9 9.6 33.2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Boreal Temperate Tropical Globally Area, million ha Forestry Cropland

Peatland Restoration Guide Site Preparation and Rewetting

Growing season carbon dioxide and methane exchange at a ... · peatland Methane Revegetation Rewetting a b s t r a c t Boreal peatlands represent globally important long term sinks

Peatland rewetting for carbon credits – Experience from Belarus

KEBIJAKAN SEKTOR AFOLU TERKAIT PENURUNAN GAS …

A Voluntary Carbon Standard for Peatland Rewetting and Conservation

Comparison of remote sensing approaches for detection of ... · Inventory and t o assess priority areas to fulfil the ambitious peatland restoration and rewetting targets in the Climate

The value of peatland rewetting for reducing GHG emission · -GHG emissions and the feasibility of restoration-Our research at Mávahlíð, Western Iceland Outline. Icelandic peatlands

AFOLU Requirements, V3.4

ASEAN Peatland Forests Project (APFP)ledsgp.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/The-Peatland-Biodiversity... · ASEAN Peatland Forests Project - ... and the ASEAN Peatland Forests Project

PEATLAND RESTORATION AT THE CROSSROADS: ANALYSIS … · provinces found a number of cases where, as part of the peatland restoration program, peat rewetting facilities are not functioning

impacts and rewetting techniques

AFOLU - Supplements - UNFCCCunfccc.int/files/focus/mitigation/application/pdf/fao_afolu-addis... · AFOLU - Supplements Martial Bernoux Anglophone African Regional Workshop Converting

POLICY BRIEF #1 CLIMATE MITIGATION MEASURES FOR … · the soil profile. Therefore, peatland restoration (rewetting) is considered the most promising way for reducing greenhouse gas

Mire (peatland): definition

Peatland Rewetting for the climate, biodiversity and people · 2018. 7. 4. · Restoring peatlands in Russia – for fire prevention and climate change mitigation. Main project components