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Verb inflections as indicators of Bilingual SLI. Sharon Armon-Lotem, The Bilingual SLI project* Bar Ilan University. CLS, July17-19, Reading. *This project is funded by ISF grant no. 938. Acknowledgement. This work has been done in collaboration with: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Verb inflections as indicators of Bilingual SLISharon Armon-Lotem, The Bilingual SLI project*Bar Ilan University*This project is funded by ISF grant no. 938CLS, July17-19, Reading
AcknowledgementThis work has been done in collaboration with:
Anat Blass, Jonathan Fine, Efrat Harel, Elinor Saiegh-Haddad, and Joel Walters, Bar-Ilan University
Galit Adam, The Open University
With the help of:
Dori Braude, Michal Giladi, Ruti Litt, Lyle Lustinger, and Efrat Shimon
The bilingual SLI Project - AimExamining the linguistic production of bilingual children, ages 4-7, who were diagnosed for SLI in order to assess the relative contribution of each to the childs linguistic representations and underlying processes. In the overall effort, we look at the interface of SLI and bilingualism, exploring primarily the use of morpho-syntax, pragmatics, and discourse, as well as lexical, phonological, and sub-lexical processing. The present paper focuses on the use of the inflectional verbal system by English-Hebrew bilingual children
DefinitionsSpecific Language Impairment (SLI)Children with normal performance IQ, who score 12 months/1 SD below chronological age on standardized language tests, and have no: hearing disabilities, emotional or behavior problems, observed neurological deficit, or severe articulation/phonological deficit.
Bilingual childrenChildren with bilingual background who are able to function in two languages (carry a conversation and understand) at a near native level (typical or impaired). This includes both simultaneous bilinguals and sequential bilinguals.
Subject selectionPreschool children from bilingual or monolingual English-speaking homes, who attend regular preschools and special language preschools, and have been exposed to Hebrew for at least two years. All children come from the same neighbourhood and same (middle-high) SESChildren are screened for both languages and are categorized in accordance with their linguistic abilities as diagnosed by standardized tests (e.g., CELF Preschool for English, Goralnik for Hebrew), where TD is measured by less than 1.5 SD below norm. This yields a division into children with typical development in both languages (TD), children with English typical development (E-TD), and children with English atypical development (E-ATD). This later group comprises of children with Hebrew typical development (H-TD), and children with atypical development in both languages (A-TD) all are considered at-risk for SLI.
TD-children: 6 case studies6 case studies, 3 simultaneous, 3 sequential3 boys, 3 girls Age range 5;5-6;5
Sheet1
GoralnikCELF
age eqivOverall Test Scoreage eqivTotal Lang ScoreLength of exposureAgeName
6;37;084sim6;1Efi (F)BSEfrat
6;3161sim5;11NadirKidsNadav
6;31663E5;9AriellaKidsAriel
5;91557;0903H6;2Mici (F)BSMichal
4;91377;0952H5;5Eli (M)BSEliya
5;6148Sim5;4YanivKidsYanai
GoralnikCELF
Length of exposureAgeName
3H6;5Im605
sim6;1Ef601
3H6;2Mf602
sim5;9Af509
sim5;9Nm509
2H5;5Em505
Sheet2
Sheet3
E-TD children 5 case studies5 case studies3 boys, 2 girls Age range 4;1-6;6
ASSMNTSUM (2)
ASSMNTSUMASSESSMENT SUMMARIES (E + H)
ENGLISH ASSESSMENT STANDARD SCORES
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS
Name/ subtest standard scoreBirth DateAgeLing ConceptsBasic ConceptsSentence StrucReceptive Lang ScoreRecalling SentencesForm LabelsWord StrucExpr Lang ScoreTotal Lang ScorePercentile RankNorm Curve Equivalent
Akiva1.12.995.657577333506711
Shlomo1.12.995.557679433626927
Yonatan9.01.987.636874333697027
David24.10.986.6955814366973413
Miri25.05.01412599510713100974246
Arye13.06.013.1111101110479993984547
Orya Hadas22.2.996.27611914477380922
Adiya9.08.986.953365333656311
Liat24.1.005.5131059753671831326
Racheli5.11.986.6101213110979901005050
Binyamin13.9.995.8129898551184912737
Tzvi15.11.995.679687771394902536
Testing was in May (and June) 2005
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CELF-PRESCHOOL SUBTEST STANDARD SCORES, DEVIATIONS
FROM THE MEAN &PERCENTILE RANKS
Subtest Standard ScoreStandard Deviations from the MeanPercentile Rank
19+399
16+298
13+184
100 (mean)50
7-116
4-22
1-31
RELATIONSHIP BET CELF-PRESCHOOL RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE, EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE & TOTAL
LANGUAGE COMPOSITE STANDARD SCORES, DEVIATIONS FROM THE MEAN & PERCENTILE RANKS
Composite Standard ScoreStandard Deviations from the MeanPercentile Rank
145+399
130+298
115+184
100050
85-116
77-1.56
70-22
62-2.51
55-3
At risk children: 6 case studies6 case studies, 3 from each sub-group 3 boys, 3 girls Age range 5;5-6;9H-TD
A-TD
ASSMNTSUM (2)
ASSMNTSUMASSESSMENT SUMMARIES (E + H)
ENGLISH ASSESSMENT STANDARD SCORES
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS
Name/ subtest standard scoreBirth DateAgeLing ConceptsBasic ConceptsSentence StrucReceptive Lang ScoreRecalling SentencesForm LabelsWord StrucExpr Lang ScoreTotal Lang ScorePercentile RankNorm Curve Equivalent
Akiva1.12.995.657577333506711
Shlomo1.12.995.557679433626927
Yonatan9.01.987.636874333697027
David24.10.986.6955814366973413
Miri25.05.01412599510713100974246
Arye13.06.013.1111101110479993984547
Orya Hadas22.2.996.27611914477380922
Adiya9.08.986.953365333656311
Liat24.1.005.5131059753671831326
Racheli5.11.986.6101213110979901005050
Binyamin13.9.995.8129898551184912737
Tzvi15.11.995.679687771394902536
Testing was in May (and June) 2005
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CELF-PRESCHOOL SUBTEST STANDARD SCORES, DEVIATIONS
FROM THE MEAN &PERCENTILE RANKS
Subtest Standard ScoreStandard Deviations from the MeanPercentile Rank
19+399
16+298
13+184
100 (mean)50
7-116
4-22
1-31
RELATIONSHIP BET CELF-PRESCHOOL RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE, EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE & TOTAL
LANGUAGE COMPOSITE STANDARD SCORES, DEVIATIONS FROM THE MEAN & PERCENTILE RANKS
Composite Standard ScoreStandard Deviations from the MeanPercentile Rank
145+399
130+298
115+184
100050
85-116
77-1.56
70-22
62-2.51
55-3
Linguistic Measures: InflectionsEnglish: past tense 3rd person in the presentHebrew: gender and number in present tensegender, number and person in past and future
Inflections in Monolingual SLI and TD BilingualsEnglish: Both SLI and bilinguals use root infinitives (RIs), e.g., David play ball.
Hebrew: SLI children find past tense 2nd person inflection more difficult.
TasksNaturalistic samples (interview, story telling, free play
Sentence completion (Based on Dromi et al 1999)Enactment (Based on Dromi et al 1999)Elicited imitation
TD verb inflectionsNo errors in Hebrew enactment In other tasks, error rate is very low, mostly less than 10% and never more then 20% (on the sentence completion task).
Chart1
0.818181818210.73333333330.951
0.863636363610.95555555560.851
0.81818181820.96153846150.91111111110.8251
0.81818181820.80769230770.97777777780.951
0.77272727270.884615384610.951
0.909090909110.97777777780.8751
Sentence completion E N=22
Imitation E N=26
Sentence completion H N=45
Imitation H N=40
Enactment H N=24
TD Rate of Target Responses by Task (in Percentage)
6 at risk kids
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing0%0%7%
Wrong tense6%12%12%
Wrong 3rd person8%16%24%
Root Infinitives19%47%53%
sentence completion - Hebrew
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Root Infinitives1.2%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense5.0%3.8%2.5%
wrong gender0.0%8.0%8.0%
wrong conjugation5.5%17.0%5.5%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el6.5%17.0%13.0%
Hitpa'el7.5%19.0%0.0%
Hif'il10.0%50.0%10.0%
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg37.50%12.50%6.25%
2nd ms62.50%12.50%0.00%
2nd fm62.50%0.00%0.00%
2nd pl6.25%0.00%0.00%
3 conjugation errors
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg6.25%6.25%6.25%
2nd ms6.25%43.75%56.25%
2nd fm25%31.25%25%
1st pl6.25%18.75%25%
2nd pl12.50%56.25%68.75%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
Conjugation errors in E-TD and H-TD
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing for 3rd0.00%0.00%37.50%
Wrong tense0.00%0.00%0.00%
Wrong 3rd person25.00%0.00%0.00%
Root Infinitives3.12%60.00%60.00%
6 at risk kids
0000
0000
0000
V+ing
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Sentence Completion - EnglishPercentage of erroneous responses
9AR+6TD
0000
0000
0000
Root Infinitives
Wrong tense
wrong gender
wrong conjugation
Sentence completion - Hebrew
3No-TD BS
000
000
000
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
Error rate by conjugation
3H-TD BS
0000
0000
0000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
2nd pl
Enactment - HebrewError (mostly 3rd person) rate by target person
3E-TD BS
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Imitation - Hebrew
Sum TD and At risk
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Imitation - English
6 TD and 9 at risk success
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
V+ing0%0%4%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense8%4%4%10.4%0.0%4.2%
Wrong 3rd person6%11%28%5.6%27.8%17.0%
Root Infinitives13%50%48%6.3%60.4%33.0%
sentence completion - Hebrew
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
Root Infinitives0.8%0.0%0.0%0.8%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense4.4%4.4%5.9%2.4%1.5%1.8%
wrong gender6.3%7.9%7.1%4.0%0.0%6.0%
Wrong Number3.2%0.8%0.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%
wrong conjugation8.9%8.9%3.0%3.7%0.0%1.5%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
Pi'el0.0%9.8%5.1%5.1%0.0%2.5%
Hitpa'el30.6%16.7%2.8%5.6%0.0%4.1%
Hif'il13.3%26.7%6.7%6.7%0.0%3.4%
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
1st sg24.00%4.17%4.17%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd ms75.00%8.33%16.67%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd fm72.41%4.17%20.83%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Mostly 3rdMostly 3rdMostly 3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
1st sg4.17%16.67%4.17%4.2%4.2%4.2%
2nd ms29.17%41.67%68.00%12.5%4.2%8.3%
2nd fm13%20.83%42%8.3%4.2%6.2%
1st pl8.33%16.67%17%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd pl37.50%37.50%79.17%29.2%12.5%16.2%
Mostly 1stMostly 1stMostly 1st
7/9 one boy8/9 one girl
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
V+ing for 3rd0.00%0.00%12.50%0.00%8.3%4.1%
Wrong tense0.00%2.08%0.00%0.00%0.0%0.0%
Wrong 3rd person13.33%0.00%3.33%0.00%0.0%0.0%
Root Infinitives2.08%60.42%60.42%0.0%35.4%17.6%
6 TD and 9 at risk success
0000
0000
V+ing
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
TD sentence completion - English
Hebrew
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Sentence completion - English
9 at risk
000
000
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
TD conjugation errors
3TD BS
000
000
000
000
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
conjugation errors
000
000
000
000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Enactment
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
TD Imitation - Hebrew
00000
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Imitation - Hebrewerror rate
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
TD Imitation - English
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Imitation - Englisherror rate
00000
00000
Root Infinitives
Wrong tense
wrong gender
Wrong Number
wrong conjugation
TD sentence completion - Hebrew
00000
00000
00000
00000
Root Infinitives
Wrong tense
wrong gender
Wrong Number
wrong conjugation
Sentence completion - Hebrew
sentence completion English
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
V+ing [N=160.0%6.3%9.1%5.1%
Wrong tense [N=16]0.0%6.3%6.3%4.2%
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]33.3%33.3%16.7%27.8%
Root Infinitives [N=16]37.5%43.8%62.5%47.9%
sentence completion - Hebrew
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=42]8.9%4.8%0.0%4.6%
wrong gender [N=42]2.4%7.1%9.5%6.3%
Wrong Number [N=42]2.4%0.0%0.0%0.8%
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%0.0%6.7%3.0%
error rate for the different conjugations
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%0.0%15.4%5.1%
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%0.0%0.0%2.8%
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%0.0%20.0%6.7%
Hebrew Enactment
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
1st sg0.0%12.5%0.0%4.2%
2nd ms50.0%0.0%0.0%16.7%
2nd fm62.5%0.0%0.0%20.8%
All 3rd3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
1st sg0.0%0.0%12.5%4.2%
2nd ms100.0%25.0%87.5%70.8%
2nd fm75.0%37.5%12.5%41.7%
1st pl0.0%50.0%0.0%16.7%
2nd pl100.0%37.5%100.0%79.2%
Mostly 1st sgMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sg
English - Imitation
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%15.4%7.7%7.7%
Wrong tense [N=16]3.8%0.0%0.0%1.3%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]10.0%0.0%0.0%3.3%
Root Infinitives [N=16]62.5%68.8%50.0%60.4%
00000
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
00000
00000
00000
00000
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
000
000
000
000
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
000
000
000
000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total contexts
sentence completion English
LianOritAdiH-TDLianOritAdi
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%V+ing [N=16000
Wrong tense [N=16]6.3%0.0%0.0%2.1%Wrong tense [N=16]100
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]000
Root Infinitives [N=16]62.5%50.0%68.8%60.4%Root Infinitives [N=16]10811
sentence completion - Hebrew
LianOritAdiH-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=42]4.8%4.8%2.4%4.0%
wrong gender [N=42]9.5%9.5%4.8%7.9%
Wrong Number [N=42]2.4%0.0%0.0%0.8%
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%15.6%8.9%8.9%
error rate for the different conjugations
LianOritAdiH-TD
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%26.7%0.0%8.9%
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%30.8%8.3%15.8%
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%20.0%60.0%26.7%
Hebrew Enactment
LianOritAdiH-TD
1st sg0.0%12.5%0.0%4.2%
2nd ms0.0%0.0%25.0%8.3%
2nd fm12.5%0.0%0.0%4.2%
gender3rd person3rd person
Hebrew-Imitation
LianOritAdiH-TD
1st sg12.5%25.0%0.0%12.5%
2nd ms37.5%62.5%25.0%41.7%
2nd fm0.0%62.5%0.0%20.8%
1st pl12.5%25.0%12.5%16.7%
2nd pl0.0%100.0%12.5%37.5%
English - Imitation
LianOritAdiH-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=26]3.8%0.0%0.0%1.3%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Root Infinitives [N=16]62.5%50.0%68.8%60.4%
00000
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
00.06666666670.071428571400.0222222222
00.04444444440.09523809520.09523809520.2444444444
0.02380952380.02380952380.023809523800.0222222222
0.00793650790.0449735450.06349206350.03174603170.0962962963
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
000
000
000
000
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
000
000
000
000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total contexts
01010
0008
00011
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
sentence completion English
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%TzikiBeniReli
Wrong tense [N=16]12.5%12.5%0.0%8.3%V+ing [N=16000
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]16.7%0.0%0.0%5.6%Wrong tense [N=16]220
Root Infinitives [N=16]18.8%0.0%18.8%12.5%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]100
Root Infinitives [N=16]303
sentence completion - Hebrew
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%2.4%0.8%
Wrong tense [N=42]6.7%4.4%2.4%4.5%
wrong gender [N=42]7.1%9.5%2.4%6.3%
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%9.5%0.0%3.2%
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%24.4%2.2%9.6%
error rate for the different conjugations
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%83.3%0.0%30.6%
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%20.0%20.0%13.3%
Hebrew Enactment
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
1st sg66.7%0.0%0.0%22.2%
2nd ms87.5%100.0%50.0%79.2%
2nd fm100.0%91.7%25.0%72.2%
All 3rd personMostly 3rd personAll 3rd person
Hebrew-Imitation
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
1st sg12.5%0.0%0.0%4.2%
2nd ms0.0%62.5%25.0%29.2%
2nd fm37.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%
1st pl0.0%12.5%12.5%8.3%
2nd pl0.0%87.5%25.0%37.5%
2 3rd person1st & other1st & 3rd
English - Imitation
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]30.0%10.0%0.0%13.3%
Root Infinitives [N=16]6.3%0.0%0.0%2.1%
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
00000
00000
00000
00000
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
000
000
000
000
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
000
000
000
000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
00000
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total contexts
0213
0200
0003
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
sentence completion English
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%5.1%
Wrong tense [N=16]10.4%8.3%2.1%4.2%
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]5.6%5.6%0.0%27.8%
Root Infinitives [N=16]6.3%12.5%60.4%47.9%
sentence completion - Hebrew
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]1.6%0.8%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=42]2.4%4.5%4.0%4.6%
wrong gender [N=42]4.0%6.3%7.9%6.3%
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%3.2%0.8%0.8%
wrong conjugation [N=45]3.7%9.6%8.9%3.0%
error rate for the different conjugations
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el [N=13]5.1%0.0%8.9%5.1%
Hitpa'el [N=12]5.6%30.6%15.8%2.8%
Hif'il [N=5]6.7%13.3%26.7%6.7%
Hebrew Enactment
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg0.0%22.2%4.2%4.2%
2nd ms0.0%79.2%8.3%16.7%
2nd fm0.0%72.2%4.2%20.8%
Mostly 3rdMostly 3rdMostly 3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg4.2%4.2%12.5%4.2%
2nd ms12.5%29.2%41.7%70.8%
2nd fm8.3%12.5%20.8%41.7%
1st pl0.0%8.3%16.7%16.7%
2nd pl29.2%37.5%37.5%79.2%
English - Imitation
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%7.7%
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%0.0%1.3%1.3%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]0.0%13.3%0.0%3.3%
Root Infinitives [N=16]0.0%2.1%60.4%60.4%
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
00000
00000
00000
00000
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erronous responses
000
000
000
000
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
000
000
000
000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
00000
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total responses
9
Engligh- total target responses by task
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiEliMiciEfi
E Sentence completion N=2245.5%68.2%81.8%50.0%68.2%31.8%45.5%22.7%13.6%81.8%86.4%90.9%
E Imitation N=2669.2%84.6%96.2%46.2%53.8%38.5%38.5%19.2%42.3%100.0%100.0%100.0%
N=22 N=26
Tziki45.5%69.2%Eli81.8%100.0%
Beni68.2%84.6%Mici86.4%100.0%
Reli81.8%96.2%Efi90.9%100.0%
Lian50.0%46.2%Eli81.8%100.0%
Orit68.2%53.8%Mici86.4%100.0%
Adi31.8%38.5%Efi90.9%100.0%
Dadi45.5%38.5%Eli81.8%100.0%
Aki22.7%19.2%Mici86.4%100.0%
Shlomi13.6%42.3%Efi90.9%100.0%
47.5%54.3%86.4%100.0%
22.5%24.6%3.9%0.0%
Hebrew - total target responses by task
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiEliMiciEfi
H Sentence completion N=4571.1%46.7%80.0%71.1%51.1%82.2%75.6%71.1%73.3%73.3%95.6%97.8%
H Imitation N=4082.5%42.5%80.0%85.0%42.5%85.0%37.5%70.0%50.0%95.0%85.0%87.5%
H Enactment N=2412.5%33.3%83.3%91.7%87.5%79.2%50.0%91.7%100.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%
N=45 N=40 N=24
Tziki71.1%82.5%12.5%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Beni46.7%42.5%33.3%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Reli80.0%80.0%83.3%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
Lian71.1%85.0%91.7%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Orit51.1%42.5%87.5%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Adi82.2%85.0%79.2%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
Dadi75.6%37.5%50.0%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Aki71.1%70.0%91.7%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Shlomi73.3%50.0%100.0%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
69.1%63.9%69.9%88.9%89.2%100.0%
12.2%20.4%30.5%11.7%4.5%0.0%
Im605
Ef601
Mf602
Af509
Nm509
Em505SeqSim
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
N=2281.8%86.4%90.9%Sentence completion E N=2282%86%82%82%77%91%
N=26100.0%100.0%100.0%Imitation E N=26100%100%96%81%88%100%
N=4573.3%95.6%97.8%Sentence completion H N=4573%96%91%98%100%98%
N=4095.0%85.0%87.5%Imitation H N=4095%85%83%95%95%88%
N=24100.0%100.0%100.0%Enactment H N=24100%100%100%100%100%100%
90.9%93.2%95.5%0.9615384615
89.4%93.5%95.1%
0.950.8846153846
90.0%93.4%95.2%
5.56.26.10.95
2.03.06.0
0.81818181820.9777777778
0.8076923077
N=22 N=26 N=45 N=40 N=24
45.5%69.2%71.1%82.5%12.5%61.9%47.5%56.2%5.62
68.2%84.6%46.7%42.5%33.3%66.5%37.9%55.1%5.83
81.8%96.2%80.0%80.0%83.3%86.0%81.7%84.3%6.64
50.0%46.2%71.1%85.0%91.7%55.8%88.3%68.8%5.52
68.2%53.8%51.1%42.5%87.5%57.7%65.0%60.6%6.23.5
31.8%38.5%82.2%85.0%79.2%50.8%82.1%63.3%6.92
45.5%38.5%75.6%37.5%50.0%53.2%43.8%49.4%6.62
22.7%19.2%71.1%70.0%91.7%37.7%80.8%54.9%5.64
13.6%42.3%73.3%50.0%100.0%43.1%75.0%55.9%5.64
0.900.930.950.560.550.840.690.610.630.490.550.56
5.56.26.15.65.86.65.56.26.96.65.65.6
23623423.52244
6.96.66.66.26.26.15.85.65.65.65.55.5
0.630.490.840.930.610.950.550.560.550.560.900.69
22433.56324422
64443.53322222
0.950.550.560.840.610.930.550.560.900.690.630.49
91%93%95%62%66%86%56%58%51%53%38%43%
89%94%95%48%38%82%88%65%82%44%81%75%
5.56.26.15.65.86.65.56.26.96.65.65.6
23623423.52244
64443.53322222
95%43%86%38%58%66%93%51%53%56%62%91%
95%75%82%81%65%38%94%82%44%88%48%89%
6.96.66.66.26.26.15.85.65.65.65.55.5
51%53%86%58%93%95%66%62%38%43%91%56%
82%44%82%65%94%95%38%48%81%75%89%88%
0.45454545450.6923076923
0.68181818180.8461538462
0.81818181820.9615384615
0.50.4615384615
0.68181818180.5384615385
0.31818181820.3846153846
0.45454545450.3846153846
0.22727272730.1923076923
0.13636363640.4230769231
E Sentence completion N=22
E Imitation N=26
English total target responses by task per child
0.71111111110.8250.125
0.46666666670.4250.3333333333
0.80.80.8333333333
0.71111111110.850.9166666667
0.51111111110.4250.875
0.82222222220.850.7916666667
0.75555555560.3750.5
0.71111111110.70.9166666667
0.73333333330.51
H Sentence completion N=45
H Imitation N=40
H Enactment N=24
Hebrew total target responses by task per child
E Sentence completion N=22
E Imitation N=26
H Sentence completion N=45
H Imitation N=40
H Enactment N=24
Total target responses by task per child
Tziki
Beni
Reli
Lian
Orit
Adi
Dadi
Aki
Shlomi
0.45454545450.68181818180.81818181820.50.68181818180.31818181820.45454545450.22727272730.1363636364
0.69230769230.84615384620.96153846150.46153846150.53846153850.38461538460.38461538460.19230769230.4230769231
0.71111111110.46666666670.80.71111111110.51111111110.82222222220.75555555560.71111111110.7333333333
0.8250.4250.80.850.4250.850.3750.70.5
0.1250.33333333330.83333333330.91666666670.8750.79166666670.50.91666666671
0.45454545450.69230769230.71111111110.8250.125
0.68181818180.84615384620.46666666670.4250.3333333333
0.81818181820.96153846150.80.80.8333333333
0.50.46153846150.71111111110.850.9166666667
0.68181818180.53846153850.51111111110.4250.875
0.31818181820.38461538460.82222222220.850.7916666667
0.45454545450.38461538460.75555555560.3750.5
0.22727272730.19230769230.71111111110.70.9166666667
0.13636363640.42307692310.73333333330.51
N=22
N=26
N=45
N=40
N=24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Sentence completion E N=22
Imitation E N=26
Sentence completion H N=45
Imitation H N=40
Enactment H N=24
TD Rate of Target Responses by Task (in Percentage)
(ing) [N=16]000000012
[N=16]220100011
[N=6]100000221
[N=16]303108116710
(ing) [N=26]000000042
[N=26]000100100
[N=10]310000100
[N=16]1001081110118
[N=42]001000000
[N=42]321221420
[N=42]341442134
[N=42]040100100
[N=42]6103763654
[N=45]41143105636
-
100120001
052352827
300050631
011121040
072081838
-
600010010
784002400
882100500
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
(ing) [N=16]
[N=16]
[N=6]
[N=16]
(ing) [N=26]
[N=26]
[N=10]
[N=16]
[N=42]
[N=42]
[N=42]
[N=42]
0.45454545450.69230769230.71111111110.8250.125
0.68181818180.84615384620.46666666670.4250.3333333333
0.81818181820.96153846150.80.80.8333333333
0.50.46153846150.71111111110.850.9166666667
0.68181818180.53846153850.51111111110.4250.875
0.31818181820.38461538460.82222222220.850.7916666667
0.45454545450.38461538460.75555555560.3750.5
0.22727272730.19230769230.71111111110.70.9166666667
0.13636363640.42307692310.73333333330.51
N=22
N=26
N=45
N=40
N=24
0.45454545450.68181818180.81818181820.50.68181818180.31818181820.45454545450.22727272730.1363636364
0.69230769230.84615384620.96153846150.46153846150.53846153850.38461538460.38461538460.19230769230.4230769231
0.71111111110.46666666670.80.71111111110.51111111110.82222222220.75555555560.71111111110.7333333333
0.8250.4250.80.850.4250.850.3750.70.5
0.1250.33333333330.83333333330.91666666670.8750.79166666670.50.91666666671
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
[N=42]
[N=45]
sentence completion English
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%6.3%9.1%V+ing [N=16000000012
Wrong tense [N=16]12.5%12.5%0.0%6.3%0.0%0.0%0.0%6.3%6.3%Wrong tense [N=16]220100011
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]16.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%33.3%33.3%16.7%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]100000221
Root Infinitives [N=16]18.8%0.0%18.8%62.5%50.0%68.8%37.5%43.8%62.5%Root Infinitives [N=16]303108116710
Total6231181181114N=16
Tziki32Eli
Beni00Mici
Reli31Efi
Lian102Eli
Orit80Mici
Adi111Efi
Dadi62Eli
Aki70Mici
Shlomi101Efi
61
3.77859468290.8660254038
sentence completion - Hebrew
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Root Infinitives [N=42]001000000
Wrong tense [N=42]6.7%4.4%2.4%4.8%4.8%2.4%8.9%4.8%0.0%Wrong tense [N=42]321221420
wrong gender [N=42]7.1%9.5%2.4%9.5%9.5%4.8%2.4%7.1%9.5%wrong gender [N=42]341442134
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%9.5%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%Wrong Number [N=42]040100100
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%24.4%2.2%2.2%15.6%8.9%2.2%0.0%6.7%wrong conjugation [N=45]41143105636
Total16.0%47.9%9.4%18.9%29.8%16.0%15.9%11.9%16.2%Total102171016812810
error rate for the different conjugations
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%26.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%15.4%4.7%Pi'el [N=13]002041224
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%83.3%0.0%8.3%30.8%8.3%8.3%0.0%0.0%16.4%Hitpa'el [N=12]1101341310
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%20.0%20.0%0.0%20.0%60.0%0.0%0.0%20.0%15.6%Hif'il [N=5]211023102
Hebrew Enactment
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
1st sg66.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%12.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%0.0%1st sg600010010
2nd ms87.5%100.0%50.0%0.0%0.0%25.0%50.0%0.0%0.0%2nd ms784002400
2nd fm100.0%91.7%25.0%12.5%0.0%0.0%62.5%0.0%0.0%2nd fm882100500
All 3rd personMostly 3rd personAll 3rd persongender3rd person3rd personAll 3rd3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
1st sg12.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%25.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%12.5%1st sg100120001
2nd ms0.0%62.5%25.0%37.5%62.5%25.0%100.0%25.0%87.5%2nd ms052352827
2nd fm37.5%0.0%0.0%0.0%62.5%0.0%75.0%37.5%12.5%2nd fm300050631
1st pl0.0%12.5%12.5%12.5%25.0%12.5%0.0%50.0%0.0%1st pl011121040
2nd pl0.0%87.5%25.0%0.0%100.0%12.5%100.0%37.5%100.0%2nd pl072081838
2 3rd person1st & other1st & 3rdMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sg
English - Imitation
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%15.4%7.7%V+ing for 3rd [N=26]000000042
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%Wrong tense [N=26]000100100
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]30.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong 3rd person [N=10]310000100
Root Infinitives [N=16]6.3%0.0%0.0%62.5%50.0%68.8%62.5%68.8%50.0%Root Infinitives [N=16]1001081110118
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd) by target person
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Number of erroneous responses
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Number of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Number of errors by conjugation
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Number of error (mostly 3rd person) by target person
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Number of errors by target person
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Number of errors of total responses
sentence completion English
TD BS
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfi
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%V+ing [N=160000
Wrong tense [N=16]12.5%12.5%6.3%10.4%Wrong tense [N=16]2215
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]0.0%16.7%0.0%5.6%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]0101
Root Infinitives [N=16]12.5%0.0%6.3%6.3%Root Infinitives [N=16]2013
43290.1363636364
sentence completion - Hebrew
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfi
Root Infinitives [N=42]2.4%2.4%0.0%1.6%Root Infinitives [N=42]1102
Wrong tense [N=42]4.8%2.4%0.0%2.4%Wrong tense [N=42]2103
wrong gender [N=42]9.5%0.0%2.4%4.0%wrong gender [N=42]4015
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong Number [N=42]0000
wrong conjugation [N=45]11.1%0.0%0.0%3.7%wrong conjugation [N=45]5005
1221150.1111111111
error rate for the different conjugations
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfi
Pi'el [N=13]15.4%0.0%0.0%5.1%Pi'el [N=13]2002
Hitpa'el [N=12]16.7%0.0%0.0%5.6%Hitpa'el [N=12]2002
Hif'il [N=5]20.0%0.0%0.0%6.7%Hif'il [N=5]1001
50050.1111111111
Hebrew Enactment
EliMiciEfiTD
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
No errors
Hebrew-Imitation
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfi
1st sg0.0%0.0%12.5%4.2%1st sg0011
2nd ms12.5%25.0%0.0%12.5%2nd ms1203
2nd fm0.0%12.5%12.5%8.3%2nd fm0112
1st pl0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%1st pl0000
2nd pl12.5%37.5%37.5%29.2%2nd pl1337
265130.325
EliMiciEfi
English - ImitationE Sentence completion N=2281.8%86.4%90.9%
E Imitation N=26100.0%100.0%100.0%
EliMiciEfiTDH Sentence completion N=4573.3%95.6%97.8%
V+ing for 3rdH Imitation N=4095.0%85.0%87.5%
Wrong tenseH Enactment N=24100.0%100.0%100.0%
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
No errors
0
0
0
0
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
0202
0210
0101
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Number of erroneous responses
12405
11000
00100
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Number of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Number of errors by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Number of errors by target person
At Risk Verb Inflections
Chart1
0.50.80769230770.33333333330.850.125
0.22727272730.69230769230.24444444440.450
0.45454545450.69230769230.71111111110.8250.125
0.68181818180.84615384620.46666666670.4250.3333333333
0.81818181820.96153846150.80.80.8333333333
0.50.46153846150.71111111110.850.9166666667
0.68181818180.53846153850.51111111110.4250.875
0.31818181820.38461538460.82222222220.850.7916666667
0.13636363640.42307692310.73333333330.51
0.22727272730.19230769230.71111111110.70.9166666667
0.45454545450.38461538460.75555555560.3750.5
E Sentence completion N=22
E Imitation N=26
H Sentence completion N=45
H Imitation N=40
H Enactment N=24
Total target responses by task per child
6 at risk kids
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing0%0%7%
Wrong tense6%12%12%
Wrong 3rd person8%16%24%
Root Infinitives19%47%53%
sentence completion - Hebrew
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Root Infinitives1.2%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense5.0%3.8%2.5%
wrong gender0.0%8.0%8.0%
wrong conjugation5.5%17.0%5.5%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el6.5%17.0%13.0%
Hitpa'el7.5%19.0%0.0%
Hif'il10.0%50.0%10.0%
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg37.50%12.50%6.25%
2nd ms62.50%12.50%0.00%
2nd fm62.50%0.00%0.00%
2nd pl6.25%0.00%0.00%
3 conjugation errors
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg6.25%6.25%6.25%
2nd ms6.25%43.75%56.25%
2nd fm25%31.25%25%
1st pl6.25%18.75%25%
2nd pl12.50%56.25%68.75%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
Conjugation errors in E-TD and H-TD
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing for 3rd0.00%0.00%37.50%
Wrong tense0.00%0.00%0.00%
Wrong 3rd person25.00%0.00%0.00%
Root Infinitives3.12%60.00%60.00%
6 at risk kids
V+ing
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Sentence Completion - EnglishPercentage of erroneous responses
9AR+6TD
Root Infinitives
Wrong tense
wrong gender
wrong conjugation
Sentence completion - Hebrew
3No-TD BS
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
Error rate by conjugation
3H-TD BS
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
2nd pl
Enactment - HebrewError (mostly 3rd person) rate by target person
3E-TD BS
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Imitation - Hebrew
Sum TD and At risk
V+ing for 3rd
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Imitation - English
6 TD and 9 at risk success
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
V+ing0%0%4%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense8%4%4%10.4%0.0%4.2%
Wrong 3rd person6%11%28%5.6%27.8%17.0%
Root Infinitives13%50%48%6.3%60.4%33.0%
sentence completion - Hebrew
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
Root Infinitives0.8%0.0%0.0%0.8%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense4.4%4.4%5.9%2.4%1.5%1.8%
wrong gender6.3%7.9%7.1%4.0%0.0%6.0%
Wrong Number3.2%0.8%0.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%
wrong conjugation8.9%8.9%3.0%3.7%0.0%1.5%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
Pi'el0.0%9.8%5.1%5.1%0.0%2.5%
Hitpa'el30.6%16.7%2.8%5.6%0.0%4.1%
Hif'il13.3%26.7%6.7%6.7%0.0%3.4%
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
1st sg24.00%4.17%4.17%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd ms75.00%8.33%16.67%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd fm72.41%4.17%20.83%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Mostly 3rdMostly 3rdMostly 3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
1st sg4.17%16.67%4.17%4.2%4.2%4.2%
2nd ms29.17%41.67%68.00%12.5%4.2%8.3%
2nd fm13%20.83%42%8.3%4.2%6.2%
1st pl8.33%16.67%17%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd pl37.50%37.50%79.17%29.2%12.5%16.2%
Mostly 1stMostly 1stMostly 1st
7/9 one boy8/9 one girl
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
V+ing for 3rd0.00%0.00%12.50%0.00%8.3%4.1%
Wrong tense0.00%2.08%0.00%0.00%0.0%0.0%
Wrong 3rd person13.33%0.00%3.33%0.00%0.0%0.0%
Root Infinitives2.08%60.42%60.42%0.0%35.4%17.6%
6 TD and 9 at risk success
V+ing
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
TD sentence completion - English
Hebrew
V+ing
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Sentence completion - English
imitation
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
TD conjugation errors
11 at risk success
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
conjugation errors
11 at risk
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Enactment
9 at risk
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
TD Imitation - Hebrew
3-6TD BS
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Imitation - Hebrewerror rate
V+ing for 3rd
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
TD Imitation - English
V+ing for 3rd
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Imitation - Englisherror rate
Root Infinitives
Wrong tense
wrong gender
Wrong Number
wrong conjugation
TD sentence completion - Hebrew
Root Infinitives
Wrong tense
wrong gender
Wrong Number
wrong conjugation
Sentence completion - Hebrew
sentence completion English
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
V+ing [N=160.0%6.3%9.1%5.1%
Wrong tense [N=16]0.0%6.3%6.3%4.2%
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]33.3%33.3%16.7%27.8%
Root Infinitives [N=16]37.5%43.8%62.5%47.9%
sentence completion - Hebrew
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=42]8.9%4.8%0.0%4.6%
wrong gender [N=42]2.4%7.1%9.5%6.3%
Wrong Number [N=42]2.4%0.0%0.0%0.8%
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%0.0%6.7%3.0%
error rate for the different conjugations
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%0.0%15.4%5.1%
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%0.0%0.0%2.8%
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%0.0%20.0%6.7%
Hebrew Enactment
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
1st sg0.0%12.5%0.0%4.2%
2nd ms50.0%0.0%0.0%16.7%
2nd fm62.5%0.0%0.0%20.8%
All 3rd3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
1st sg0.0%0.0%12.5%4.2%
2nd ms100.0%25.0%87.5%70.8%
2nd fm75.0%37.5%12.5%41.7%
1st pl0.0%50.0%0.0%16.7%
2nd pl100.0%37.5%100.0%79.2%
Mostly 1st sgMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sg
English - Imitation
DadiAkiShlomiNo-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%15.4%7.7%7.7%
Wrong tense [N=16]3.8%0.0%0.0%1.3%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]10.0%0.0%0.0%3.3%
Root Infinitives [N=16]62.5%68.8%50.0%60.4%
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total contexts
sentence completion English
LianOritAdiH-TDLianOritAdi
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%V+ing [N=16000
Wrong tense [N=16]6.3%0.0%0.0%2.1%Wrong tense [N=16]100
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]000
Root Infinitives [N=16]62.5%50.0%68.8%60.4%Root Infinitives [N=16]10811
sentence completion - Hebrew
LianOritAdiH-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=42]4.8%4.8%2.4%4.0%
wrong gender [N=42]9.5%9.5%4.8%7.9%
Wrong Number [N=42]2.4%0.0%0.0%0.8%
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%15.6%8.9%8.9%
error rate for the different conjugations
LianOritAdiH-TD
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%26.7%0.0%8.9%
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%30.8%8.3%15.8%
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%20.0%60.0%26.7%
Hebrew Enactment
LianOritAdiH-TD
1st sg0.0%12.5%0.0%4.2%
2nd ms0.0%0.0%25.0%8.3%
2nd fm12.5%0.0%0.0%4.2%
gender3rd person3rd person
Hebrew-Imitation
LianOritAdiH-TD
1st sg12.5%25.0%0.0%12.5%
2nd ms37.5%62.5%25.0%41.7%
2nd fm0.0%62.5%0.0%20.8%
1st pl12.5%25.0%12.5%16.7%
2nd pl0.0%100.0%12.5%37.5%
English - Imitation
LianOritAdiH-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=26]3.8%0.0%0.0%1.3%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Root Infinitives [N=16]62.5%50.0%68.8%60.4%
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
00.06666666670.071428571400.0222222222
00.04444444440.09523809520.09523809520.2444444444
0.02380952380.02380952380.023809523800.0222222222
0.00793650790.0449735450.06349206350.03174603170.0962962963
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total contexts
01010
0008
00011
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
sentence completion English
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%TzikiBeniReli
Wrong tense [N=16]12.5%12.5%0.0%8.3%V+ing [N=16000
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]16.7%0.0%0.0%5.6%Wrong tense [N=16]220
Root Infinitives [N=16]18.8%0.0%18.8%12.5%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]100
Root Infinitives [N=16]303
sentence completion - Hebrew
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%2.4%0.8%
Wrong tense [N=42]6.7%4.4%2.4%4.5%
wrong gender [N=42]7.1%9.5%2.4%6.3%
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%9.5%0.0%3.2%
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%24.4%2.2%9.6%
error rate for the different conjugations
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%83.3%0.0%30.6%
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%20.0%20.0%13.3%
Hebrew Enactment
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
1st sg66.7%0.0%0.0%22.2%
2nd ms87.5%100.0%50.0%79.2%
2nd fm100.0%91.7%25.0%72.2%
All 3rd personMostly 3rd personAll 3rd person
Hebrew-Imitation
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
1st sg12.5%0.0%0.0%4.2%
2nd ms0.0%62.5%25.0%29.2%
2nd fm37.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%
1st pl0.0%12.5%12.5%8.3%
2nd pl0.0%87.5%25.0%37.5%
2 3rd person1st & other1st & 3rd
English - Imitation
TzikiBeniReliE-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]30.0%10.0%0.0%13.3%
Root Infinitives [N=16]6.3%0.0%0.0%2.1%
0
0
0
0
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total contexts
0213
0200
0003
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
sentence completion English
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%5.1%
Wrong tense [N=16]10.4%8.3%2.1%4.2%
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]5.6%5.6%0.0%27.8%
Root Infinitives [N=16]6.3%12.5%60.4%47.9%
sentence completion - Hebrew
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
Root Infinitives [N=42]1.6%0.8%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense [N=42]2.4%4.5%4.0%4.6%
wrong gender [N=42]4.0%6.3%7.9%6.3%
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%3.2%0.8%0.8%
wrong conjugation [N=45]3.7%9.6%8.9%3.0%
error rate for the different conjugations
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el [N=13]5.1%0.0%8.9%5.1%
Hitpa'el [N=12]5.6%30.6%15.8%2.8%
Hif'il [N=5]6.7%13.3%26.7%6.7%
Hebrew Enactment
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg0.0%22.2%4.2%4.2%
2nd ms0.0%79.2%8.3%16.7%
2nd fm0.0%72.2%4.2%20.8%
Mostly 3rdMostly 3rdMostly 3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg4.2%4.2%12.5%4.2%
2nd ms12.5%29.2%41.7%70.8%
2nd fm8.3%12.5%20.8%41.7%
1st pl0.0%8.3%16.7%16.7%
2nd pl29.2%37.5%37.5%79.2%
English - Imitation
TDE-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%7.7%
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%0.0%1.3%1.3%
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]0.0%13.3%0.0%3.3%
Root Infinitives [N=16]0.0%2.1%60.4%60.4%
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erronous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd person) by target person
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total responses
9
Engligh- total target responses by task
E-TDH-TDA-TD
Cm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606EliMiciEfi
E Sentence completion N=2245.5%68.2%81.8%50.0%68.2%31.8%13.6%22.7%45.5%81.8%86.4%90.9%
E Imitation N=2669.2%84.6%96.2%46.2%53.8%38.5%42.3%19.2%38.5%100.0%100.0%100.0%
N=22 N=26
Tziki45.5%69.2%Eli81.8%100.0%
Beni68.2%84.6%Mici86.4%100.0%
Reli81.8%96.2%Efi90.9%100.0%
Lian50.0%46.2%Eli81.8%100.0%
Orit68.2%53.8%Mici86.4%100.0%
Adi31.8%38.5%Efi90.9%100.0%
Dadi45.5%38.5%Eli81.8%100.0%
Aki22.7%19.2%Mici86.4%100.0%
Shlomi13.6%42.3%Efi90.9%100.0%
47.5%54.3%86.4%100.0%
22.5%24.6%3.9%0.0%
Hebrew - total target responses by task
Cm504Bm509Rf606L502Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm607EliMiciEfi
H Sentence completion N=4571.1%46.7%80.0%71.1%51.1%82.2%73.3%71.1%75.6%73.3%95.6%97.8%
H Imitation N=4082.5%42.5%80.0%85.0%42.5%85.0%50.0%70.0%37.5%95.0%85.0%87.5%
H Enactment N=2412.5%33.3%83.3%91.7%87.5%79.2%100.0%91.7%50.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%
N=45 N=40 N=24
Tziki71.1%82.5%12.5%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Beni46.7%42.5%33.3%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Reli80.0%80.0%83.3%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
Lian71.1%85.0%91.7%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Orit51.1%42.5%87.5%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Adi82.2%85.0%79.2%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
Dadi75.6%37.5%50.0%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Aki71.1%70.0%91.7%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Shlomi73.3%50.0%100.0%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
69.1%63.9%69.9%88.9%89.2%100.0%
12.2%20.4%30.5%11.7%4.5%0.0%
Im605
Ef601
Mf602
Af509
Nm509
Em505SeqSim
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
N=2281.8%86.4%90.9%Sentence completion E N=2282%86%82%82%77%91%
N=26100.0%100.0%100.0%Imitation E N=26100%100%96%81%88%100%
N=4573.3%95.6%97.8%Sentence completion H N=4573%96%91%98%100%98%
N=4095.0%85.0%87.5%Imitation H N=4095%85%83%95%95%88%
N=24100.0%100.0%100.0%Enactment H N=24100%100%100%100%100%100%
90.9%93.2%95.5%0.9615384615
89.4%93.5%95.1%
0.950.8846153846
90.0%93.4%95.2%
5.56.26.10.95
2.03.06.0
0.81818181820.9777777778
0.8076923077
N=22 N=26 N=45 N=40 N=24
45.5%69.2%71.1%82.5%12.5%61.9%47.5%56.2%5.62
68.2%84.6%46.7%42.5%33.3%66.5%37.9%55.1%5.83
81.8%96.2%80.0%80.0%83.3%86.0%81.7%84.3%6.64
50.0%46.2%71.1%85.0%91.7%55.8%88.3%68.8%5.52
68.2%53.8%51.1%42.5%87.5%57.7%65.0%60.6%6.23.5
31.8%38.5%82.2%85.0%79.2%50.8%82.1%63.3%6.92
45.5%38.5%75.6%37.5%50.0%53.2%43.8%49.4%6.62
22.7%19.2%71.1%70.0%91.7%37.7%80.8%54.9%5.64
13.6%42.3%73.3%50.0%100.0%43.1%75.0%55.9%5.64
0.900.930.950.560.550.840.690.610.630.490.550.56
5.56.26.15.65.86.65.56.26.96.65.65.6
23623423.52244
6.96.66.66.26.26.15.85.65.65.65.55.5
0.630.490.840.930.610.950.550.560.550.560.900.69
22433.56324422
64443.53322222
0.950.550.560.840.610.930.550.560.900.690.630.49
91%93%95%62%66%86%56%58%51%53%38%43%
89%94%95%48%38%82%88%65%82%44%81%75%
5.56.26.15.65.86.65.56.26.96.65.65.6
23623423.52244
64443.53322222
95%43%86%38%58%66%93%51%53%56%62%91%
95%75%82%81%65%38%94%82%44%88%48%89%
6.96.66.66.26.26.15.85.65.65.65.55.5
51%53%86%58%93%95%66%62%38%43%91%56%
82%44%82%65%94%95%38%48%81%75%89%88%
E Sentence completion N=22
E Imitation N=26
English total target responses by task per child
H Sentence completion N=45
H Imitation N=40
H Enactment N=24
Hebrew total target responses by task per child
E Sentence completion N=22
E Imitation N=26
H Sentence completion N=45
H Imitation N=40
H Enactment N=24
Total target responses by task per child
Cm506
Bm509
Rf606
L505
Of603
Af609
Dm606
Am506
Sm506
N=22
N=26
N=45
N=40
N=24
Sentence completion E N=22
Imitation E N=26
Sentence completion H N=45
Imitation H N=40
Enactment H N=24
TD Rate of Target Responses by Task (in Percentage)
(ing) [N=16]000000012
[N=16]220100011
[N=6]100000221
[N=16]303108116710
(ing) [N=26]000000042
[N=26]000100100
[N=10]310000100
[N=16]1001081110118
[N=42]001000000
[N=42]321221420
[N=42]341442134
[N=42]040100100
[N=42]6103763654
[N=45]41143105636
-
100120001
052352827
300050631
011121040
072081838
-
600010010
784002400
882100500
(ing) [N=16]
[N=16]
[N=6]
[N=16]
(ing) [N=26]
[N=26]
[N=10]
[N=16]
[N=42]
[N=42]
[N=42]
[N=42]
0.45454545450.69230769230.71111111110.8250.125
0.68181818180.84615384620.46666666670.4250.3333333333
0.81818181820.96153846150.80.80.8333333333
0.50.46153846150.71111111110.850.9166666667
0.68181818180.53846153850.51111111110.4250.875
0.31818181820.38461538460.82222222220.850.7916666667
0.45454545450.38461538460.75555555560.3750.5
0.22727272730.19230769230.71111111110.70.9166666667
0.13636363640.42307692310.73333333330.51
N=22
N=26
N=45
N=40
N=24
0.45454545450.68181818180.81818181820.50.68181818180.31818181820.45454545450.22727272730.1363636364
0.69230769230.84615384620.96153846150.46153846150.53846153850.38461538460.38461538460.19230769230.4230769231
0.71111111110.46666666670.80.71111111110.51111111110.82222222220.75555555560.71111111110.7333333333
0.8250.4250.80.850.4250.850.3750.70.5
0.1250.33333333330.83333333330.91666666670.8750.79166666670.50.91666666671
[N=42]
[N=45]
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDA-TD
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
1st sg12.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%25.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%12.5%1st sg100120100
1st pl0.0%12.5%12.5%12.5%25.0%12.5%0.0%50.0%0.0%1st pl011121040
2nd ms0.0%62.5%25.0%37.5%62.5%25.0%100.0%25.0%87.5%2nd ms052352728
2nd fm37.5%0.0%0.0%0.0%62.5%0.0%75.0%37.5%12.5%2nd fm300050136
2nd pl0.0%87.5%25.0%0.0%100.0%12.5%100.0%37.5%100.0%2nd pl072081838
2 3rd person1st & other1st & 3rdMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sg3124318316822
12.5%50.0%16.7%12.5%75.0%12.5%91.7%33.3%66.7%
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDA-TD
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%15.4%7.7%V+ing for 3rd [N=26]000000240
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%Wrong tense [N=26]000100001
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]30.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong 3rd person [N=10]310000001
Root Infinitives [N=16]6.3%0.0%0.0%62.5%50.0%68.8%62.5%68.8%50.0%Root Infinitives [N=16]1001081181110
English ImitationE-TDH-TDA-TD
SeqSimCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef6012nd Person Errors in Hebrew3124318316822
3rd person001220Root Infinitives in English1001081181110
past tense0003102nd Person Errors in Hebrew13%50%17%13%75%13%92%33%67%
Root Infinitives001530Root Infinitives in English6%0%0%63%50%69%50%69%63%
0%0%13%31%19%0%
Hebrew Imitation
SeqSim
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
1st sg000001
1st pl000000
2nd ms122100
2nd fm012011
2nd pl133113
267224
1st sg000000.125
1st pl000000
2nd ms0.1250.250.250.12500
2nd fm00.1250.2500.1250.125
2nd pl0.1250.3750.3750.1250.1250.375
8%25%29%8%8%17%
Hebrew Imitation
SeqTDSim-TDE-TDH-TDA-TD
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601Cm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
2nd Person Errors in Hebrew8%25%29%8%8%17%13%50%17%13%75%13%92%33%67%
Root Infinitives in English0%0%13%31%19%0%6%0%0%63%50%69%50%69%63%
Sim-TDSeqTDE-TDH-TDA-TD
Nm509Af509Ef601Em505Mf602Im605Cm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
2nd Person Errors in Hebrew8%8%17%8%25%29%13%50%17%13%75%13%92%33%67%
Root Infinitives in English31%19%0%0%0%13%6%0%0%63%50%69%50%69%63%
Root Infinitives in English
2nd Person Errors in Hebrew
2nd Person Errors in Hebrew
Root Infinitives in English
Indicative errors at-risk children
2nd Person Errors in Hebrew
Root Infinitives in English
indicative errors - TD
2nd Person Errors in Hebrew
Root Infinitives in English
Indicaive errors
9
Engligh- total target responses by task
E-TDH-TDA-TD
Mf401Am411Cm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606EliMiciEfi
E Sentence completion N=2250.0%22.7%45.5%68.2%81.8%50.0%68.2%31.8%13.6%22.7%45.5%81.8%86.4%90.9%
E Imitation N=2680.8%69.2%69.2%84.6%96.2%46.2%53.8%38.5%42.3%19.2%38.5%100.0%100.0%100.0%
N=22 N=26
Tziki45.5%69.2%Eli81.8%100.0%
Beni68.2%84.6%Mici86.4%100.0%
Reli81.8%96.2%Efi90.9%100.0%
Lian50.0%46.2%Eli81.8%100.0%
Orit68.2%53.8%Mici86.4%100.0%
Adi31.8%38.5%Efi90.9%100.0%
Dadi45.5%38.5%Eli81.8%100.0%
Aki22.7%19.2%Mici86.4%100.0%
Shlomi13.6%42.3%Efi90.9%100.0%
47.5%54.3%86.4%100.0%
22.5%24.6%3.9%0.0%
Hebrew - total target responses by task
E-TDH-TDA-TD
Mf401Am411Cm504Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm607EliMiciEfi
H Sentence completion N=4533.3%24.4%71.1%46.7%80.0%71.1%51.1%82.2%73.3%71.1%75.6%73.3%95.6%97.8%
H Imitation N=4085.0%45.0%82.5%42.5%80.0%85.0%42.5%85.0%50.0%70.0%37.5%95.0%85.0%87.5%
H Enactment N=2412.5%0.0%12.5%33.3%83.3%91.7%87.5%79.2%100.0%91.7%50.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%
N=45 N=40 N=24
Tziki71.1%82.5%12.5%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Beni46.7%42.5%33.3%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Reli80.0%80.0%83.3%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
Lian71.1%85.0%91.7%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Orit51.1%42.5%87.5%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Adi82.2%85.0%79.2%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
Dadi75.6%37.5%50.0%Eli73.3%95.0%100.0%
Aki71.1%70.0%91.7%Mici95.6%85.0%100.0%
Shlomi73.3%50.0%100.0%Efi97.8%87.5%100.0%
69.1%63.9%69.9%88.9%89.2%100.0%
12.2%20.4%30.5%11.7%4.5%0.0%
Im605
Ef601
Mf602
Af509
Nm509
Em505SeqSim
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
N=2281.8%86.4%90.9%Sentence completion E N=2282%86%82%82%77%91%
N=26100.0%100.0%100.0%Imitation E N=26100%100%96%81%88%100%
N=4573.3%95.6%97.8%Sentence completion H N=4573%96%91%98%100%98%
N=4095.0%85.0%87.5%Imitation H N=4095%85%83%95%95%88%
N=24100.0%100.0%100.0%Enactment H N=24100%100%100%100%100%100%
90.9%93.2%95.5%0.9615384615
89.4%93.5%95.1%
0.950.8846153846
90.0%93.4%95.2%
5.56.26.10.95
2.03.06.0
0.81818181820.9777777778
0.8076923077
N=22 N=26 N=45 N=40 N=24
45.5%69.2%71.1%82.5%12.5%61.9%47.5%56.2%5.62
68.2%84.6%46.7%42.5%33.3%66.5%37.9%55.1%5.83
81.8%96.2%80.0%80.0%83.3%86.0%81.7%84.3%6.64
50.0%46.2%71.1%85.0%91.7%55.8%88.3%68.8%5.52
68.2%53.8%51.1%42.5%87.5%57.7%65.0%60.6%6.23.5
31.8%38.5%82.2%85.0%79.2%50.8%82.1%63.3%6.92
45.5%38.5%75.6%37.5%50.0%53.2%43.8%49.4%6.62
22.7%19.2%71.1%70.0%91.7%37.7%80.8%54.9%5.64
13.6%42.3%73.3%50.0%100.0%43.1%75.0%55.9%5.64
0.900.930.950.560.550.840.690.610.630.490.550.56
5.56.26.15.65.86.65.56.26.96.65.65.6
23623423.52244
6.96.66.66.26.26.15.85.65.65.65.55.5
0.630.490.840.930.610.950.550.560.550.560.900.69
22433.56324422
64443.53322222
0.950.550.560.840.610.930.550.560.900.690.630.49
91%93%95%62%66%86%56%58%51%53%38%43%
89%94%95%48%38%82%88%65%82%44%81%75%
5.56.26.15.65.86.65.56.26.96.65.65.6
23623423.52244
64443.53322222
95%43%86%38%58%66%93%51%53%56%62%91%
95%75%82%81%65%38%94%82%44%88%48%89%
6.96.66.66.26.26.15.85.65.65.65.55.5
51%53%86%58%93%95%66%62%38%43%91%56%
82%44%82%65%94%95%38%48%81%75%89%88%
E Sentence completion N=22
E Imitation N=26
English total target responses by task per child
H Sentence completion N=45
H Imitation N=40
H Enactment N=24
Hebrew total target responses by task per child
E Sentence completion N=22
E Imitation N=26
H Sentence completion N=45
H Imitation N=40
H Enactment N=24
Total target responses by task per child
0.81818181820.86363636360.9090909091
111
0.73333333330.95555555560.9777777778
0.950.850.875
111
0.45454545450.68181818180.81818181820.50.68181818180.31818181820.45454545450.22727272730.1363636364
0.69230769230.84615384620.96153846150.46153846150.53846153850.38461538460.38461538460.19230769230.4230769231
0.71111111110.46666666670.80.71111111110.51111111110.82222222220.75555555560.71111111110.7333333333
0.8250.4250.80.850.4250.850.3750.70.5
0.1250.33333333330.83333333330.91666666670.8750.79166666670.50.91666666671
Cm506
Bm509
Rf606
L505
Of603
Af609
Dm606
Am506
Sm506
0.45454545450.68181818180.81818181820.50.68181818180.31818181820.45454545450.22727272730.1363636364
0.69230769230.84615384620.96153846150.46153846150.53846153850.38461538460.38461538460.19230769230.4230769231
0.71111111110.46666666670.80.71111111110.51111111110.82222222220.75555555560.71111111110.7333333333
0.8250.4250.80.850.4250.850.3750.70.5
0.1250.33333333330.83333333330.91666666670.8750.79166666670.50.91666666671
0.45454545450.69230769230.71111111110.8250.125
0.68181818180.84615384620.46666666670.4250.3333333333
0.81818181820.96153846150.80.80.8333333333
0.50.46153846150.71111111110.850.9166666667
0.68181818180.53846153850.51111111110.4250.875
0.31818181820.38461538460.82222222220.850.7916666667
0.45454545450.38461538460.75555555560.3750.5
0.22727272730.19230769230.71111111110.70.9166666667
0.13636363640.42307692310.73333333330.51
N=22
N=26
N=45
N=40
N=24
0.6333372183
0.4939432789
0.8426107226
0.9338383838
0.6062781663
0.9523737374
0.5505944056
0.5615928516
0.5494716395
0.5585547786
0.9003030303
0.6878632479
0.9523737374
0.5494716395
0.5585547786
0.8426107226
0.6062781663
0.9338383838
0.5505944056
0.5615928516
0.9003030303
0.6878632479
0.6333372183
0.4939432789
0.90909090910.8944444444
0.93181818180.9351851852
0.95454545450.9509259259
0.61932141930.475
0.66487956490.3791666667
0.85990675990.8166666667
0.55754985750.8833333333
0.57713027710.65
0.50833980830.8208333333
0.53157213160.4375
0.37689717690.8083333333
0.43092463090.75
0.95454545450.9509259259
0.43092463090.75
0.85990675990.8166666667
0.37689717690.8083333333
0.57713027710.65
0.66487956490.3791666667
0.93181818180.9351851852
0.50833980830.8208333333
0.53157213160.4375
0.55754985750.8833333333
0.61932141930.475
0.90909090910.8944444444
0.50833980830.8208333333
0.53157213160.4375
0.85990675990.8166666667
0.57713027710.65
0.93181818180.9351851852
0.95454545450.9509259259
0.66487956490.3791666667
0.61932141930.475
0.37689717690.8083333333
0.43092463090.75
0.90909090910.8944444444
0.55754985750.8833333333
0.818181818210.73333333330.951
0.863636363610.95555555560.851
0.81818181820.96153846150.91111111110.8251
0.81818181820.80769230770.97777777780.951
0.77272727270.884615384610.951
0.909090909110.97777777780.8751
Sentence completion E N=22
Imitation E N=26
Sentence completion H N=45
Imitation H N=40
Enactment H N=24
TD Rate of Target Responses by Task (in Percentage)
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDA-TD
Mf401Am411Cm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%9.1%6.3%0.0%V+ing [N=16000000012
Wrong tense [N=16]18.8%0.0%12.5%12.5%0.0%6.3%0.0%0.0%6.3%6.3%0.0%Wrong tense [N=16]220100011
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]16.7%16.7%16.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%16.7%33.3%33.3%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]100000221
Root Infinitives [N=16]43.8%75.0%18.8%0.0%18.8%62.5%50.0%68.8%62.5%43.8%37.5%Root Infinitives [N=16]303108116710
Total6231181181114N=16
Tziki32Eli
Beni00Mici
Reli31Efi
Lian102Eli
Orit80Mici
Adi111Efi
Dadi62Eli
Aki70Mici
Shlomi101Efi
61
3.77859468290.8660254038
sentence completion - Hebrew
MimiArikTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
Root Infinitives [N=42]4.8%2.4%0.0%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Root Infinitives [N=42]001000000
Wrong tense [N=42]14.3%4.8%6.7%4.4%2.4%4.8%4.8%2.4%8.9%4.8%0.0%Wrong tense [N=42]321221420
wrong gender [N=42]21.4%16.7%7.1%9.5%2.4%9.5%9.5%4.8%2.4%7.1%9.5%wrong gender [N=42]341442134
Wrong Number [N=42]7.1%31.0%0.0%9.5%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%Wrong Number [N=42]040100100
wrong conjugation [N=45]4.4%26.7%2.2%24.4%2.2%2.2%15.6%8.9%2.2%0.0%6.7%wrong conjugation [N=45]41143105636
Total52.1%81.4%16.0%47.9%9.4%18.9%29.8%16.0%15.9%11.9%16.2%Total102171016812810
error rate for the different conjugations
MimiArikTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%15.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%26.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%15.4%4.7%Pi'el [N=13]002041224
Hitpa'el [N=12]16.7%50.0%8.3%83.3%0.0%8.3%30.8%8.3%8.3%0.0%0.0%16.4%Hitpa'el [N=12]1101341310
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%60.0%0.0%20.0%20.0%0.0%20.0%60.0%0.0%0.0%20.0%15.6%Hif'il [N=5]211023102
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDA-TD
MimiArikTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
1st sg75.0%100.0%66.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%12.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%0.0%1st sg600010010
2nd ms100.0%100.0%87.5%100.0%50.0%0.0%0.0%25.0%50.0%0.0%0.0%2nd ms784002004
2nd fm100.0%100.0%100.0%91.7%25.0%12.5%0.0%0.0%62.5%0.0%0.0%2nd fm882100005
All 3rd personAll 3rd personAll 3rd personMostly 3rd personAll 3rd persongender3rd person3rd personAll 3rd3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDA-TD
MimiArikTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
1st sg0.0%12.5%12.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%25.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%12.5%1st sg100120100
2nd ms0.0%66.7%0.0%62.5%25.0%37.5%62.5%25.0%100.0%25.0%87.5%2nd ms052352728
2nd fm12.5%37.5%37.5%0.0%0.0%0.0%62.5%0.0%75.0%37.5%12.5%2nd fm300050136
1st pl0.0%28.6%0.0%12.5%12.5%12.5%25.0%12.5%0.0%50.0%0.0%1st pl011121040
2nd pl12.5%62.5%0.0%87.5%25.0%0.0%100.0%12.5%100.0%37.5%100.0%2nd pl072081838
2 3rd person1st & other1st & 3rdMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sg
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDA-TD
MimiArikTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%15.4%7.7%V+ing for 3rd [N=26]000000240
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%Wrong tense [N=26]000100001
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]10.0%10.0%30.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong 3rd person [N=10]310000001
Root Infinitives [N=16]12.5%18.8%6.3%0.0%0.0%62.5%50.0%68.8%62.5%68.8%50.0%Root Infinitives [N=16]1001081181110
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDA-TD
Cm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%9.1%6.3%0.0%V+ing [N=16000000012
Wrong tense [N=16]12.5%12.5%0.0%6.3%0.0%0.0%6.3%6.3%0.0%Wrong tense [N=16]220100011
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]16.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%16.7%33.3%33.3%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]100000221
Root Infinitives [N=16]18.8%0.0%18.8%62.5%50.0%68.8%62.5%43.8%37.5%Root Infinitives [N=16]303108116710
Total6231181181114N=16
Tziki32Eli
Beni00Mici
Reli31Efi
Lian102Eli
Orit80Mici
Adi111Efi
Dadi62Eli
Aki70Mici
Shlomi101Efi
61
3.77859468290.8660254038
sentence completion - Hebrew
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
Root Infinitives [N=42]0.0%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Root Infinitives [N=42]001000000
Wrong tense [N=42]6.7%4.4%2.4%4.8%4.8%2.4%8.9%4.8%0.0%Wrong tense [N=42]321221420
wrong gender [N=42]7.1%9.5%2.4%9.5%9.5%4.8%2.4%7.1%9.5%wrong gender [N=42]341442134
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%9.5%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%Wrong Number [N=42]040100100
wrong conjugation [N=45]2.2%24.4%2.2%2.2%15.6%8.9%2.2%0.0%6.7%wrong conjugation [N=45]41143105636
Total16.0%47.9%9.4%18.9%29.8%16.0%15.9%11.9%16.2%Total102171016812810
error rate for the different conjugations
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiTzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomi
Pi'el [N=13]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%26.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%15.4%4.7%Pi'el [N=13]002041224
Hitpa'el [N=12]8.3%83.3%0.0%8.3%30.8%8.3%8.3%0.0%0.0%16.4%Hitpa'el [N=12]1101341310
Hif'il [N=5]0.0%20.0%20.0%0.0%20.0%60.0%0.0%0.0%20.0%15.6%Hif'il [N=5]211023102
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDA-TD
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
1st sg66.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%12.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%0.0%1st sg600010010
2nd ms87.5%100.0%50.0%0.0%0.0%25.0%50.0%0.0%0.0%2nd ms784002004
2nd fm100.0%91.7%25.0%12.5%0.0%0.0%62.5%0.0%0.0%2nd fm882100005
All 3rd personMostly 3rd personAll 3rd persongender3rd person3rd personAll 3rd3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDA-TD
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
1st sg12.5%0.0%0.0%12.5%25.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%12.5%1st sg100120100
2nd ms0.0%62.5%25.0%37.5%62.5%25.0%100.0%25.0%87.5%2nd ms052352728
2nd fm37.5%0.0%0.0%0.0%62.5%0.0%75.0%37.5%12.5%2nd fm300050136
1st pl0.0%12.5%12.5%12.5%25.0%12.5%0.0%50.0%0.0%1st pl011121040
2nd pl0.0%87.5%25.0%0.0%100.0%12.5%100.0%37.5%100.0%2nd pl072081838
2 3rd person1st & other1st & 3rdMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sgMostly 1st sg
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDA-TD
TzikiBeniReliLianOritAdiDadiAkiShlomiCm506Bm509Rf606L505Of603Af609Sm506Am506Dm606
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%15.4%7.7%V+ing for 3rd [N=26]000000240
Wrong tense [N=26]0.0%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%3.8%0.0%0.0%Wrong tense [N=26]000100001
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]30.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%10.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong 3rd person [N=10]310000001
Root Infinitives [N=16]6.3%0.0%0.0%62.5%50.0%68.8%62.5%68.8%50.0%Root Infinitives [N=16]1001081181110
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Error rate (mostly 3rd) by target person
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of errors out of total responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Number of erroneous responses
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Number of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Number of errors by conjugation
111
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Number of error (mostly 3rd person) by target person
11111
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Number of errors by target person
1111
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Number of errors of total responses
V+ing for 3rd [N=26]
Wrong tense [N=26]
Wrong 3rd person [N=10]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Frequency of Error Types
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
Frequency of errors (mostly 3rd person) by target person
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Frequency of Errors by Target Person
sentence completion English
TD BSSeqSim
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfiEm505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
V+ing [N=160.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%V+ing [N=160000V+ing [N=160000000
Wrong tense [N=16]12.5%12.5%6.3%10.4%Wrong tense [N=16]2215Wrong tense [N=16]2200015
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]0.0%16.7%0.0%5.6%Wrong 3rd person [N=6]0101Wrong 3rd person [N=6]0112105
Root Infinitives [N=16]12.5%0.0%6.3%6.3%Root Infinitives [N=16]2013Root Infinitives [N=16]20324112
432943445222
0.1363636364
0.125
0.1388888889
0.0520833333
sentence completion - Hebrew
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfiSeqSim
Root Infinitives [N=42]2.4%2.4%0.0%1.6%Root Infinitives [N=42]1102Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
Wrong tense [N=42]4.8%2.4%0.0%2.4%Wrong tense [N=42]2103Root Infinitives [N=42]110000
wrong gender [N=42]9.5%0.0%2.4%4.0%wrong gender [N=42]4015Wrong tense [N=42]211000
Wrong Number [N=42]0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Wrong Number [N=42]0000wrong gender [N=42]403101
wrong conjugation [N=45]11.1%0.0%0.0%3.7%wrong conjugation [N=45]5005Wrong Number [N=42]000000
1221150.1111111111
error rate for the different conjugations
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfi
Pi'el [N=13]15.4%0.0%0.0%5.1%Pi'el [N=13]2002
Hitpa'el [N=12]16.7%0.0%0.0%5.6%Hitpa'el [N=12]2002
Hif'il [N=5]20.0%0.0%0.0%6.7%Hif'il [N=5]1001
50050.1111111111
Hebrew Enactment
EliMiciEfiTD
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
No errors
Hebrew-Imitation
EliMiciEfiTDEliMiciEfi
1st sg0.0%0.0%12.5%4.2%1st sg0011
2nd ms12.5%25.0%0.0%12.5%2nd ms1203
2nd fm0.0%12.5%12.5%8.3%2nd fm0112
1st pl0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%1st pl0000
2nd pl12.5%37.5%37.5%29.2%2nd pl1337
265130.325
Hebrew Imitation
SeqSim
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
1st sg000001
2nd ms122100
2nd fm012011
1st pl000000
2nd pl133113
267225
1st sg000000.125
1st pl000000
2nd ms0.1250.250.250.12500
2nd fm00.1250.2500.1250.125
EliMiciEfi2nd pl0.1250.3750.3750.1250.1250.375
English - ImitationE Sentence completion N=2281.8%86.4%90.9%8%25%29%8%8%17%
E Imitation N=26100.0%100.0%100.0%
EliMiciEfiTDH Sentence completion N=4573.3%95.6%97.8%
V+ing for 3rdH Imitation N=4095.0%85.0%87.5%
Wrong tenseH Enactment N=24100.0%100.0%100.0%
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
No errors
English Imitation
SeqSim
Em505Mf602Im605Nm509Af509Ef601
3rd person001220
past tense000310
Root infinitives000
0
0
0
0
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Percentage of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Error rate by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Error rate by target person
0202
0210
0101
V+ing [N=16
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Number of erroneous responses
12405
11000
00100
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Wrong Number [N=42]
wrong conjugation [N=45]
Number of erroneous responses
Pi'el [N=13]
Hitpa'el [N=12]
Hif'il [N=5]
Number of errors by conjugation
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Number of errors by target person
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
Sentence Completion - English: Type of Erroneous Responses (in Numbers)
Root Infinitives [N=42]
Wrong tense [N=42]
wrong gender [N=42]
Sentence Completion - Hebrew: Type of Erroneous Responses (in Numbers)
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Hebrew
3rd person
past tense
English
Types of errors - EnglishV-ing: The cat hops and the dog hoppingWrong tense: Here the boy jumps and the girl jumpedWrong 3rd person: The cat hops and the dogs hopsRoot infinitives: The cat hops and the dog hop
Types of Errors - HebrewRoot infinitivesWrong tense past for present or vice versaWrong gender masculine for feminineWrong number singular for pluralWrong person 1st person for 2nd person and or versa
TD - Sentence Completion Task: Frequency of Error Types5/96 wrong tense, 12/96 person and tense omission (Root Infinitives), (13%) wrong 3rd person with plural subject2/252 infinitive, 4/252 wrong tense, 9/256 wrong gender (all present, feminine, plural [N=24])
Chart1
202
210
013
022
014
101
Wrong tense [N=16]
Wrong 3rd person [N=6]
Root Infinitives [N=16]
English
6 at risk kids
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing0%0%7%
Wrong tense6%12%12%
Wrong 3rd person8%16%24%
Root Infinitives19%47%53%
sentence completion - Hebrew
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Root Infinitives1.2%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense5.0%3.8%2.5%
wrong gender0.0%8.0%8.0%
wrong conjugation5.5%17.0%5.5%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el6.5%17.0%13.0%
Hitpa'el7.5%19.0%0.0%
Hif'il10.0%50.0%10.0%
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg37.50%12.50%6.25%
2nd ms62.50%12.50%0.00%
2nd fm62.50%0.00%0.00%
2nd pl6.25%0.00%0.00%
3 conjugation errors
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
1st sg6.25%6.25%6.25%
2nd ms6.25%43.75%56.25%
2nd fm25%31.25%25%
1st pl6.25%18.75%25%
2nd pl12.50%56.25%68.75%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
Conjugation errors in E-TD and H-TD
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TD
V+ing for 3rd0.00%0.00%37.50%
Wrong tense0.00%0.00%0.00%
Wrong 3rd person25.00%0.00%0.00%
Root Infinitives3.12%60.00%60.00%
6 at risk kids
0000
0000
0000
V+ing
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Sentence Completion - EnglishPercentage of erroneous responses
9AR+6TD
0000
0000
0000
Root Infinitives
Wrong tense
wrong gender
wrong conjugation
Sentence completion - Hebrew
3No-TD BS
000
000
000
Pi'el
Hitpa'el
Hif'il
Error rate by conjugation
3H-TD BS
0000
0000
0000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
2nd pl
Enactment - HebrewError (mostly 3rd person) rate by target person
3E-TD BS
00000
00000
00000
1st sg
2nd ms
2nd fm
1st pl
2nd pl
Imitation - Hebrew
Sum TD and At risk
0000
0000
0000
V+ing for 3rd
Wrong tense
Wrong 3rd person
Root Infinitives
Imitation - English
6 TD and 9 at risk success
sentence completion English
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
V+ing0%0%4%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense8%4%4%10.4%0.0%4.2%
Wrong 3rd person6%11%28%5.6%27.8%17.0%
Root Infinitives13%50%48%6.3%60.4%33.0%
sentence completion - Hebrew
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
Root Infinitives0.8%0.0%0.0%0.8%0.0%0.0%
Wrong tense4.4%4.4%5.9%2.4%1.5%1.8%
wrong gender6.3%7.9%7.1%4.0%0.0%6.0%
Wrong Number3.2%0.8%0.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%
wrong conjugation8.9%8.9%3.0%3.7%0.0%1.5%
error rate for the different conjugations
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
Pi'el0.0%9.8%5.1%5.1%0.0%2.5%
Hitpa'el30.6%16.7%2.8%5.6%0.0%4.1%
Hif'il13.3%26.7%6.7%6.7%0.0%3.4%
Hebrew Enactment
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
1st sg24.00%4.17%4.17%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd ms75.00%8.33%16.67%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd fm72.41%4.17%20.83%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Mostly 3rdMostly 3rdMostly 3rd
Hebrew-Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
1st sg4.17%16.67%4.17%4.2%4.2%4.2%
2nd ms29.17%41.67%68.00%12.5%4.2%8.3%
2nd fm13%20.83%42%8.3%4.2%6.2%
1st pl8.33%16.67%17%0.0%0.0%0.0%
2nd pl37.50%37.50%79.17%29.2%12.5%16.2%
Mostly 1stMostly 1stMostly 1st
7/9 one boy8/9 one girl
English - Imitation
E-TDH-TDNo-TDTD-BSTD=KGTD-All
V+ing for 3rd0.00%0.00%12.50%0.00%8.3%4.1%
Wrong tense0.00%2.08%0.00%0.00%0.0%0.0%
Wrong 3rd person13.33%0.00%3.33%0.00%0.0%0.0%
Root Infinitives2.08%60.42%60.42%0.0%35.4%17.6%
6 TD and 9 at risk success
0000
0000
V+ing
Wrong tens
Recommended