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Classical Music
Stephenson
The Classical Era: A shift from:
• Polyphonic to homophonic texture
• Program to absolute music
• Ritornello and improvisation to clearer structure
• Harpsichord to Piano
Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven
Theme and Variations
• A - A1 - A2 - A3 - An
• Example: Haydn: Symphony 94 2nd mvt.
Sonata form
• Exposition: Two themes
• Development: Variations on themes
• Recapitulation: Return to beginning
• Example: Mozart Piano Sonata #15
Symphony
• Whole Orchestra
• 4 Movements
• Examples:
• Haydn: #94
• Beethoven #5
Quartet
• 2 Violins 1 viola and 1
cello
• 4 Movements
• Invented by Haydn
Mozart
Mozart
• Child Prodigy
• Master of the existing
forms
Mozart Operas
• Marriage of Figaro
• Magic Flute
• Many more
Beethoven
• Expanded the symphony
• A bridge between Classicism and
Romanticism
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