Why to reduce dwell time?€¦ · Dr. Bernhard Rüger / bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at / DI. Doris...

Influence of railway interiors on dwell time and punctuality

Dr. Bernhard Rüger and DI. Doris Tuna University Assistant

Institute for Railway Engineering, Traffic Economics and Ropeways Vienna University of Technology

Dr. Bernhard Rüger / bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at DI. Doris Tuna / doris.tuna@tuwien.ac.at

Why to reduce dwell time?

Trains often run late on main travel days à punctuality

Without changing schedule (same travel time): shorter dwell time à longer running time àlower velocity .

à potentials for saving energy

Influence – areas in the vehicle

Entrance

Entrance area – Retention room

seating area – vehicle interiors

Gap between plattform and first step Number of steps

Door width Step ratio

Influence – entrance

Vehicle based

handicaps

passenger based

luggage

Combination

acces height baby carriages luggage

size (children) age/handicaps

Medianwerte der Einzel zeit

Einstieg

Median of the single time [sec]

Children < 10 years Juveniles/grown ups 10 65 years

Older people >65years

0 steps 1 steps 2 steps 3 steps 4 steps

Boarding

Medianwerte der Einzel zeit

Einstieg

Median of the single time [sec]

Children < 10 years Juveniles/grown ups 10 65 years

Older people >65years

0 steps 1 steps 2 steps 3 steps 4 steps

Boarding

number of steps + age

Optimizing passenger exchange

Dr. Bernhard Rüger / bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at / DI. Doris Tuna / doris.tuna@tuwien.ac.at

Main influence: Luggage causes troubles:

• when boarding the train • moving along in the train

• when storing

⇒ Aftereffect: Passengers behave the way, to reduce their own problems, but enlarge other passengers‘ or the

railway company‘s difficulties!

Influence/ whole boarding process

Actual passenger behaviour

If it is possible somehow: à Luggage is stored on floor level à Luggage is stored nearby

Passengers want to • avoid lifting their luggage!

• have visual contact of their own luggage!

Aftereffect: • Luggage is stored on/ before seats, in the aisle, etc.

à Comfort restrictions à Lower number of actual available seats à Problems when moving along in a train

Luggage

Average: 1 piece of luggage per passenger (0.6 one day trip; 1.2 holiday maker)

Trolley ~3060% Travel bag ~1030% Rucksack ~2030%

+ ~40% hand luggage

11 Vehicle relating potentials of improvement for reducing the stopovertime

Dr. Bernhard Rüger / bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at / DI. Doris Tuna / doris.tuna@tuwien.ac.at ideale Zeit [sec]

50,0 25,0 0,0

Ideal boarding time [sec]

Actual boarding time [sec]

Entrance area with luggage stores

Time need without designing influence

conflict tailback

1st problem: NO VISUAL CONTACT

ideal: 45sec

actual: +80sec sum: 125sec

Sum of time need of each passenger (only entrance àage, luggage, step, ect.)

50,0 25,0 0,0

technic

air cond.

Simple entrance area

tailback

ideal: 45sec

actual: +65sec

sum: 110sec

50,0 25,0 0,0

Larger retention room

tailback arises later!

Big entrance area

ideal: 45sec

actual: +40sec

sum: 85sec

50,0 25,0 0,0

Entrance area of an IC2000 Entrance area of an IC2000

Large retention room + split up of passenger flow à More people can board

in the same time

Disadvantage:

steps – small tailback

ideal: 45sec

actual: +25sec

sum: 70sec

50,0 25,0 0,0

The passenger flow can split in two directions

(+ no steps)

Entrance area with seats on both sides – IC3

ideal: 45sec = actual

Seating area Coach interiors

influences vehicle based passenger based

• aisle width • seat arrangement • luggage storrage • door location

• agility • luggage

interaction

Coach interiors – interactions (examples)

Coach interiors Aisle width

general Problems:

own luggage luggage in the aisle

Oncomming passengers

~50 cm

~60 cm

~40%à 5060cm

~40% rotate

aisle width smaller than 60cm

often 50 – 54 cm

Many trolleys are wider than 50 cm

often 50 – 54 cm

23 Optimizing passenger exchange

55 cm 0 %

Aisle width problems

problems

0 % 40 cm 60 cm

aisle width

aisle width wider than 60cm

Most trollys are smaller than 60cm

Dr. Bernhard Rüger / bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at / DI. Doris Tuna / doris.tuna@tuwien.ac.at Personenanzahl 50 40 30 20 10 0

tatsächliche Zeit [sec]

Aisle width >60cm

Aisle width <60cm

Aisle width >60cm Aisle width >60cm

Aisle width <60cm

Number of persons

larger than 60 cm

smaller than 60 cm

Coach interiors Seat arrangements

Row seating Visavis seating Mixed arrangements Compartments

+ several luggage storrage concepts

Coach interiors Row seating

1st problem: aisle width

2nd problem: only overhad racks NO SPACE on floor level

needs a LONG TIME!

Storing luggage

Effiziente Reisezugwagengestaltung / Dr. Bernhard Rüger / bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at

Height of overhead rack

Lugage weight

Large torque, large force!

Width of seats, large diagonal

Safety risk for sitting passengers

185200cm 185200cm Large exertion Safety risks

à negativ sensation

1530kg

Many large items are stored on floor levelà ON or BEFORE SEATS / IN THE AISLE

! Seats are blocked! Hindrance in the aisle

à Time need

3rd problem: oncoming passengers

No passing room

Tailback after view passengers, long time need

Luggage in aisle, on seats Oncoming passengers Overhed luggage storrage

Coach interiors Row seating + luggage rack near entrance

Tailback after view passengers, long time need

No visual contact

Coach interiors Row seating + luggage rack in the middle

Long way, many hindrances

better visual contact but long view distance

Coach interiors luggage rack in the quarter point

Shorter way, less conflicts

better visual contact but long view distance

row seating– time need

150,0 100,0 50,0 0,0

Seats standing neatly in a row

Compartment coaches

Opposite seats

Opposite seats in an IC2000

Ideal time [sec]

Actual time [sec]

row seating

Coach interiors Visavis seating

Luggage stroring between the seats

enough space required à Very fast and easy storing

Coach interiors Visavis seating

+ Passing points

Oncoming passengers

Seat arrangements

150,0 100,0 50,0 0,0

Compartment coaches

Opposite seats

Ideal time [sec]

Actual time [sec]

row seating

Visavis seating

Coach interiors Compartment coach

Luggage storing in the compartment à other passenger can go on

Longer wayà larger retention area (until the first compartment)

aisle width: 7090cm

Less conflicts with oncoming passengers Passing points in compartment + wide aisle

aisle width: 7090cm

Less conflicts with luggage in the aisle

aisle width: 7090cm

Seat arrangements

150,0 100,0 50,0 0,0

Compartment coaches

Opposite seats

Ideal time [sec]

Actual time [sec]

row seating

compartment s Visavis seating

Visavis seating + IC2000entrance

Seat arrangements comparison

150,0 100,0 50,0 0,0

Compartment coaches

Opposite seats

Ideal time [sec]

Actual time [sec]

row seating

compartments

Visavis seating

Visavis seating + IC2000entrance

1:2 1:3

time optimised railway interior conclusion

example for open saloon coach

doors at the quarter points

Passenger flow can divide

1) doors at the quarter points

Best: NO steps à level free boarding

1) doors at the quarter points

If steps required: max 2 steps

1) doors at the quarter points 2) Level free boarding, max. 2 steps

Entrance area of an IC2000 Large entrance room

1) doors at the quarter points 2) Level free boarding, max. 2 steps 3) Large entrance (tailback) room aisle width min 60cm

1) doors at the quarter points 2) Level free boarding, max. 2 steps 3) Large entrance (tailback) room 4) Aisle width min. 60 cm

Luggage rack

NOT in the entrance area

No visual contact, high risk of theft

Luggage rack

NOT in the entrance area

Conflicts near the entrance when storing luggage à early tailback

Luggage rack

NOT near the entrance area

No visual contact, high risk of theft

Luggage rack

NOT near the entrance area

Conflicts near the entrance when storing luggage à early tailback

Luggage rack

NOT in the middle of the saloon

Long way, conflicts with other passengers

Luggage rack

In quarter points of the saloon

Shorter way, good visual contact, less conflicts with other passengers

1) doors at the quarter points 2) Level free boarding, max. 2 steps 3) Large entrance (tailback) room 4) Aisle width min. 60 cm 5) Luggage racks in quarter points

Seat arrangement

Not only row seating

1) doors at the quarter points 2) Level free boarding, max. 2 steps 3) Large entrance (tailback) room 4) Aisle width min. 60 cm 5) Luggage racks in quarter points

Seat arrangement

Better: more visavis seats with enough space between

Passing points

Space for luggage

1) Doors at the quarter points 2) Level free boarding, max. 2 steps 3) Large entrance (tailback) room 4) Aisle width min. 60 cm 5) Luggage racks in quarter points 6) More visavis seating

More comfortable boarding

àBoarding time reduction of more than 70% possible àRising punctuality

àPotentials for saving energy

Thank you for your attention Contact:

Dr. Bernhard Rüger or DI. Doris Tuna Vienna University of Technology Institute for Railway Engineering, Karlsplatz 13/232 A1040 Vienna Austria Tel: +43 1 58801 23212 / +43 1 58801 23214 Fax: +43 1 58801 23299 Email: bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at Email: doris.tuna@tuwien.ac.at

Why to reduce dwell time?€¦ · Dr. Bernhard Rüger / bernhard.rueger@tuwien.ac.at / DI. Doris...

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