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7/28/2019 WMO and Biomass Burning
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World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water
WMO and Biomass Burning
Liisa Jalkanen,
Atmospheric Environment Research (AER)Division
WMO Secretariat
www.wmo.int
WMO
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World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
Independent technical UN agency, 189 Members
Secretariat in Geneva (staff 280)
Technical Departments
Observing and Information Systems (OBS)
Climate and Water (CLW)
Agricultural Meteorology
Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction Services (WDS)
Research (RES)
Atmospheric Environment Research Division (AER)
Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme
GURME
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THE GAW MISSION
Systematic long-term monitoring of atmospheric
chemical and physical parameters globally
Analysis and assessment
Development of predictive capability
(GURME and Sand and Dust Storm Warning System)
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GAW observations Stratospheric Ozone Tropospheric Ozone Greenhouse Gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, CFCs)
Reactive Gases (CO, VOC, NOy, SO2) Precipitation Chemistry Aerosols (chemical, physical, AOD) UV Radiation (Natural Radionuclides, Rn222, Be7,14CO)Meteorological measurements also needed
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GAW Station Information System
GAWSISOnline - comprehensive information on all GAW stations
Database Search / Update Inventory / Audit
(Supported by Switzerland)
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GAW publications available from:http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/gaw-reports.html
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Need to consider all scales
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Expert Overview SE Asia 1996 PARTS Program to AddressASEAN Regional Transboundary smoke
WMO WS on Regional Transboundary Smoke and Haze
Singapore 1998 recommendations, incorporated into
Health Guidelines for Vegetation Fire Events WHO/UNEP/WMO
WMO/ ESCAP Project 2001-2003 Support to the Implementation of theRegional Haze Action Plan of ASEAN Member Countries, objectives
Improve monitoring of particles
Development and assessment of aerosol transport models in the
ASEAN region (ASMC)
Promote coordination between institutions
Network of countries and international organizations formed
Fires History
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WMO/IUGG Collaboration:
Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation:
A Scientific Review. Springer. Z. Levin, W.R Cotton (Eds.), 2009
UN Inter-Agency Task Force on Disaster Risk ReductionWG 4 on Wildland Fire:
mitigation through early warning and local actions,
transfer of technical knowledge and establishment of effective
fire management networks
Currently UNISDR Wildland Fire Advisory Group
Meetings held annually in GFMC, Freiburg, Germany
Mainly fire management, planning for the Wildland Fire Conferences
(held every 4 y, next 2015), guidelines for fire emergencies.
History
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WWRP Wildfire Weather Workshop 2003:
Short range forecasting
Smoke transport, Fire behavior
Seasonal range forecasts
Decision support systems
Economic analysis of fire weather services
Ad Hoc WG on Fire Weather
WWRP and WCP
World Climate Programme
El Nino outlooks
Possible disruption of normal rainfall and temperature patterns
including extreme events, e.g. droughts
increase in the duration and intensity of fire seasons
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Commission for Agricultural
Meteorology
Applications of meteorology to agricultural croppingsystems, forestry, fisheries, and agricultural land useand livestock management
Development of agromet services of Members by transferof knowledge and methodology and by providing advice onvarious subjects;
Methods, procedures and techniques for the provision ofmeteorological services to agriculture (all sectors);
Formulation ofdata requirements for agricultural purposes;
Introduction ofeffective methods for disseminatingagromet information, advice and warnings to agricultureby mass media;
Meteorological aspects ofdrought and desertification.
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CAgM and Forestry Guide to Agricultural Meteorological Practices:Chapter 11 Applications of Meteorology to
Forestry & Non-Forest Trees
GOFC-GOLD Workshop on Requirements for
Fire Early Warning Systems in Africa (co-sponsored by WMO), Ghana (Nov 2007)
International Workshop on Advances in
Operational Weather Systems for Fire DangerRating, Edmonton, Canada (July 2008)
CAgM Report No. 99Fire in Forests,
Rangelands and Agricultural Systems (Jan 2006)
www.wmo.int/agm
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(1) traditional activities related to meteorological monitoring and forecasting
(2) monitoring and surveillance functions,
hot spot identification using satellite imageries,
smoke trajectory and dispersion modelling,
compiling monthly and seasonal climate prediction information,activities related to atmospheric chemistry observations
(3) dissemination of information to environmental and other agencies
Regional Specialized Meteorological Centres (RSMCs)
provide analyses and forecasts, such as smoke trajectory forecasts,
to assist in environmental emergency situations
(ASMC Singapore, RSMC Melbourne)
NMHSs
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WMO 16th Congress requested GURME, with other WMO Programmes
to revisit the issue of forest fires, possibly together with other dispersion
studies, and include both research and operational aspects.
Core GAW activity in fires: the use of GAW observations to detect the
influence of fires on atmospheric chemistry, combine with modelling.Assist in strengthening regional monitoring efforts.
Fits well in overarching GURME Tasks (GSP Addendum, GAW Rep 197)
such as use of satellite data, improvement of AQ products for e.g.
human health and agriculture sectors and improved AQF as an elementof MHEWSs for integrated disaster risk management.
Improved AQ and weather forecasting in fire impacted regions through
incorporation of feedbacks.
New activity focus, benefits of international cooperation
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Better understanding of interconnections between vegetation cover, climate
(e.g., climate/drought indexes) and fires for improved forecasts of fires,
such as, and their consequences (landslides etc).
Improved management of smoke and haze (transboundary) pollution events
through efforts directed at enhanced information exchange and coordination.
Consider establishing Fire nodes and centres similar to
the Sand and Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System
SDS/WAS.
New activity focus, benefits of international cooperation
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Collaboration critical for success!
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