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words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words words
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You will learn . . .
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What is effective vocabulary? Why learn more words? How many words to learn? Which words to learn? ‘Knowing a word’ means?
How to learn words?
What is a Word?
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one or more letters or sounds
smallest unit for independent use
separated by spaces in writing
chief carrier of meaning
Why learn more words?
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to speak & write better to listen & read better to think clearly & powerfully
to invite more ideas to communicate effectively
How many words to learn?
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1,000 words for a basic conversation 2,000 words to survive through the
day 10,000 words for university
education
Word frequency studies prove20% words serve 80% needs
How to Learn Words - 1
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Discovery Strategies Increased exposure Incidental learning Guess from context Use dictionary Ask someone
Guessing Meaning
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It was at the water queue that Perumayee learnt to fight, push and shove. “If you stand there like a dumb idiot, you will come home with an empty bucket”, screamed Amma.
Use a Thesaurus
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The little boy slipped, tripped, stumbled, tumbled, dropped and fell, but continued his journey till he was ankle-deep in the cold, blue, white and wonderful water in the river.
Learn to Ask
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“What’s the word for ___ in English?”
“How do you say____ in English?”
“What does ____ mean?”
“It’s a kind of _____ .”
“It’s like a _____ .”
How to Learn Words - 2
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Memory Strategies Memorize Use meaning relations Use word parts Use imagery Mnemonics
Spelling
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Spell these words right?
apparant, wisper, facinate, conjuror, conseal, savege, guinia-pig, orkestra
apparent, whisper, fascinate, conjurer, conceal, savage, guinea-pig, orchestra
Pronunciation
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coup, diaphragm, bomb, pseudonym, thumb, corps, pneumonia, reign, psalm
/kuː/, /ˈdaɪəfræm/, /bɑm/, /ˈsjuːdənɪm/, /θʌm/, /kɔː(r)/, /njuːˈməʊniə/, /reɪn/, /sɑːm/
Antonyms
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Was he _______ (slavish)? Was he _______ (sad)? The question is _______ (meaningless). Had anything been _______ (right), we should _______ (doubtfully) have heard.
Collocation
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Make Doeffortmistakescopies
moneyjudgmentssurea differencesensea decision
homeworka jobsomething
whatevergardeningworkanythingthingsnothingwell
Make Do
homework, effort, mistakes, something,
copies, a job
Root Words
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Match the root words on the left with their meanings:
Root Meaningchrono year
bell short
arthro color
chrom war
vit believe
cred joint
brev life
ann time
Grammar
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The studiousness of the studious student who studied studiously at the students hostel during the study hours was appreciated.
Using Images
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Sunshine Lightning
Puddles Raindrops
Hailstorm
Snowflakes
Frost Weather Forecast
Flood Drought
Tidal wave
Tornado
Mnemonics
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Stop Fooling Around, Now Delightful Music
Abscond – absent in a second
My very easy method: just set up nine planets
How to Learn Words -3
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Metacognitive Strategies
Set learning goals Conscious effort Practice Test yourself Review repeatedly
Practice, more practice
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Written repetition Spoken repetition Word lists Word Association Vocabulary notebooks
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Send your comments to
lionnagaraju@gmail.c
om
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This slideshow is available at
www.slideshare.net/lionnagaraju
www.authorstream.com/tag/lionnagaraju
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