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www.davidhitchcock.co.uk MANUAL HANDLING
DAVID HITCHCOCK BSc FErgS EurErg CMIOSH FRSH
www.davidhitchcock.co.uk MANUAL HANDLING
BACKGROUND The reasons why manual handling is such an important issue and the legislation aimed at protecting people from the risks.
THE RISKS A look at the gamut of manual handling risks – and how to avoid or manage them.
RISK ASSESSMENT Assessing risk using the MAC tool and the L23 assessment.
GOOD PRACTICE The principles of good manual handling practice
PROGRAMME
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BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
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HSE national priority
36% of over 3 day injuries are classed as ‘manual handling’
Over 100,000 reports of first incidence of lower back pain each year
Nearly 6 million working days lost each year due to back problems
THE PROBLEM
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INJURIES
“Single episode” is often actually the result of cumulative trauma
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THE NEUTRAL GOAL
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AVOID (Reg 4(1)(a))• hazardous operations
ASSESS (Reg 4(1)(b)(i))• any hazardous operations that cannot be avoided
REDUCE (Reg 4(1)(b)(ii))• the risk of injury
MONITOR / CONTROL (Reg 4(2))• to further reduce the risks
MANAGE (Reg 5)
LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
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THE REQUIREMENTS OF ASSESSMENT
“That Looks Hard” Check Break
Tasks Down
Look at Each
Factor
Chip Away
Overall Risk
Reduced
“That Looks
Easier”
Double Check
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WHO IS AFFECTED ?
Who /Job Title What Do They Do? Where?
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ADVICE www.hse.gov.uk/msd/index.htm
LEAFLETS www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/manlinde.htm
BOOKS www.hsebooks.com/Books/search/stepsrch.asp
USEFUL HSE RESOURCES
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THE RISKS
THE RISKS
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A MATTER OF ERGONOMICS
Manual Handling
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TASK FACTORS
Reaching/holding away from the body Twisting the body Stooping downwards Lifting from floor Lifting above shoulder Poor workplace layout Long carrying distances Static postures/lifting
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TASK FACTORS
Frequency Prolonged effort Repetition Insufficient rest or recovery Imposed work rate Team handling
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INDIVIDUAL FACTORS
Gender differences Size differences Age considerations Pre-existing conditions Pregnancy
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LOAD FACTORS
Weight Bulk Grasp Stability Predictably Intrinsic harm
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ENVIRONMENT FACTORS
Postural constraints Slippery/contaminated floors Variations in levels Lighting Temperature Air movements PPE
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‘SPOT THE HAZARDS 1’
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‘SPOT THE HAZARDS 2’
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‘SPOT THE HAZARDS 3’
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RISK ASSESSMENT
RISK ASSESSMENT
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RISK ASSESSMENT
MAC L23
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L23
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L23 : 3-STAGE PROCESS
1 • Risk Filter
2 • Preliminary Assessment
3 • Detailed Assessment
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L23 : RISK FILTER
WARNING…ASSUMPTIONS
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L23 : EXAMPLE ASSUMPTIONS
Only guideline figures for 95% of handlers Load is easy to grasp Environment is reasonable Movement reductions:
Frequency Reduction to Guidelines
Twist Reduction to Guidelines
1-2 per min 30% 45° 10%
5-8 per min 50% 90° 20%
12 per min 80%
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L23 : FURTHER ASSESSMENT
Preliminary Detailed
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PUSHING & PULLING
350 – 450 N
50 - 70 N
48 N
742 N
200 N
450 N
LOW RISK
MODERATE RISK – Changes in the short/medium term
HIGH RISK – Immediate changes required
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MAC
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MAC
LOW LEVEL OF RISK• The vulnerability of special risk groups should be considered where appropriate.
MEDIUM LEVEL OF RISK•Examine tasks closely
HIGH LEVEL OF RISK•Prompt action needed – a significant proportion of workers may be at risk of injury
VERY HIGH LEVEL OF RISK•Stop the task immediately and make improvement measures.
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MAC FOR LIFTING TASKS
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MAC FOR CARRYING TASKS
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MAC FOR TEAM HANDLING TASKS
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MAC SCORE SHEET
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GOOD PRACTICE
GOOD PRACTICE
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STEP 1 OF 11
Think Before You Lift Plan the lift. Where is the load going to be placed? Use appropriate handling aids if possible. Do you need help with the load? Remove obstructions such as discarded wrapping materials. Think about the best way of lifting this load. For a long lift ‑ such as floor to shoulder height ‑ consider resting the load mid‑way on a table or bench in order to change grip.
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STEP 2 OF 11
Keep the Load Close to Your WaistKeep the load close to the trunk for as long as possible. The distance of the load from the spine at waist height is an important factor in the overall load on your spine and back muscles. Keep the heaviest side of the load next to your body. If a close approach to the load is not possible try sliding it towards you before attempting to lift it.
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STEP 3 OF 11
Adopt a Stable PositionHave the feet slightly apart with one leg slightly forward to help maintain balance (alongside the load if it is on the ground). Be prepared to move your feet during the lift to maintain a stable posture.
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STEP 4 OF 11
Get a Good Hold on the LoadTry hugging it close to the body if possible. This may be better than gripping it tightly only with your hands.
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STEP 5 OF 11
Something New !!!!At the start of the lift, moderate flexion (slight bending) of the back, hips and knees is preferable to fully flexing the back (stooping) or the hips and knees (squatting).
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STEP 6 OF 11
Don’t Flex the Back FurtherThis can happen as you lift if you begin to straighten your legs before starting to raise the load.
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STEP 7 OF 11
Avoid Twisting or Leaning…especially while the back is bent. Keep shoulders level and facing in the same direction as the hips. Turning (by moving the feet) after lifting is better than twisting and lifting at the same time.
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STEP 8 OF 11
Keep the Head UpLook ahead, not down at the load once you have grasped it and secured it.
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STEP 9 OF 11
Move SmoothlyTry not to jerk or snatch at the load as this can make it harder to keep control of the load and can increase the risk of injury.
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STEP 10 OF 11
Limit to What Can be Easily ManagedThere is a difference between what you can lift and what you can safely lift. If in doubt, seek advice or get help.
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STEP 11 OF 11
Put Down Then AdjustIf precise positioning of the load is necessary, put it down first, then slide it into the desired position.
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GOING A BIT FURTHER
ISBN-10: 1420077511
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