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3 Key Strategies on Teaching Grammar
Rodolfo Chaviano
“Learning without thought is labor lost” Confucius (551-479 B.C.)
CCNN ConferenceManagua August 7th, 2014
rchaviano11@Gmail.com
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014
Dealing with Grammar.Dealing with Grammar.Grammar and Linguistic LevelsThe Grammar ParadoxThree Basic Strategies to Teach Grammar to EFL StudentsWhat’s my Plan?: CBLDifficult Grammar Forms to be Taught. Why and How?Time for Discussionhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePVZvMjSMvE
OutlineOutline
rchaviano11@gmail.comR. Chaviano August 7, 2014
Grammar is among the 3 priorities in your Lesson Plan.Grammar is basic to understand every day English LanguageThe teaching of grammar improves the Ss Fluency. Teaching grammar means learning language patterns.The linguistic area that deals with grammar is known as PragmaticsThere are some linguistic areas in which grammar is useless.Teaching grammar is a Paradox.Being competent in grammar means being competent in Speaking.We learn English Grammar the same way as we learn our native language.To master Grammar Forms means that you are Proficient in English
TRUE or FALSE
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014
___LISTENING
____SPEAKING
____READING
____WRITING
___Pronouncing ___Pronouncing
________UnderstandingUnderstanding _____ _____
VocabularyVocabulary ______ ______
SpeakingSpeaking
______ ______ SyntaxSyntax ______ ______
Grammar Grammar
______ ______ CompositionComposition
Write your priorities when Teaching Use numbers, please.
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014
Linguistic LevelsLinguistic Levels
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014
Can you explain, … if you laughed?
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano@ans.edu.ni
Linguistic LevelsLinguistic Levels
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014
The Grammar Paradox
A paradox is a statement or a concept that seems to be self-contradictory.self-contradictory. In Logic, a paradox is a statement that contradicts itself absolutely. In everyday language, a paradoxical statement might only seem contradictory; it could well be sound. For example:
I always lie. (Logic)
This would be accepted as a paradox in the Logic arena. If it's true, then it's not true.
You can save money by spending it. (Everyday)
This seems absurd, but it's possibly true. For example, spending money insulating your roof would reduce heating bills.
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
Language Paradox:The way we Teach Grammar / LanguageThe way we Teach Grammar / Language
is not way Learn it!is not way Learn it!
Skills USE / Pragmatics/
LISTENINGLISTENING Pronouncing Pronouncing
SPEAKINGSPEAKING UnderstandingUnderstanding
READINGREADING VocabularyVocabulary WRITINGWRITING SpeakingSpeaking
SyntaxSyntax Grammar Grammar
Composition Composition etc.
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
Would you explain the message in this comics?
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
Some Issues on Teaching Grammar
3 Strategies in order to teach grammar:
Understanding concepts. Learning a simple formula. Providing enough practice as reward and punishment trials.
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
Understanding conceptsUnderstanding concepts
Simple past = past event Present Perfect = past event Past perfect = past event Past habit = past event
Verb Tense = Observable Behavior
Strategy No. 1Strategy No. 1
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
Learning a simple formula a+b=c
Simple past = go/ went / work-ed Present Perfect = have(has) + p.p. Past perfect = had + p.p. Past habit = used to + infinitive
Verb Tense = formula
Strategy No. 2Strategy No. 2
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
Providing enough practice
past event = affirmativenegative interrogative
past event = in pairsin groupsorallyin writing
past event = with time expressionsetc.
Strategy No. 3Strategy No. 3
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What’s your Approach to language Teaching? =
Mine =
Competency-Based Approach to Language Learning
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
What do we mean by Competency?What do we mean by Competency?
Knowles (1975) uses the following typology for competencies:
• Competency comprises several levels within the cognitive domainthe cognitive domain Knowledge Understanding Skill Attitude Value
Knowles, M. (1975). Self-Directed Learning. New York: Association Press.
R. Chaviano April 2, 2014
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014
rchaviano11@gmail.com
ACHIEVING COMPETENCIES =
Performance Pertinent Speaking Grammar
Language
FLUENCY ACCURACYCOMPETENCE
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PronouncingUNDERSTANDING
SPEECH COMPETENCE
LEXICAL COMPETENCE
WRITING COMPETENCE
AUDITORY COMPETENCE LISTENING COMPETENCE
SYNTAGMATIC COMPETENCESYNTAGMATIC COMPETENCE
GRAMMATICAL COMPETENCEINTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE
NON-VERBAL LANGUAGE COMPETENCE
Etc.
BEINGCOMPETENT
HAVINGMultiple
Competencies
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___________ ______________1___ Making Questions ___________________9___ Stating Facts of Life
________________________5_____
Expanding Ideas ____________________________2_____
Connecting Ideas________________________________3____
Making Comparisons _________________________________8______
Understanding Mass & Unit _____________________________________6______
Building Up Multi-Word Units ___ ________________________________________7____
Understanding Lexical Units ______________________________________________________4_______
Understanding Verb Collocation ____________________________________ 10_____ Understanding the Social Meaning of Language
Language Utterances=Competencies
Possible formulae=Grammar
Measurable Competencies
Can you provide an exampleand a formula?
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Please name 2Difficult Grammar Forms to be
Taught Why Difficult?
How to deal with difficult grammar Forms
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014 rchaviano11@gmail.com
References Sanghi, S. (2007). The Handbook of Competency Mapping: Understanding,
Designing and Implementing Competency Models in Organizations. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/case/competencies.htmlhttp://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/performance/competencies.html Knowles, M. (1975). Self-Directed Learning. New York: Association Press. Pinker, Steven (1997). How the Mind Works. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. R. Chaviano (2012) Competency-Based Approach to Language Learning.
Nicatesol Conference. Dec 10,2014 R. Chaviano April 2, 2014
Thank you verymuch!
Rodolfo Chaviano. August 7, 2014rchaviano11@Gmail.com
R. Chaviano August 7, 2014
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