Affirmative action in India

Affirmative Action in India

Trust Deficit or Opening Balance which is the missing link?

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Raju ArumughamHubert H Humphrey Fellow ( US)

InvesT HOPESouth India

The background & Current Scenario

Issues and expectation

Challenges

Possibilities

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Affirmative Action

Points of view View from the top of the

pyramid

65 years of reservation how long this will continue

50% of jobs reserved for SC/ ST and OBCs

Free education, Relaxation in age, qualification, Fee, Government Scholarship by Government

Freebies by government at the cost of the tax payers

There are several SC/ ST who are better off than many of the people from forward community

View from the base of the pyramid

Centuries of oppression 65 year of independence -

there sharp divides based on caste

No adequate representation in positions with power

Social and Educational backwardness

No land – no jobs – no livelihood Rules are for the sake of rules Government schemes do not

reach the actual needy In 40 Central Universities – Out

of 2512 (SC quota) 1779 are vacant post. Out of 930(ST quota) 753 posts are vacant.

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Why Affirmative ActionProgressive nations follow positive

discrimination

It is a democratic process of development with just and equitable growth

To provide employment opportunities to the marginalized for their economic liberalization

To partner with building an inclusive society

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Why fear implementation

Merit as a manifest reason

Latent reason – Exposure of Corporate pyramid

1983 1998 2012

Trust Deficit

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Unavailability Scarcity Abundance

India’s Skills Landscape

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500 million requirement by 2022 to fuel the LPG

1,36,986 to graduate each day

The Problem is not small and so is the opportunity

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Source : Wikipedia 24% as per 2001 CSI

Myth of Merit – the game called Education

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Government Private

Primary & Secondary

Higher Ed

Free Fee

Education Enrollment ScenarioGeneral Enrolment Ratio of SCs and STs

Category of workers

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32%

18% 17%

0.6% 2.7%

Technical SkillsSubject Knowledge e.g.,

• Electrical • Plumbing• Fitter• Diesel Mechanic• Other trades 

Functional Skills

·  Computer Skills• Problem solving • Conflict management

·  5 S, TQM·  Lean Management

Behavioral Skills· Positive Attitude· Grooming· Team work· Creativity · Communication · Presentation skills· Discipline

Foundational Skills• Logical Thinking• Basic Math• Basic Science• Reasoning ability• Spatial ability• Numerical ability

Opening Balance S

chool E

duca

tion

Tech

nic

al E

du

cati

on

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Education is not the prerogative of the Industries

◦ In Tamilnadu, there are 30 Revenue Districts, 73 Revenue Divisions, 206 Taluks and

◦ 17,371 Revenue Villages. On the development side, there are 6 Municipal Corporations,

◦ 102 Municipalities, 611 Town Panchayats and 64,846 habitations in the State. The entire State has been divided into 39 Parliamentary Constituencies and 234 State Legislative Assembly

Constituencies. ◦ There are 385 CD Blocks,

◦ 64 Educational Districts, 385 Block Resource Centers in CD Blocks,

27 Urban BRCs in Urban areas,

4,088 Cluster Resource Centres,

◦43,113 Village Education Committees,

◦ 17,371 Revenue Villages and

◦ 13,230 Panchayats.

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Nature or Nurture?Backwardness as a psychological

conditionFreebies by Government disenablesTechnicians- Group mentality Tethered to their villagesSecond generation syndrome Politically exploitedLow Self Esteem

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Positive aspects• Base of the pyramid• They are in actual need

of job• Loyal , original and

creative• Hardworking

SC/ STs in cross roads

They are educated so they cant go back to their traditional profession.

They are not employable so they are not taken on jobs by industries.

Government’s give free Rice and provisions, Free TV, NREGA (Rs.100 per day), and grinders.

Government leaves Health care and Education to private . They run the TASMAC effectively for roaring profits. ( Rs 14000 crores in 2010-11 with 20% growth)*

*wikipedia

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Is the current CSR model an answer?

The plight of CSR in India

◦Different companies adapt different models

◦Objective is to propaganda not to change lives

◦Employee participation with self promotional intent

◦CSR - Dumping ground for Old cloths/ Old books (CII CSR Policy Document)

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Corporate Key Develop skills from within the

community neighborhood for own consumption through a Skill Development Center

Action measured by number of people’s lives changed by right intervention methods

Skills, Employment and Entrepreneurial support

Women empowerment ( Conversion Ratio)

Inclusive growth and justice as strategic priority

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Detroit’s pride

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For globally competent technical workforce

Right education, Right Skills, Right Job

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Thanks

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