Biography Imam Syafi'i

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Biography of Imam al-Shafi'i

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In the name of allah the most gracious the most merciful

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What is his real name?

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Name:

Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Idrees Al- Shafi’i (radiallahu anhu)

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Name:

He was a descendant from the Quraish tribe*

He is the Only Imam who is related to Rasulullah (saw)

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Quraish tribe

Quraysh or Quraish (transliteration: Qurayš. Other transliterations include "Quresh", "Quraysh", "Koreish" and "Coreish". Turkish: Kurey)was the dominant tribe of Mecca upon the appearance of the religion of Islam.

It was the tribe to which the Islamic Prophet Muhammad belonged, as well as the tribe that led the initial opposition to his message.

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Where & when was his Born?

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Born:

Born in Gaza, Palestine

in 150 A.H. (765 A.C.)

(A.H.) means after hijriah(A.C.) means after century

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Gaza

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Gaza

Jordan

Syria

Egypt

Palestine

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Born:

He lost his father during infancy and was raised by his mother under very poor circumstances

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Early Life

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Early life

He completed Hifz/memorising all of the Quran at the tender age of

7 years old.

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Memorising the Quran at the age of 7

flickr by www.welltaken.co.uk

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Early life

..and at the age of 13 memorized the Kitabul Muwatta’* of Imam Malik

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Kitabul Muwatta’

e Muwatta is an early statement of Muslim law, compiled and edited by Imam Malik. It is considered the earliest extant source of hadith, the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad that form the basis of Islamic jurisprudence alongside the Qur'an.

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Early life

he was a mufti (given authorization to issue fatwa) at the age of

15.

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He spent most of his time among the Bedouins* outside Makka, to acquire a good knowledge of the ARABIC Language

Early life

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Bedouins

flickr by david_rombaut

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Bedouins

e Bedouin, (from the Arabic badawī , pl. badū), are predominantly Muslim, desert-dwelling Arab nomadic pastoralist, or previously nomadic group, found throughout most of the desert belt extending from the Atlantic coast of the Sahara via the Western Desert, Sinai, and Negev to the Arabian Desert. Non-Arab groups as well, notably the Beja of the African coast of the Red Sea, are sometimes called Bedouin.

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Early education

At the age of 20, (170 A.H. / 785 A.C.) he went to Madina and became a student of Imam Malik

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Bedouins

Makkah

Madina

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Early education

He also learned with, 81 Shiekhs* from all of whom he acquired the knowledge of the Quran, Hadith & Sunnah

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Shiekh

Sheikh, also rendered as Sheik, Shaykh, Shaikh, Cheikh, and other variants (Arabic: shaykh; pl. shuyūkh), is a word or honorific term in the Arabic language that literally means "elder". It is commonly used to designate an elder of a tribe, a revered wise man, or an Islamic scholar. Although the title generally refers to a male person, there existed in history also a very small number of female sheikhs.

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Arrested

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Arrested

In 184 A.H. / 799 A.C., Imam Shafi’i was arrested and taken to Baghdad

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Baghdad, Iraq

From Madina

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Arrested

...to appear before Haroon Ar-Rasheed on trumped up charges of treason

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Arrested

It was due to the recommendation of Imam Muhammad (the state Qazi* and student of Imam Abu Hanifa) that Imam Shafi’i was discharged

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Qazi

Qazi (also known as Qadi or Kazi or Kadi) is a judge ruling in accordance with the sharia, Islamic religious law. Because Islam makes no distinction between religious and secular domains, qadis traditionally have jurisdiction over all legal matters involving Muslims.

e judgment of a qadi must be based on ijma, the prevailing consensus of the ulema, Islamic scholars.

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3 years with Imam Muhammad

Imam Shafi’i remained in Baghdad as a student of Imaam Muhammad for over 3 years to add further to his knowledge of Islamic Law

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3 years with Imam Muhammad

In Baghdad, he developed his first madhab*, influenced by the teachings of both Imam Abu Hanifa (from Imam Muhammad) and Imam Malik.

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Madhab

Madhhab or in Urdu Mazhab is an Islamic school of law, or fiqh (religious jurisprudence). In the first 150 years of Islam, there were many such "schools" - in fact, several of the Sahābah, or contemporary "companions" of Muhammad, are credited with founding their own.

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3 years with Imam Muhammad

Thus, his work there is known as “al Madhab al Qadim lil Imam as Shafi’i,” or the Old School of ash-Shafi'i.

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Back in Makkah

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Baghdad, Iraq

Makkah

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Back in Makkah

He returned to Makkah where he stayed for 9 years delivering lectures on Islamic Law.

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Back in Makkah

It was during this period that Imam Ahmad ibn Hambal came into contact with Imam Shafi’i

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To Egypt

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Cairo, Egypt

Makkah

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To Egypt

In 199 A.H., he went to Egypt where he was received with much honour and respect.

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To Egypt

It appears that all of his surviving writings were done in retirement in Egypt during the last 5 years of his life.

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He authored more than 100 books.

Al-Risala — The best known book by al-Shafi'i in which he examined usul al-fiqh (sources of jurisprudence): the Qur'an, the Sunnah, qiyas (analogy), and ijma' (scholarly consensus).

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He authored more than 100 books.

Kitab al-Umm — his main surviving text on Shafi'i fiqh

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His death

He died in Fustat, Cairo, Egypt.

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Fustat, Cairo

Tahrir

To Giza

Qal’a Salahuddin

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His death

On Friday evening after Maghrib, 29th RAJAB, 204 A.H. (20th JAN; 820 A.C.) after a short illness. Age of 54 years.

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As-Syafi’i Mosque

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As-Syafi’i MosqueA Ship, Because of his long journey

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The Mausoleum of Imam al-Shafi'i

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Wallahu ‘alam

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