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Fish Analytical Chemistry
Prepared by:
RODNEY L. PEÑAFIEL
Why we need to analyzed the fish?
To set quantitave standards.
To establish tolerance level of Chemical.
To eliminate the need to base decisions regarding product quality on PERSONAL OPENIONS.
FOOD SAFETY AND QUALITY CONTROL
Food Safety
Hazards
-Biological -Chemical - Physical
Hazards
- A biological, chemical or physical agent that is reasonably likely to cause illness or injury in the absence of its control.
Hazards - In HACCP, “hazards” refer to conditions of contaminants in foods that can cause illness or injury. It does not refer to undesirable conditions or contaminants such as:
Insects HairFilthSpoilageEconomic fraud Violations of regulatory food
standards directly to safety
Chemical Hazards
• Naturally Occurring
• Intentionally added
• Unintentionally added
Types of Naturally Occurring Chemicals Hazards
Mycotoxins (e.g., aflatoxin) Scombrotoxin (histamine) Ciguatera fish poisoning ( algae toxins) Shellfish toxins - Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) - Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) - Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) - Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP)/ Domoic Acid
Food Additives - Direct (allowable limits under GMPs) Preservatives (e.g., nitrite and sulfiting
agentsNutritional additives (e.g., niacin and
vitamin A ) Color additives e.g., FD&C Yellow No.5
(tatrazine)
Intentionally Added Chemicals
Allergens
o Naturally occurring proteinso Minute amounts can cause allergic
reactiono Fatal reactions are known from : peanuts, tree nuts, seafood
Composition of a Fish
Water 65-80 %Fat 1-20 %Protein 14-20 % Vitamins Minerals
Quality changes during preservation
METHOD PROTEINS LIPIDS
Salted No effects Might rancid
Smoked No effects Might rancid
Airdried Might deteriorate
Rancid
Fermented Proteins peptides = bitter taste
Might get rancid
Some Chemical Indices ofSeafood Quality and
Safety• Total Volatile Base-Nitrogen• Ammonia• Trimethyl-Ammonia• Nitrogen• Dimethyl-Ammonia
Biogenic Amines• Indole• K-value• Peroxide value• Free fatty Acid test• Heavy metals• Marine Biotoxins
FIN…
Thank You ****
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