Global energy prize engl en_strelka

“Green energy” vs Future energyInternational practice in energy efficiency and power saving

I.M. Lobovsky, “Global Energy” International Prize Foundation

1. Земля как объект антропогенной энергетики

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Igor Lobovskiy. Short introduction.

EducationPhD in SociologyDuke University, North Carolina, USA, Senior Management Program Polytechnic University, Coventry, UK, International Management PracticeState Academy of Foreigh Trade, Russia, International cooperation specialistMoscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Engineer in electric communications

ExperienceChief Operating Officer, Nonprofit organization, “Global Energy Fund”, GR, PR and energy fieldsExecutive Director, IMA Consulting, Moscow, PR and GR fieldDirector General, Executive Director, Vice- Director General, Commercial Director, Board Member, Comstar, Moscow, telecommunication fieldHead of the International Department , Assistant to the Director General, Head of the Production Unit, Head of the Bureau, Senior Engineer, Engineer, Moscow City Telephone Network (MGTS), Moscow

US National Engineering Academy and US National Science Foundation

made the list of the main engineering problems of the XXI century:

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1. Increase the efficiency of solar cell panels2. Go to the uranium into hydrogen3. Decide what to do with CO24. Reduce emissions of nitrogen5. Provide access to clean water6. Rebuild the infrastructure of large cities7. Go to e-medicine8. Create personalized medicine9. Construct an artificial analog of the brain10. Develop protection against nuclear terrorism11. Securing the Internet12. Decide what to do with virtual reality13. Go to personal education14. Re-equip science

Earth’s population

Population of Earth is about 7 billion inhabitants

Growth of world population Billions of inhabitants Billions of inhabitants

Developing countries Developed countries

Power consumptionPower consumption constantly grows and now exceeds

13 billion tonnes of oil

eq./year

or on average ≈ 2 tonnes of oil

eq./person/year or

≈ 3 kW/person

First wave in development of world power industry

Power consumption

Fuel wood and wastes Coal Oil Gas Hydropower Nuclear powerRenewable energy

Comparative scale of anthropogenic energy productionThe average muscular capacity of a person is 100…150 W/personTaking into account various energy sources of power available to an individual has increased

30 times (3 kW/person),and in developed countries – hundreds of timesSolar energy on the Earth’s surface (excluding atmosphere is 1.4 kW/m2) – 173,000 TW (173,1012 kW)or on average 25 mW/personEnergy demands by the Earth’s population amounts to ≈ 1/10,000 of the solar energy reaching Earth.Furthermore, energy demands have reached

nearly 50% of the energy created by photosynthesis (≈ 40 TW),providing for life on Earth which is beginning to be negatively reflected in the environment

Growth of world populationBillions of

inhabitants

Billions of inhabitants

Developed countries

Developing countries

First wave in development of world power industry

Fuel wood and wastes Coal Oil Gas Hydropower Nuclear powerRenewable energy

Structure of global energy consumption

Change in structure of global energy consumption

World energy balance

Biomass Coal Oil Gas Hydropower Nuclear powerNew renewable energysources

Nuclear power plants

Renewable energy sources, 8%

Hydropower, 15%

Biomass, 77%

Wood, 87%

Municipal and Industrial waste

Agricultural waste

GDP power intensity

Power consumption for gross domestic product of different countries, toe/$1,000 (source: KEY WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS, IEA, 2009)

It should be borne in mind that such indicators reflect the country’s energy efficiency only indirectly. To ascertain the potential improvement to energy efficiency detailed analysis of the economic structure, foreign trade balance, climatic and geographical features, comparative study of power process efficiency and balances in separate economic sectors and regions.

Whole w

Developed countri

es (OECD)

at Brit

ermany

France

Canada

Russia

Ukrain

Belarus

Kazakhsta

Earth power resources

Apart from fossil fuels, humanity has large resources for nuclear power (fission and fusion) and renewable energy sources (RES) at its disposal.

A revival in nuclear power is expected (with certain constraints) while practical use of renewable sources of energy is gaining momentum.

MODERN POWER CONSUMPTION AND POWER RESOURCES

World power consumption

Uranium

Hydropower

Photosynthesis

Annual influx of solar energy

“Green energy”: 180M Google’s links

Lighthouse Stadium is a Glowing Green-Roofed Beacon

Nokia Concept Phone Charges in Your Pocket

Google Invests in Shweeb's Peddle-Powered Bike Monorail | Inhabitat - Green Design Will Save the World

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prize.org

Renewable energy sources: rhetoric and realityThe change to green power is often seen as the main way of improving the planet’s environment.Governments of developed countries have adopted regulatory programs to develop green power production and are spending billion dollar budgets to implement these policies.Special tariffs and “green certificate” programs are being introduced to attract investment in the industry which enable suppliers and consumers of such energy to enjoy incentives and additional profits. Green architecture is a way to improve efficiency in power consumption.

Renewable energy sources: rhetoric and realityBy the beginning of 2008, 43 countries had plans to change to renewable sources of energy.

Countries eager to cast off their dependence on fossil fuels (oil, gas and coal) plan to produce 5-30% of their electricity using hydro, solar, wind and biomass technologies by 2011.

Austria is the most ambitious in this respect (by 2010, it plans to produce 78% of its power using renewable energy), followed by Sweden (60%) and Latvia (49,3%).

Desertec project

«Within 6 hours deserts receive more energy from the sun than humankind consumers within a year».Dr. Gerhard Knies

Under the DESERTEC proposal, concentrating solar power systems, PV systems and wind parks would be located on 6,500 square miles (17,000 km2) in the Sahara Desert.

Aquamarine Power and Queen's University Belfast teamed up to develop the Oyster hydro-electric wave energy converter.

The first 315kW Oyster 1 was grid-connected at the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) in Orkney, Scotland in 2009.

The next-generation 2.5MW Oyster 2 is scheduled for installation at EMEC in 2011.

Aquamarine's wave energy device

The aim of the renewal project is to reduce fossil-fuel based energy consumption to zero, and thereby eliminate all carbon-dioxide emissions. Two strategies have been adopted: minimize energy demand and make use of local energy resources. The most advanced techniques and technologies will be called into use to fulfil the most demanding aesthetic, functional and comfort requirements while relying purely on solar and geothermal energy to meet all its needs.

Zero Emission Center (Hungary)

Renewable energy – innovation in the energy sector

Advantages of Renewable Energy- wide range of sources for renewable energy,

- sources of renewable energy exceed regional demands by many times,

- more or less uniform distribution across the globe and all-pervasive presence of various types of renewable energy,

- renewable nature of the resources,

- environmental cleanness: no emissions, no thermal pollution of planet

ВИЭ солнечного происхождения

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES (RES)

RES of solar origin

Renewable energy – innovation in the energy sector

Disadvantage of Renewable Energy:

- A higher price per unit of energy (2- 3);

- Limited range of equipment manufacturers;- Voltage fluctuations due to uneven solar, wind, water activity;- A huge role of the state as an enabling authority;- Protectionism: RES evolve from a taxes of hydrocarbons.- For Russia: wear state grid is min. 65%.

ВИЭ солнечного происхождения

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES (RES)

RES of solar origin

Sources of renewable energy – innovation in the energy sector

Status and trends in renewable energy around the globe

Investment in renewable energy in 2008 came to $120B. In 2009: China – $34.6B, USA – $18.6B, Germany - $12B

The established capacity of electricity generators using renewable sources of energy (excluding large scale hydro-electric stations) by the end of 2008 was more than 280 GW (> 5% of the total capacity of all electricity generators around the world, > 3.5% of the global electricity production and > 25% of the electricity generated by all of the nuclear power stations around the world. In April 2009 generation from renewable energy exceeded that of nuclear power stations for the first time.

Whole w

Developin

g countries

PV convertersGeothermal PPBiomass

Small Hydro PP

Smart Grid: ENEL’s vision

Smart Grid: RWE’s vision

Smart Grid: Siemens’s vision

Research on renewable energy sources is rewarded with the Global Energy International Prize in Russia

Global Energy International Prize has been awarded

to 22 winners from 9 countries since 2003.

14 people (64%) have received it for their research

in renewable energy sources.

“Green” Research on renewable energy is rewarded with the Global Energy International Prize

2006. ITER Project. E.Velikhov (Russia), M.Yoshikawa (Japan), R.Aimar (France).

2007. Hydrogen Energy. T.Sigfusson (Iceland).

2008. Computational heat mass exchangeB.Spalding (UK)

2009. Artificial Oil. E.Volkov (Russia), C.Bowman (Canada)

2010. Pipeline Transport of Energy Sources.B.Paton (Ukraine)

Global energy prize engl en_strelka

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