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Goat Health around Kidding Time
Chris Buschbeck
Markdale Veterinary Services
Goat Health around Kidding Time
• Preparation for kidding time• Abortions • Hypocalcemia/pregnancy toxemia• Prolapses• Dystocia• Hypothermia• Mastitis
Breeding
• Kidding starts at breeding• Preparation of the does• Selection of the buck• Buck to Doe ratio• Tight season = concentrated kidding
Gestation
• Implantation and placentation – 30 days that determine kidding success
• Development• Growth
Pre-kidding preparations
• Nutrition• Vaccination• Supplies• Barn set-up
Nutrition
• Water• Protein• Energy• Minerals
Vaccination
• Clostridial Vaccine (Tetanus, Pulpy Kidney, Enterotoxemia)
EVERYONE, ALWAYS, NO EXCEPTIONS
Vaccinate kids at 3 and 4 month of age and booster annually before kidding
• Caseous Lymphadenitis can be combined with clostridial vaccination
• Chlamydia abortion as needed, no cat
vaccines
Supplies
• Gloves • Lubricant• Thermometer• Feeding tube• Ketamalt/Glycol• Dextrose• Selenium
Abortion in Goat Herds
• Abortion rates in an unaffected herd–< 2%
• Abortion storm– 15 to 70% pregnancies affected–Often clustered in time
• Endemic infection– 5 to 7%–Mistaken as “normal”
Abortion
• Infectious or non-infectious (stress/I/Se)
• Chlamydia – 100d+, mummies, weak/stillborn, thick placenta, vaccine, zoonotic
• Q-Fever – abortion, stillbirth, weak, zoonotic
• Toxoplasmosis – protozoan, cats/rodents, resorption, mummies,weak/stillborn, zoonotic
Chlamydophila abortus
• How does it present?– Fresh abortions– Severe placentitis– Stillbirths– Weak kids– Increase # of open females– Bloody tails
C. abortus
• If infected late in pregnancy– Will abort next gestation
• If infected as kids– Will abort at first gestation
• No natural immunity until abort• Recovered animals do not abort
againbut may be carriers
Toxoplasmosis
• Cats get infected by eating infected rodents/birds/infected material
• Pass oocysts for up to 2 weeks• Last up to 18 months and contaminate feed and
pasture• Infection leads to immunity• If pregnant at the time, fetus and placenta get infected• Mummies, abortions• Stillbirth, weak kids
Toxoplasmosis Control
• Control cats• Protect feed• Control rodents• Addition of Deccox to ration• Immunity before pregnancy
difficult to achieve consistently
Vaccine in Europe
Q-Fever (Coxiellosis)
• Severe placentitis• Abortions – fresh
– Failure to dilate cervix – Ruptured uterus
• Stillbirth• Weak kids
– May present as higher than expectedstillbirth, neonatal mortality problem
Diagnosis
• Submit fetus and placenta for diagnosis – as fresh as possible and as many as possible
• ZOONOTIC – infects people • wear gloves and dispose materials wash thoroughly pregnant women at risk
Ketosis/Hypocalcemia
• Pre/post kidding• “Pregnancy Toxemia”• Calcium and energy• Ketamalt/Glycol• Calcium borogluconate• Energy density in ration• Vitamin/mineral balance
Kidding Problems
• Prolapse – Vagina or Uterus• Malpresentation• Fetal-Maternal Disproportion• Ringwomb• Twisted Uterus
Kidding solutions
• Lube and patience• 30-30-30 rule• Process kids after birth = strip,
dip, sip, selenium• Investigate herd problems early
Kid Survival
• Colostrum• More colostrum• Proper bonding or• Adjusting to feeder• Shelter
Hypothermia/Starvation
• Number 1 kid killer• Need to know age and temperature• Cut-off points 6 hours 37oC brown fat digestive function• Above 37oC – stomach tube and warm
Hypothermia treatment
• Under 6 hours – warm to at least 37oC, then feed milk• Over 6 hours 1- give intra-peritoneal
glucose 2- warm to at least 37oC 3- feed milk
Mastitis
• Infection of the mammary gland• Clinical-subclinical• Acute-chronic• Contagious-environmental• Secondary to other disease Caseous, CAE
Udder health management
• Eliminate existing infection• Prevent new infection• Monitor udder health
dry off
Therapycullingrecords
Record Keeping
• Individual permanent animal ID – eartag, tattoo
• Write it down – NOW• Paper vs computer records Health, Treatments Breeding Production
• Use the records to analyze your operation
Questions?
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