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Macmillan Teacher Training
Patrick Hafenstein Canton September 2011
Making Things Better for You!
Publishing CompanyWorking for a Foreign Publisher
Making Things Better for You!
Examinerof 4 Exams
Authorof 5 books
Trained11,000+
teachers in11 countries
Helped100,000+
students getan o/s
Masters
Who’s this?
Making Things Better for You!
Hot Spot
Capture the imagination of younger teenagers
Making Things Better for You!
Reading Agenda
1.Essential Reading Philosophy
2.Before, While, After Reading Activities
3.Top Down vs. Bottom Up
4.Intensive vs. Extensive
5.Reading Comprehension vs. Skills & Strategies
6.Dictionary Skills
Which is the most decisive factor in determining the success of a reading class?
Making Things Better for You!
• The Topics
• The Exercises
• The Teacher
• The Students
• Test Practice
• The Coursebook Design
Interesting topics…
Making Things Better for You!
Provide new
information (innate curiosity)
Provoke an emotional response (develop
imagination)
Are relevant to students’ lives
(age appropriate)
How do you teach reading?
Making Things Better for You!
Intensive vs.
Extensive
Skills & Strategies vs. Comprehension
Top Down vs. Bottom Up
Before, During & After Reading Activities
Pre-Reading
Making Things Better for You!
Open up to page 96 &
start reading
Making Things Better for You!
1. Activating Schema
1.Brainstorming
2.Discussion Questions
3.Input
4.Drawings
5.Freewriting
6.Background info as quizzes.
Making Things Better for You!
3. Text Prediction
• Key Word Guess
• Key Word Story
1. School
2. Shoes/slippers
3. Lesson/bow/ questions
While Reading
Making Things Better for You!
Read and Answer the Questions
Making Things Better for You!
During Reading Exercises
Step 1: Shared Reading
Key Words Identifying
• Sports Equipment –clap
• Permission - stomp
• Obligation - click
Key Word Stop
Making Things Better for You!
During Reading Exercises
Step 2: Guided Reading
Speedy Turn-taking
Emotional Reading
After Reading
Making Things Better for You!
Check your answers with your partner
Making Things Better for You!
After Reading Exercises
Vocabulary Development
Grammar in Context
Integrated Speaking/
Writing
Task-based Activities/
Project Work
Top Down vs. Bottom Up
Making Things Better for You!
What’s the difference?
Top DownActivating all prior knowledge about topic & text type, then skimming to get a rough idea of content & structure.
Bottom UpPaying close attention to the language, especially syntax and cohesion to understand difficult text.
Top Down vs. Bottom Up
Making Things Better for You!
Top Down vs. Bottom Up
Making Things Better for You!
Which process comes first?
Top Down
Making Things Better for You!
Step 1: What comes next?
Step 2: Summarising
Step 3: Underline the unfamiliar words
Step 4: What questions is the text trying to answer?
Step 5: Check questions have been answered
Step 6: Bottom up processing
Bottom Up Processing
Making Things Better for You!
The Nation Approach
• Identify what the cohesive elements refer to.
• Remove coordinating conjunctions & rewrite as 2 sentences.
• Find nouns & remove any items following them which are part of the same noun group.
• Find verbs & decide who/what does what
• Find participle, infinitive or prepositional clauses & decide who/what does what
Intensive vs. Extensive
Making Things Better for You!
What’s the difference?
ExtensiveReading large quantities of material or long texts for global or general understanding with the intention of gaining pleasure from the text.
IntensiveReading a text in detail with the intent to understand all structures, lexis and text organisation and at the same time developing reading skills.
Extensive vs. Intensive Reading
Making Things Better for You!
When (second languagelearners)read for pleasure,
they can continue toimprove in their second
language without classes, without teachers, without
study & even without people to converse with.
(Krashen 1993 p.84)
Benefits of Extensive Reading…
Making Things Better for You!
Pupils developed a wideractive & passive vocabulary.
They used more varied sentencestructure & were better at
spotting & correcting grammaticalmistakes in their writing &speaking. They showed an
overall improvement in writingskills & increased confidence &
fluency in speaking. (Davis1995 p.330)
Benefits of Extensive Reading…
Making Things Better for You!
Reading for Pleasure
Making Things Better for You!
As a teacher, your role is to MOTIVATE students to read
and this is the most challenging part of Extensive Reading
Although there are many benefits of
reading, that does not mean students
will read.
Making Things Better for You!
7 Stories of Mystery & HorrorA priceless Egyptian statuette is stolenA Rich Man & A Poor ManThis story has been made into many plays, films & moviesA Romance on a Rainy Day
A
B
C
D
Reading Comprehension vs. Reading Skills &
Strategies
Making Things Better for You!
What’s the difference?
Reading ComprehensionTo check learners’ understanding of a text typically through multiple choice questions, true/false statements, wh-questions, gap fills, etc.
Reading Skills & Strategies
Training students to be more effective readers by teaching them to infer meaning, guess vocab from context, distinguishing key points, etc.
Comprehension vs. Skills & Strategies
Making Things Better for You!
Hot Spot
Capture the imagination of younger teenagers
Overview• ‘Inbetweenies’ (10 > 14)• 42 core teaching hours per level• Communicative yet traditional approach• Provides a focus on UK• Culturally rich content• Theme based modules (7) (3x2 ~ double pp), plus
Integrated skills, Review, Extra!• Transparent grammar syllabus• Personalisation• Practice
USP’s
• Learner autonomy ~ ‘check your English’• Pronunciation help ~ various activities• Integrated skills with cross-cultural focus• ‘Groovy/funky’ characters ~
interest/remember• Learning diaries ~ AB• Grammar explanations/wordlists (SB)• Mixed ability/Dyslexia tips (TB)
Motivation
• Fun approach with lots of humour
• Engaging characters to capture the interest of teenagers
Grammar
• Grammar is practised through fun tasks in the context of the lesson
• Additional grammar practice in an illustrated reference section at the back of the SB
Structure
• Clear structure and signposting to help guide teachers
Reading practice
Extra reading practice is offered at the higher levels in the form of an excerpt from a famous story
Personalisation
• Communicative practice with lots of controlled personalised practice to build confidence for students
Skills integration
• The integrated skills lesson has a cross-cultural focus
Fun!
• Songs and raps found in every unit
• Lyrics at the back of the Student’s Book
• Lower levels created specifically
• Higher levels > known
Teacher’s Book
• Full colour and interleaved with the Student’s Book pages
• Strong teacher training element with methodology tips throughout
• Dyslexia tips to help students with dyslexia and learning difficulties
Teacher’s Book
• Extra ideas for teaching mixed-ability classes
• Includes photocopiable worksheets for pair and group work
• Editable Test CD-ROM included with every Teacher’s Book
Other components
Activity Book includes:• A complete story• Extension and extra practice activities for mixed ability
classes• Learning Diary
Student’s Book includes:• CD-ROM with additional practice and interactive games
Class audio
Teacher’s Website:www.macmillanenglish.com/HotSpot
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