Impersonal passive 23

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• If the predicate of the passive sentence is a verb transitive like: believe, think, find, say, report, consider, understand, acknowledge, expect, tell, know then you can change the active sentence into passive using two ways. Look at the examples:

a) People say that he is handsome. (in the present)*It is said that he is handsome.*He is said to be handsome. b) They knew he had an idea. ( in the past)*It was known that he had an idea.*He was known to have had an idea.

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is …………………………………………………………………………………

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is thought that the new prime minister is a good speaker.

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is thought that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• The new prime minister ……….

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is thought that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• The new prime minister is thought to be a good speaker.

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is thought that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• The new prime minister is thought to be a good speaker.• 2) They report that the suspended gunman is in custody.• The suspended …………………………………………………………• It is ……………………………………………………………………………

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is thought that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• The new prime minister is thought to be a good speaker.• 2) They report that the suspended gunman is in custody.• The suspended gunman is reported to be in custody.• It is reported that the suspended gunman is in custody.

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is thought that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• The new prime minister is thought to be a good speaker.• 2) They report that the suspended gunman is in custody.• The suspended gunman is reported to be in custody.• It is reported that the suspended gunman is in custody.• 3) People don't expect that the new party will win the election.• It isn't …………………………………………………………………………………………• The new

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• It is thought that the new prime minister is a good speaker.• The new prime minister is thought to be a good speaker.• 2) They report that the suspended gunman is in custody.• The suspended gunman is reported to be in custody.• It is reported that the suspended gunman is in custody.• 3) People don't expect that the new party will win the

election.• It isn't expected that the new party will win the election.• The new party isn´t expected to win the election.

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 4) The police say that the principal is at large.• It is …………………………………………………………………………………………• The principal ………………………………………………………………………….

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 4) The police say that the principal is at large. (fugado/ prófugo)• It is said that the principal is at large.• The principal is said to be at large.

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE

• 4) The police say that the principal is at large. (fugado/ prófugo)• It is said that the principal is at large.• The principal is said to be at large.• 5) The detective knows that the robber has left the city.• It is known that the robber has left the city.• The robber is known to have left the city.

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE• 4) The police say that the principal is at large. (fugado/ prófugo)• It is said that the principal is at large.• The principal is said to be at large.• 5) The detective knows that the robber has left the city.• It is known that the robber has left the city.• The robber is known to have left the city.• 6) People believe that giving encouragement is important at work,

too.• It is …………………………………………………………………………………………………• Giving encouragement

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE• 4) The police say that the principal is at large. (fugado/ prófugo)• It is said that the principal is at large.• The principal is said to be at large.• 5) The detective knows that the robber has left the city.• It is known that the robber has left the city.• The robber is known to have left the city.• 6) People believe that giving encouragement is important at work, too.• It is believed that giving encouragement is important at work, too.• Giving encouragement is believed to be important at work..• 7) They told us that Charles drank too much at the party.• It was

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………• Charles

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

IMPERSONAL PASSIVE• 4) The police say that the principal is at large. (fugado/ prófugo)• It is said that the principal is at large.• The principal is said to be at large.• 5) The detective knows that the robber has left the city.• It is known that the robber has left the city.• The robber is known to have left the city.• 6) People believe that giving encouragement is important at work, too.• It is believed that giving encouragement is important at work, too.• Giving encouragement is believed to be important at work..• 7) They told us that Charles drank too much at the party.• It was told that Charles drank too much at the party.• Charles was told to have drunk too much at the party.

Rephrase the sentences to make them more formal.

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children …………………………………….

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children are thought to be at school.

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children are thought to be at school.• 4) People said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• It is …………………………………………………………………………………

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children are thought to be at school.• 4) People said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• It is said that the robbery lasted half an hour.

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children are thought to be at school.• 4) People said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• It is said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• 5) People acknowledge that he is talented.• He is …………………………………………………………………………………

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children are thought to be at school.• 4) People said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• It is said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• 5) People acknowledge that he is talented.• He is acknowledged to be talented.

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children are thought to be at school.• 4) People said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• It is said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• 5) People acknowledge that he is talented.• He is acknowledged to be talented.• 6) The newspapers reported that he won the jackpot.• He was

………………………………………………………………………………………………

• 1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.• It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.• 2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.• The lunch is believed to be delicious.• 3) They think that the children are at school.• The children are thought to be at school.• 4) People said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• It is said that the robbery lasted half an hour.• 5) People acknowledge that he is talented.• He is acknowledged to be talented.• 6) The newspapers reported that he won the jackpot.• He was reported to have won the jackpot.

• 7) They think that your tea is too sweet.• It is …………………………………………………………………………………………

• 7) They think that your tea is too sweet.• It is thought that your tea is too sweet.

• 7) They think that your tea is too sweet.• It is thought that your tea is too sweet.• 8) Everybody says the old bridge will collapse.• The old …………………………………………………………………………………

• 7) They think that your tea is too sweet.• It is thought that your tea is too sweet.• 8) Everybody says the old bridge will collapse.• The old bridge is said to collapse.

ACTIVE TO PASSIVE: SPECIAL FORMS Rewrite these sentences into a different passive voice:

• 1. People believe that the new government will do their best to tackle the crisis.

• It ………………………………………………………………………………………

• 1. People believe that the new government will do their best to tackle the crisis. (abordar/afrontar)

• It is believed that the new government will do their best to tackle the crisis.

• 2. Economists predict an increase in unemployment.• Unemployment

………………………………………………………………………………………………

• 2. Economists predict an increase in unemployment.• Unemployment is predicted to increase.• 3. Scientists expected that more money was spent on

research in stem cells.• It …………………………………………………………………………………………

• 2. Economists predict an increase in unemployment.• Unemployment is predicted to increase.• 3. Scientists expected that more money was spent on

research in stem cells.• It was expected that more money was spent on research in

stem cells.

• 2. Economists predict an increase in unemployment.• Unemployment is predicted to increase.• 3. Scientists expected that more money was spent on research in

stem cells.• It was expected that more money was spent on research in stem

cells.• 4. Some TV viewers think that gossip programmes are rubbish.• It ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

• 2. Economists predict an increase in unemployment.• Unemployment is predicted to increase.• 3. Scientists expected that more money was spent on research in

stem cells.• It was expected that more money was spent on research in stem

cells.• 4. Some TV viewers think that gossip programmes are rubbish.• It is thought that gossip programmes are rubbish.

• 2. Economists predict an increase in unemployment.• Unemployment is predicted to increase.• 3. Scientists expected that more money was spent on research in stem

cells.• It was expected that more money was spent on research in stem cells.• 4. Some TV viewers think that gossip programmes are rubbish.• It is thought that gossip programmes are rubbish.• 5. The critics believed that Brad Pit’s film was a failure.• Brad Pit’s film …………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………

• 2. Economists predict an increase in unemployment.• Unemployment is predicted to increase.• 3. Scientists expected that more money was spent on research in stem

cells.• It was expected that more money was spent on research in stem cells.• 4. Some TV viewers think that gossip programmes are rubbish.• It is thought that gossip programmes are rubbish.• 5. The critics believed that Brad Pit’s film was a failure.• Brad Pit’s film was believed to have been a failure.

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life ………………………………………………………………………………………

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life is said to be hard for today´s teens.

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life is said to be hard for today´s teens.• 7. The public think Woody Allen’s films are great.• It …………………………………………………………………………………

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life is said to be hard for today´s teens.• 7. The public think Woody Allen’s films are great.• It is thought that Woody´s Allen´s films are great.

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life is said to be hard for today´s teens.• 7. The public think Woody Allen’s films are great.• It is thought that Woody´s Allen´s films are great.• 8. The review thought Dean’s books were boring and

uninteresting.• Dean’s books ………………………………………………………………………

uninteresting.• Dean’s books were thought to be boring and uninteresting.• 9. The reporter said the earthquake had caused lots of

casualties.• It ……………………………………………………………………………

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life is said to be hard for today´s teens.• 7. The public think Woody Allen’s films are great.• It is thought that Woody´s Allen´s films are great.• 8. The review thought Dean’s books were boring and uninteresting.• Dean’s books were thought to be boring and uninteresting.• 9. The reporter said the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• It is said that the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• 10. Everybody believed that Picasso’s exhibition had been a

success.• Picasso’s exhibition

……………………………………………………………………………………..……………

uninteresting.• Dean’s books were thought to be boring and uninteresting.• 9. The reporter said the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• It is said that the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• 10. Everybody believed that Picasso’s exhibition had been a

success.• Picasso’s exhibition was believed to have been a success.

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life is said to be hard for today´s teens.• 7. The public think Woody Allen’s films are great.• It is thought that Woody´s Allen´s films are great.• 8. The review thought Dean’s books were boring and uninteresting.• Dean’s books were thought to be boring and uninteresting.• 9. The reporter said the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• It is said that the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• 10. Everybody believed that Picasso’s exhibition had been a success.• Picasso’s exhibition was believed to have been a success.• 11. Some neighbours said the porter didn’t work well.• It ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

• 6. People say that life is hard for today’s teens.• Life is said to be hard for today´s teens.• 7. The public think Woody Allen’s films are great.• It is thought that Woody´s Allen´s films are great.• 8. The review thought Dean’s books were boring and uninteresting.• Dean’s books were thought to be boring and uninteresting.• 9. The reporter said the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• It is said that the earthquake had caused lots of casualties.• 10. Everybody believed that Picasso’s exhibition had been a success.• Picasso’s exhibition was believed to have been a success.• 11. Some neighbours said the porter (portero) didn’t work well.• It is said that the porter didn’t work well.

• 12. Nobody expected that the meeting ended in such a mess.• The meeting ……………………………………………………………………

• 12. Nobody expected that the meeting ended in such a mess.• The meeting wasn´t expected to have ended in such a mess.

• 12. Nobody expected that the meeting ended in such a mess.• The meeting wasn´t expected to have ended in such a mess.• 13. The surveys predict that the liberal party will be the elections.• The liberal party …………………………………………………………………

• 12. Nobody expected that the meeting ended in such a mess.• The meeting wasn´t expected to have ended in such a mess.• 13. The surveys predict that the liberal party will be in the

elections.• The liberal party is predicted to be in the elctions

elections.• The liberal party is predicted to be in the elections• 14. Doctors don’t think the new anti-smoking law will benefit

people’s health.• The new anti-smoking law………………………….…………………………….

people’s health.• The new anti-smoking law is not thought to benefit people´s

health.

• 12. Nobody expected that the meeting ended in such a mess.• The meeting wasn´t expected to have ended in such a mess.• 13. The surveys predict that the liberal party will be in the elections.• The liberal party is predicted to be in the elections• 14. Doctors don’t think the new anti-smoking law will benefit

people’s health.• The new anti-smoking law is not thought to benefit people´s health.• 15. People say that the company is going to make lots of workers

redundant.• The company• …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…….

people’s health.• The new anti-smoking law is not thought to benefit people´s

health.• 15. People say that the company is going to make lots of workers

redundant.• The company is said to make lots of workers redundant.

redundant.• The company is said to make lots of workers redundant.• 16. Researchers expect that the new drug will improve the patients’

life.• It

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

redundant.• The company is said to make lots of workers redundant.• 16. Researchers expect that the new drug will improve the patients’

life.• It is expected that the new drug will improve the patients’ life.

• 12. Nobody expected that the meeting ended in such a mess.• The meeting wasn´t expected to have ended in such a mess.• 13. The surveys predict that the liberal party will be in the elections.• The liberal party is predicted to be in the elections• 14. Doctors don’t think the new anti-smoking law will benefit people’s

health.• The new anti-smoking law is not thought to benefit people´s health.• 15. People say that the company is going to make lots of workers

redundant.• The company is said to make lots of workers redundant.• 16. Researchers expect that the new drug will improve the patients’ life.• It is expected that the new drug will improve the patients’ life.• 17. People believe that 2012 will be better.• 2012

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

• 12. Nobody expected that the meeting ended in such a mess.• The meeting wasn´t expected to have ended in such a mess.• 13. The surveys predict that the liberal party will be in the elections.• The liberal party is predicted to be in the elections• 14. Doctors don’t think the new anti-smoking law will benefit people’s

health.• The new anti-smoking law is not thought to benefit people´s health.• 15. People say that the company is going to make lots of workers

redundant.• The company is said to make lots of workers redundant.• 16. Researchers expect that the new drug will improve the patients’ life.• It is expected that the new drug will improve the patients’ life.• 17. People believe that 2012 will be better.• 2012 is believed to be better.

2. Rewrite these sentences using have/get something done:

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We …………………………………………………………………

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter………………………………………………………………………………………

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter is having his eyes tested next week.

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter is having his eyes tested next week.• 3. The gardener will replant our garden next Friday.• We ……………………………………………………………………………………

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter is having his eyes tested next week.• 3. The gardener will replant our garden next Friday.• We will have our garden replanted next Friday.

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter is having his eyes tested next week.• 3. The gardener will replant our garden next Friday.• We will have our garden replanted next Friday.• 4. Tom’s mother washed his jeans yesterday.• Tom ……………………………………………………………………….

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter is having his eyes tested next week.• 3. The gardener will replant our garden next Friday.• We will have our garden replanted next Friday.• 4. Tom’s mother washed his jeans yesterday.• Tom had his jeans washed yesterday.

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter is having his eyes tested next week.• 3. The gardener will replant our garden next Friday.• We will have our garden replanted next Friday.• 4. Tom’s mother washed his jeans yesterday.• Tom had his jeans washed yesterday.• 5. I’m going to the go the hairdresser’s on Monday. I need a haircut.• I ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

• 1. The technician has just fixed the TV aerial.• We have just had/got the TV aerial fixed.• 2. Dr Brown is testing Peter’s eyes next week.• Peter is having his eyes tested next week.• 3. The gardener will replant our garden next Friday.• We will have our garden replanted next Friday.• 4. Tom’s mother washed his jeans yesterday.• Tom had his jeans washed yesterday.• 5. I’m going to the go the hairdresser’s on Monday. I need a

haircut.• I am going to have my hair cut on Monday.

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• The classrooms

……………………………………………………………………………………………

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary ……………………………………………………………………………………

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary is having coffee made.

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary is having coffee made. • 8. The vet will vaccinate her dog on Monday.• She ………………………………………………………………………………..……

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary is having coffee made. • 8. The vet will vaccinate her dog on Monday.• She will have her dog vaccinated on Monday.

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary is having coffee made. • 8. The vet will vaccinate her dog on Monday.• She will have her dog vaccinated on Monday.• 9. The cobbler has mended the children’s shoes.• The children …………………………………………………………………………

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary is having coffee made. • 8. The vet will vaccinate her dog on Monday.• She will have her dog vaccinated on Monday.• 9. The cobbler has mended the children’s shoes.• The children have the shoes mended.

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary is having coffee made. • 8. The vet will vaccinate her dog on Monday.• She will have her dog vaccinated on Monday.• 9. The cobbler has mended the children’s shoes.• The children have the shoes mended.• 10. Someone stole my mum’s purse last week.• My mum

……………………………………………………………………………………

• 6. The painters have already redecorated the classrooms.• I have already had the classrooms redecorated.• 7. Mary’s husband is making coffee for her.• Mary is having coffee made. • 8. The vet will vaccinate her dog on Monday.• She will have her dog vaccinated on Monday.• 9. The cobbler has mended the children’s shoes.• The children have the shoes mended.• 10. Someone stole my mum’s purse last week.• My mum had her purse stolen last week.

• 11. The dressmaker hasn’t made Sue’s wedding dress yet.• Sue …………………………………………………………………………………..

• 11. The dressmaker hasn’t made Sue’s wedding dress yet.• Sue hasn´t had her dress made yet.

• 11. The dressmaker hasn’t made Sue’s wedding dress yet.• Sue hasn´t had her dress made yet.• 12. A famous architect designed London’s new art gallery in

2010.• London ………………………………………………………………………………….

2010.• London had a new art gallery designed in 2010.

2010.• London had a new art gallery designed in 2010.• 13. The windows look brilliant! Who has cleaned them?• I ……………………………………………………………………………………………

2010.• London had a new art gallery designed in 2010.• 13. The windows look brilliant! Who has cleaned them?• I have had the windows cleaned.

2010.• London had a new art gallery designed in 2010.• 13. The windows look brilliant! Who has cleaned them?• I have had the windows cleaned.• 14. Mum had ironed the clothes for the party.• We …………………………………………………………………………………………..

……

2010.• London had a new art gallery designed in 2010.• 13. The windows look brilliant! Who has cleaned them?• I have had the windows cleaned.• 14. Mum had ironed the clothes for the party.• We had had the clothes ironed for the party.

• 11. The dressmaker hasn’t made Sue’s wedding dress yet.• Sue hasn´t had her dress made yet.• 12. A famous architect designed London’s new art gallery in 2010.• London had a new art gallery designed in 2010.• 13. The windows look brilliant! Who has cleaned them?• I have had the windows cleaned.• 14. Mum had ironed the clothes for the party.• We had had the clothes ironed for the party.• 15. The workmen are repairing The Smiths’ roof.• The Smiths

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……

2010.• London had a new art gallery designed in 2010.• 13. The windows look brilliant! Who has cleaned them?• I have had the windows cleaned.• 14. Mum had ironed the clothes for the party.• We had had the clothes ironed for the party.• 15. The workmen are repairing The Smiths’ roof.• The Smiths are having the roof repaired.

• 16. Sarah needs a filling. She is going to visit the dentist as soon as possible.

• Sarah ………………………………………………………………………………………

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled.

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled. • 17. The bricklayer is building our new country cottage.• We are having our country cottage built.

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled. • 17. The bricklayer is building our new country cottage.• We are having our country cottage built.• 18. An international cook will prepare the Blacks’ reception.• The Blacks …………………………………………………………………………………

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled. • 17. The bricklayer is building our new country cottage.• We are having our country cottage built.• 18. An international cook will prepare the Blacks’ reception.• The Blacks will have the reception prepared.

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled. • 17. The bricklayer is building our new country cottage.• We are having our country cottage built.• 18. An international cook will prepare the Blacks’ reception.• The Blacks will have the reception prepared.• 19. The photographer developed Meg’s summer photos.• Meg ………………………………………………………………………………

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled. • 17. The bricklayer is building our new country cottage.• We are having our country cottage built.• 18. An international cook will prepare the Blacks’ reception.• The Blacks will have the reception prepared.• 19. The photographer developed Meg’s summer photos.• Meg had her summer photos developed.

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled. • 17. The bricklayer is building our new country cottage.• We are having our country cottage built.• 18. An international cook will prepare the Blacks’ reception.• The Blacks will have the reception prepared.• 19. The photographer developed Meg’s summer photos.• Meg had her summer photos developed.• 20. My nails look terrible. I need a manicure.• ………………………………………………………………………………

• Sarah is going to have her tooth filled. • 17. The bricklayer is building our new country cottage.• We are having our country cottage built.• 18. An international cook will prepare the Blacks’ reception.• The Blacks will have the reception prepared.• 19. The photographer developed Meg’s summer photos.• Meg had her summer photos developed.• 20. My nails look terrible. I need a manicure.• I am going to have my nails polished.

Impersonal passive 23

Education

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Impersonal trust in organisations

THE “ SE IMPERSONAL” WHEN WE DO NOT KNOW/REFERENCE WHO IS DOING THE ACTION THE PASSIVE VOICE

Livre 165x235 LCA23 - Safran · Chapter Four — Non-verbal clauses 81 ... Imperfective and perfective participles 110 3. ... The impersonal passive 164 4

Passives and impersonalsa.donabedian.free.fr/textes/BlevinsJL39.pdf · Passive and impersonal constructions have a strikingly diﬀerent status in current theoretical and descriptive

CHAPTER 13 · PASSIVE REPORT STRUCTURE / IMPERSONAL PASSIVE CHAPTER 13 ... Everybody thinks that she sings beautifully ... Everybody says that he settled

książki, które uczą i testują Paraphrases B2. Part 1 · Impersonal structures 1 10 Passive voice 10 ..... 32 Impersonal structures 2. 11 Passive voice 11..... 34 Prepositional

New 1 · 2018. 9. 4. · - 2 - Quantifiers to make comparison √ Personal and impersonal passive Indirect questions Expressing wishes and regrets Conditional sentences ( if zero