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ARVIN santosbuendia
INTRODUCTION
TO
PROGRAMMING
OBJECTIVES
1.Define COMPUTER SCIENCE2.List and explain terms related to PROGRAMMING3.Summarize what LANGUAGE and SUB-LANGUAGE means and
relate it with PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE4.Differentiate LOW-LEVEL , MIDDLE-LEVEL and HIGH-LEVEL
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE5.List the 5 process involves in SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE
PROCESS6.Explain each process in the SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE PROCESS
COMPUTER SCIENCE
PROGRAMMING
is the art and science of creating computer programs
is also called software engineering which is a multistep process for creating a program
ALGORITHM – is a set of ordered steps for solving a
problem
LOGIC – is the theory and art of critical and analytical
reasoning
PROGRAM – is a list of instructions that the
computer must follow to process data into
information
PROGRAMMER – the person who creates a program, he makes the computer to “act
intelligently” or not
CODING – is simply typing words and numbers onto a
computer
ENCODER – the person who type characters onto the
computer
GIGO – Garbage In, Garbage Out
CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Language is a medium for
communication
Languages we speak are called
natural languages
Programminglanguage is a subsetof the set of natural
languages
It contains all the symbols, characters, and usage rules
that permit a human being to communicate with computers
Varieties of programming languages have been invented
over the years of computer history
CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGESHIGH LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE MIDDLE LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE LOW LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
VISUAL BASIC/JAVA TURBO – C ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
unsigned int fib(unsigned int n)
if n <= 0 thenreturn 0
else if n <= 2 then return 1
else Dim a = 1, b = 1, c, n as Integer while (true) c = a + bif n <= 3 thenreturn c a = b b = c n=n-1 wendend if
end if
unsigned int fib(unsigned int n) { if (n <= 0) return 0; else if (n <= 2) return 1; else { int a,b,c; a = 1; b = 1; while (true) { c = a + b; if (n <= 3) return c; a = b; b = c; n--; }}}
fib: mov edx, [esp+8] cmp edx, 0 ja @f mov eax, 0 ret
@@: cmp edx, 2 ja @f mov eax, 1 ret @@: push ebxmov ebx, 1 mov ecx, 1 @@: lea eax, [ebx+ecx] cmp edx, 3 jbe @f mov ebx, ecxmov ecx, eaxdec edxjmp @b @@: pop ebxret
SDLC - SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
SDLC – PROBLEM ANALYSIS
Define the problemand the user
Determine the desired output
Determine the desired inputs
Determine the desired processing
Double check the feasibility of
implementing the program
Document the analysis
SDLC – PROGRAM DESIGN
Top-Down Approach
Algorithm
Pseudocode
Flowchart
Do a structured walkthrough
SDLC – PROGRAM CODING
• Computations
• Database
• Web
• Information System
Select the appropriate
programming language
• syntax of a computer language is the set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered to be a correctly structured document or fragment in that language
Follow the syntax
SDLC – PROGRAM TESTING
SDLC – DOCUMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE
User Documentation
Operator Documentation
Programmer documentation
Maintain the program
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