Introduction to digital libraries - definitions, examples, concepts and trends

Lecture for the course “The Library” at Leiden University, 25-11-2013

Olaf Janssen, National Library of the Netherlands

olaf.janssen@kb.nl - @ookgezellig - slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL

Introduction to digital libraries Definitions, examples, concepts and trends

Lecture for the course “The Library” at Leiden University, 25-11-2013

Olaf Janssen, National Library of the Netherlands

olaf.janssen@kb.nl - @ookgezellig - slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL

Introduction to digital libraries Definitions, examples, concepts and trends

± 50 min ± 40 min

Hi, I’m Olaf Janssen I’m a GLAM-Wiki & Open Data Coordinator at the National Library of the Netherlands (KB) GLAM-Wiki coordinator??? That means I initiate and coordinate projects to strengthen the collaboration between the KB and Wikimedia-projects (such as Wikipedia) Open Data coordinator??? That means I make sure KB’s open data and APIs get used by as many parties and services as possible

olaf.janssen@kb.nl @ookgezellig

slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL

My presentation philosophy

This slidedeck is optimised

slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL

What I hope you’ll get out of this talk 1. Basic understanding of what a digital library is

2. Understanding of some basic concepts and trends

over time in digital libraries

3. Understanding how these trends relate to “2.0”

How does my talk fit in the overall course?

In my talk:

digital

In my talk:

front-end/UX of digital libraries

In my talk: Online/web

Alright, let’s go!

I’ll start with a bit of

history

http://www.iupui.edu/~g115/assets/mod03/earth_history.jpg

Not all of history, only

human history

http://www.mitchellteachers.net/WorldHistory/templates/images/earlyhumans/humanancestorsmainpic.jpg

Not all of human history, only

internet history

http://joaobordalo.com/files/topInternetHistory.png

Not all of internet history, only

history of websites

http://joaobordalo.com/files/topInternetHistory.png

Not all of internet history, only

history of the web

http://www.everyjoe.com/2007/09/05/technology/pc-magazines-top-100-classic-web-sites/

http://www.everyjoe.com/2007/09/05/technology/pc-magazines-top-100-classic-web-sites/chunk.id=ss1-5-6

Context

Historic development of the web : Rise of Web2.0

You read this article in preparation

http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html

Web2.0 key concepts Tim O’Reilly (2005) What is Web 2.0: Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software

1. The long tail 2. Data is the next Intel Inside 3. Users add value 4. Network effects by default 5. Some rights reserved 6. The perpetual beta 7. Software above the level of a single device 8. Cooperate, don't control

Slide taken from http://www.slideshare.net/edsonm/michael-edson-let-us-go-boldly-into-the-future

Tim O’Reilly (2005) What is Web 2.0: Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0

Not history of all the web, only the web in library

context digital libraries

(like Delpher, newest DL-site of the KB)

First things first

What is a digital library

(there is no unique definition..)

but let’s give it a shot…

“a library in which collections are stored in

electronic media formats […] and accessible via computers.

The electronic content may be stored locally, or

accessed remotely via computer networks.”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_library

“[..] at Stanford University, some discussion was held as to

what did we mean by the term "digital library“”. [..]

it would be valuable [..] to document a common understanding of the term, but agreed that […] we could

not and would not aim for a general consensus.

http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html

The term "Digital Library" has a variety of potential

meanings,

ranging from a digitized collection of material that one might find in a traditional library

through to the collection of all digital information along

with the services that make that information

useful to all possible users.

The term "Digital Library" has a variety of potential

meanings,

ranging from a digitized collection of material that one might find in a traditional library

through to the collection of all digital information along

with the services that make that information

useful to all possible users.

[..] the following definition was proposed: The Digital Library is:

– The collection of services

– And the collection of information objects

– That support users in dealing with information objects

– And the organization and presentation of those objects

– Accessable directly or indirectly via electronic/digital means

The Digital Library Reference Model (2011)

(273 pages!)

“…a potentially virtual organisation, that

comprehensively collects, manages and preserves for the long depth of time rich digital content, and offers to its targeted user communities [..] according to comprehensive

codified policies."

The Digital Library Reference Model - http://bscw.research-infrastructures.eu/pub/bscw.cgi/d222816/D3.2b%20Digital%20Library%20Reference

%20Model.pdf

“Digital libraries are organised collections of digital content made available to the public.“

http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/information_society/strategies/l24226i_en.htm

Google (search) ≠ DL

And there are many more definitions…*

* Such as https://www.ischool.utexas.edu/~i385d/readings/Borgman-1999-What_Are_Digital_Libraries.pdf

Let’s summarize the red key phrases

we’ve just seen...

too textual, vague,

abstract

No worries, let’s look at

11 real life examples of digital libraries

to improve our understanding

too textual, vague,

abstract

No worries, let’s look at

11 real life examples of digital libraries

to improve our understanding

E-lev-en?!!

Yes, sorry…. I really need some critical mass here, each example will become a ‘datapoint’ for making

some trend plots later on (I will keep it brief, you can study them in more detail at home)

4 cultural heritage domains

1. Library: publications Books, magazines, newspapers

2. Archive: primary documents (unique & unpublished) Public records, government docs, legal administrations

4. Audio-visual: recordings Films, audio, TV, radio, speeches, plays

3. Museum: artefacts Paintings, drawings, sculpture, instruments, flora, fauna

2. Archive: primary documents (unique & unpublished) Public records, government docs, legal administrations

4. Audio-visual: recordings Films, audio, TV, radio, speeches, plays

Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums

= CH-sector

1. KB Catalogue opc4.kb.nl

Focus on raw metadata, no full-texts, no visuals

1. KB Catalogue opc4.kb.nl

Replacement of card catalogue

• Content/UX: Raw metadata (no full-texts, no visuals)

• Content domain: library (books, newspapers, magazines)

• Run by: commercial company (OCLC)

• Content partners: Institutional (KB)

• User involvement: none; 1-directional institutional broadcasting; “See what KB has” (Web1.0)

2. LibraryThing Librarything.com

Focus on metadata, no full-texts, tiny visuals

2. LibraryThing Librarything.com

User generated content

Web2.0 library catalogue

• Content/UX: Raw metadata-oriented (no full-texts, poor visuals)

• Content domain: library (books)

• Run by: commercial company (40% Amazon)

• Content partners: user community (Web2.0)

• User involvement: very strong: “Contribute & share your

metadata” (Web2.0)

Web2.0: “Harnessing collective intelligence”

Web2.0 library catalogue

• Content/UX: Raw metadata-oriented (no full-texts, poor visuals)

• Run by: commercial company (40% Amazon)

• User involvement: very strong: “Contribute & share your

metadata” (Web2.0)

Further reading • http://carl-acrl.org/ig/carlitn/9.07.2007/LTFL.pdf • http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0737-

8831&volume=27&issue=1&articleid=1775785&show=pdf

3. Delpher Delpher.nl

Focus on visuals, not metadata

Focus on OCR, not metadata

Metadata-based advanced search

Joint effort

Multiple content partners

delpher.nl/nl/pages/partners

3. Delpher Delpher.nl Full-text historic Dutch publications

• Content/UX: Full-text: visuals & OCR, with metadata-

based searching

• Content domain: library (publications)

• Run by: non-commercial institution (KB)

• Content partners: Institutional (libraries, archives, newspaper publishers etc.)

• User involvement: none; “See what full-text publications we have” (Web1.0)

Further reading (historic newspapers only, precursor of Delpher) • http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january08/klijn/01klijn.html • http://kranten.kb.nl/documents/newsletter_IFLA_no19_2009.pdf

4. Digital Library for Dutch Literature dbnl.org

Focus on full-text…

4. Digital Library for Dutch Literature dbnl.org

… with metadata for searching

4. Digital Library for Dutch Literature dbnl.org Full-text Dutch literature database

• Content/UX: Full-text: OCR & PDF (scans), with metadata

for search

• Content domain: library (literature, publications)

• Run by: non-commercial institution (Society of Dutch Literature)

• Content partners: none (own SDL-collection)

• User involvement: none; “See what we SDL have” (Web1.0)

Further reading • van Stipriaan, Rene. "Future proofing Dutch literature-Rene van Stipriaan

answers questions about the Digital Library for Dutch Literature, how it was started and why users like it." Research Information 41 (2009): 13.

5. Google Books books.google.com

Focus on full-text

5. Google Books books.google.com

Joint effort

Many big libraries (incl. KB) as content partners

5. Google Books books.google.com World largest e-book store

• Content/UX: Full-texts: e-books + e-magazines

• Run by: commercial company (Google)

• Content partners: Institutional - big libraries worldwide (eg.

KB, Oxford, Stanford, Harvard)

• User involvement: weak, users can contribute book reviews (“Web1.1”)

Further reading • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Books_Library_Project • http://liber.library.uu.nl/index.php/lq/article/download/URN%3ANBN%3ANL%3

AUI%3A10-1-113624/8371 • http://newsbreaks.infotoday.com/nbreader.asp?ArticleID=16307

6. Project Gutenberg gutenberg.org

E-books, focus on full-text

6. Project Gutenberg gutenberg.org Free public domain e-books (since 1971!)

• Content/UX: Full-text e-books

• Run by: not-for-profit company (foundation, PGLAF)

• Content partners: Institutional (publishers)

• User involvement: some; users can contribute books, reviews,

comments etc. (self.gutenberg.org) (“Web1.5”)

Further reading • http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Gutenberg:About • http://www.enebooks.com/data/JK82mxJBHsrAsdHqQvsK/2010-01-17/1263695736.pdf

Access ’90s – websites are T.F.O.’s 7. Wikisource wikisource.org

Focus on full-text

Access ’90s – websites are T.F.O.’s 7. Wikisource wikisource.org Open full-text library & archive

• Content/UX: Rights-free full-texts (novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches,

constitutional and historical documents, laws etc.)

• Content domains: library & archive

• Run by: User-community, supported by not-for-profit organisation

(Wikimedia Foundation)

• User involvement: very strong: “Contribute, improve, share & re-

use texts” (Web2.0)

Web2.0: “Design for remixability"

Access ’90s – websites are T.F.O.’s 7. Wikisource wikisource.org Open full-text library & archive

• Content/UX: Rights-free full-texts (novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches,

constitutional and historical documents, laws etc.)

• Content domains: library & archive

• Run by: User-community, supported by not-for-profit organisation

(Wikimedia Foundation)

• User involvement: very strong: “Contribute, improve, share & re-

use texts” (Web2.0)

Further reading • https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Community_portal

Memory of the Netherlands

8.Memory of the Netherlands Geheugenvannederland.nl

Metadata and image get about same amount of

attention

“visual catalogue”

Joint effort

Hosted by KB 100 content partners

133 collections

8.Memory of the Netherlands Geheugenvannederland.nl Dutch cultural heritage media database

• Content/UX: “Visual catalogue” : metadata + low/mid-res

images, sounds, videos

• Content domains: museum, archive, library, AV

• Run by: non-commercial institution (KB)

• Content partners: Institutional - 100 Dutch GLAMs

• User involvement: none; “See what we GLAMs have” (Web1.0)

Further reading • http://www.archimuse.com/publishing/ichim03/073C.pdf

9. Europeana europeana.eu

Metadata and image get about same amount of

attention

“visual catalogue”

9. Europeana europeana.eu

Joint effort

100s content providers from Europe

9. Europeana europeana.eu European cultural heritage aggregator

• Content/UX: “Visual catalogue”: metadata + low/mid-res

images (sounds, videos, texts)

• Content domains: museum, archive, library, AV

• Run by: non-commercial organisation (Europeana Foundation), with voice from content partners

• Content partners: Institutional - 100s of European GLAMs

• User involvement: none; “See what we have” (Web1.0)

Further reading • http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0264-

0473&volume=27&issue=6&articleid=1827227&show=pdf • https://liber.library.uu.nl/index.php/lq/article/download/URN%3ANBN%3ANL%3AUI%3A10-1-

113558/8239 • http://pro.europeana.eu

10. Flickr The Commons flickr.com/commons

Joint effort

10s content providers worldwide

Focus on visual, page doesn’t feel “metadata-y”

Web2.0 “Wisdom of the crowd”

Crowd-curation Folksonomy

Web2.0 “Wisdom of the crowd”

Crowd-curation Folksonomy

Crowd-curated open photo archive • Content/UX: Rights-free rich visuals: mid/hi-res images,

metadata secondary

• Content domain: library, archive, museum

• Run by: commercial company (Yahoo)

• Content partners: Institutional - 10s GLAMs worldwide

• User involvement: some; users can contribute comments, tags etc. (“Web1.5”)

Further reading • http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/flickr_report_final.pdf • http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/19/technology/internet/19link.html?_r=1&partner=permalink

&exprod=permalink • http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/portal_libraries_and_the_academy/v010/10.2.vaughan.pdf

11. Rijksmuseum rijksmuseum.nl

125,000 rights-free ultra hi-res images

Focus on hi-res images Metadata “almost invisible”

125,000 rights free images re-usable

for everbody, everywhere

Rijksstudio Pinterest meets RM-

collection

http://mw2013.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/rijksstudio-make-your-own-masterpiece/

11.a Rijksstudio rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio

Rijksstudio Pinterest meets RM-

collection

Crowd-curation discovering cross-collection

themes

Crowd-curation: discovering cross-collection themes

11. Rijksstudio rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio Free hi-res artworks photo database

• Content/UX: Rights-free ultra hi-res images, metadata “under

the hood”

• Content domain: museum

• Run by: non-commercial institution (Rijksmuseum)

• Content partners: none, own RM-collection

• User involvement: some, via Rijksstudio: users can create Pinterest-like boards, incl. user-curation (“Web1.5”)

Further reading • http://mw2013.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/rijksstudio-make-your-own-

masterpiece/

OK, so far for the 11 DL-examples….

I did not choose them randomly…

Let’s use their properties as input for some plots…

Metadata-oriented Classic catalogues No images Raw metadata in your face

Visually oriented (hi-res) Images in your face Metadata “under the hood”

“Dressed-up catalogues” Mix of metadata and visual

“all about full-texts”

1. Content/Presentation/UX What does the DL look & feel like?

KB Catalogue

“Dressed up catalogues” Mix of metadata and visual

KB Catalogue

Flickr The Commons

KB Catalogue Flickr The Commons

Flickr The Commons

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

Europeana

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

Europeana

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

Europeana

Digital Library for Dutch Literature

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

Europeana Digital Library for Dutch Literature

KB Catalogue Digital Library for Dutch Literature

LibraryThing

Europeana

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

LibraryThing

Europeana

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

LibraryThing

Europeana

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

Memory of the Netherlands Delpher

LibraryThing

Europeana

Rijksmuseum/studio

Google books

Project Gutenberg

Wikisource

Flickr The Commons

Delpher

2. Domain of content Which CH-domain(s) contribute to the DL?

Archives documents

Cross-domain Content from libraries, museums and archives

Libraries publications

Museums artefacts

Archives documents

Rijksmuseum/studio

KB Catalogue

LibraryThing

Google books

Digital Library for

Dutch Literature

Project Gutenberg

Museums artefacts

Archives documents

Rijksmuseum/studio

Delpher

KB Catalogue

LibraryThing

Google books

Digital Library for

Dutch Literature

Project Gutenberg

Wikisource

Museums artefacts

Archives documents

Rijksmuseum/studio

Delpher

KB Catalogue

LibraryThing

Europeana

Flickr The Commons Google books

Digital Library for

Dutch Literature

Project Gutenberg

Wikisource

Museums artefacts

Archives documents

Rijksmuseum/studio

Delpher

International National Dutch

3. Geo scope What’s the geographical scope of the DL?

Continental European

Local/regional

Rijksstudio

International Local/regional National Dutch

Delpher

Europeana

Rijksstudio

Delpher

LibraryThing Europeana

Flickr The Commons

Google books

Project Gutenberg

Wikisource

Rijksstudio

Delpher

User content “We are nothing without contributions from our users”

Institutional content “We do it ourself, we show off our own content” (no partner content, no user generated content)

4. Collaboration between content partners

Who provides content & value for our DL?

Partner content “We add value by collaboration, we need & show content from our institutional partners”

Web2.0: “Users add value”

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

KB Catalogue Europeana

Memory of the Netherlands Rijksmuseum

/studio

Delpher

KB Catalogue LibraryThing

Europeana

Wikisource Rijksmuseum/studio

Delpher

KB Catalogue LibraryThing

Europeana

Wikisource

Flickr The Commons

Rijksmuseum/studio

Project Gutenberg

Google books

Delpher

Institution(s) in control and (very) nervous about user contributions

5. Control Who decides how the DL develops?

User-controlled The community is in control, no need for institutions

Web2.0: “Radical trust”

Users can contribute, we trust them, but institution/company keeps control

KB Catalogue

Europeana

Delpher

KB Catalogue Wikisource

Europeana

Delpher

KB Catalogue Wikisource

Europeana

Flickr The Commons

LibraryThing

Rijksmuseum/studio

Project Gutenberg

Google books

Delpher

6. Openness Can others reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?

Web2.0: “Some rights reserved”

Fully open You can do anything you like with our content, no conditions apply

Creative Commons You can remix and share under certain conditions

6. Openness Can others reuse, revise, remix, redistribute the DL content?

Web2.0: “Some rights reserved”

Further reading • “The 4 Rs” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_content • Open culture - http://www.ciac.ca/en/open-culture-definition-en

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

Europeana (metadata)

Project Gutenberg

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Flickr The Commons

Project Gutenberg

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Google books

Delpher

Flickr The Commons

Wikisource (CC-BY-SA)

Project Gutenberg

KB Catalogue

Rijksmuseum/studio

Google books

Delpher

These plots represent some

trends in DL-development

Past Present

1.0 2.0

“Not” “Hot”

CONCEPT PAST PRESENT

Content – Presentation - UX

Metadata in your face - “Raw” library catalogue - No / low-res images

Objects in your face - Full-texts & OCR - Hi-res images - Metadata “under the hood”

Collaboration between institutions

Single institution Institutions do it themselves, no partners

Multiple institutions Institutions realize they stand stronger with partners

Collaboration between domains

Single domain Institutions collaborate within own domain

Single & cross-domain Institutions also collaborate outside own domain, are aware of added value cross-domain approach can bring

Geo-scope of DL Local Scope is local (regional, national), unaware of bigger world

‘Global village’ Local initiatives & services are aware of the bigger world, and their roles within it

User contribution Institutions add content & value - 1-directional institutional broadcasting - Users are passive consumers

Users also add content & value - Users are creators - Harnassing collective intellligence, crowd-curation, folksonomy

Control Institution(s) in control The wishes of our users are scary and complex, we know what’s best for them

User voice heard Our users are our co-developers, they give us valuable input how we should develop our DL

Openness of content (reuse, revise, remix, redistribute)

Open - We propagate sharing & remixing our content, as far as legitimate rightholders are not harmed - Creative Commons

.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

OK, now we have at least some understanding of

basic concepts and trends in DLs…

In terms of

we’ve just looked at…

Let’s now look at 3 less directly visible ingredients

of DLs

strategy

What I’m trying to say here:

DL webservices don’t just run by themselves, it

takes organisation, management & strategy

to build them, keep ‘m running and make ‘m grow….

Let’s look at (only) one trend in this field…

Content & brand distribution trend

Less “Come to daddy” More “Dressing up as pandas”

http://communist812.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/come-to-daddy-2.jpg

We GLAMS expect people to take the trouble to leave their trusted online hang-outs to visit our little, geeky, not-so-sexy

DL-sites, to consume our DL-content, services & brand

We GLAMS expect people to take the trouble to leave their trusted online hang-outs to visit our little, geeky, not-so-sexy

DL-sites, to consume our DL-content, services & brand We have to make an awful lot of noise (=institutional marketing) to make people like our little boutique

On the modern web (most) DL-sites are niche market “boutiques” with relatively local

or specialized audiences

… but honestly, often we’re just too small

for that..

We (ie. GLAMs) expect people to take the trouble to leave their trusted online hang-outs to visit our little, geeky, not-so-sexy

DL-site, to consume our DL-content & brand We have to make an awful lot of noise (=institutional marketing) to try to make people like our little, geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site & brand

http://www.collaboration-incontext.com/2006/12/enterprise_20_t.html

Web2.0:

“The long tail”

We GLAMs know the big, cool, popular platforms & communities normal people use in their daily lives (Google, Youtube, social networks, Wikipedia, App stores, etc.)

Mass markets “Department stores” with global audiences

(head of long tail)

Because we realize most normal people won’t take the trouble to come to our little,

geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site, we have to find a … Most people go to

dept. stores instead of boutiques

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1336070/Why-Chinese-scientists-dressing-Panda-suits-fool-bear-cubs.html

Because we realize most normal people won’t take the trouble to come to our little,

geeky, not-so-sexy DL-site, we have to find a … Cunning trick! We “dress up as pandas” to seamlessly fit into the existing platforms, communities and workflows, so we can more easily distribute our niche DL-content, services & brand to global audiences In addition to traditional marketing, we also rely on mouth-to-mouth 2.0 to make our niche DL-content, services & brand known and liked

We set up in-store boutiques!

Some dressing up styles of GLAMS

1. Search engine optimisation (dressing up to be liked by Google)

• Collaboration with Wikipedia

(dressing up to be liked by curious people)

• Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)

(dressing up to be visually liked)

• Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)

(dressing up to be seen & gossiped about)

• Offering APIs (dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)

http://fc01.deviantart.net/fs71/i/2013/118/2/4/google_in_a_dress_by_wingsade-d63g1ce.png

Further reading • What is SEO? - http://searchengineland.com/guide/what-is-seo • What’s the problem? - http://jpwilkin.blogspot.nl/2011/01/our-hidden-digital-libraries-july-27.html • SEO and metadata - http://eprints.rclis.org/13518/1/AD_Google.doc.pdf • Best paractices - http://www.libsuccess.org/Search_Engine_Optimization_%28SEO%29

2. Collaboration with Wikipedia

• Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)

http://partnersinexcellenceblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/curious.jpg

Which information sources does NL use most? (*)

• Google: 82%

• Wikipedia: 52%

• Books and libraries: 1%

* http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/nl/d/d6/Z1676_Vereniging_Wikimedia_Nederland_rp03.pdf (in Dutch, slide 34)

70% of Dutch people use Wikipedia

More than 35% use it weekly

(Digital) libraries can reach significantly larger audiences by

exposing their materials on Wikipedia

KB manuscripts case study

Medieval Illuminated Manuscripts manuscripts.kb.nl

Wikipedia in German

Wikipedia in French

Wikipedia in Bavarian

Wikipedia in Hungarian

Wikipedia in Russian

Wikipedia in Chinese

Wikipedia in Korean

This baker image is not the only image from KB that is used on Wikipedia.

In total KB offers 776 images for Wikipedia

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Royal_Library,_The_Hague

Using Wikipedia, these images are seen all over the world

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CountryWorldMap_LangaugeVersionsWikipediaContainingKBImages_30092013.png#file

This maps shows the countries (red) in which Wikipedia articles containing images related to the National library of the Netherlands (KB) have been consulted (dd 30-9-2013)

Some statistics on the KB manuscripts (*)

This site contains 11.141 images

* http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Koninklijke_Bibliotheek_en_Nationaal_Archief/Resultaten/KPIs/KPI8/CasestudyKBManuscripten#Impact_Wikipedia_:_casestudy_KB-manuscripten (in Dutch) ** 1 july - 30 sept 2013

In 3 months (**) these 11.141 images were seen in 33.324 page views

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Royal_Library,_The_Hague,_manuscripts

Of these 11.141 images, (only) 163 are used in

Wikipedia articles

In the same 3 months these 163 images were seen in 2.336.000 (!) Wikipedia article views

Some statistics on the KB manuscripts (*)

BANG!!

3. Social content sharing (Flickr, Pinterest..)

http://tweakers.net/ext/f/ABh9LXs58VV9cBY3VnMBvbLf/full.jpg

http://www.pinterest.com/amlibraries/featured-digital-libraries

http://www.pinterest.com/britishlibrary/

http://www.pinterest.com/uscdiglib/

http://www.pinterest.com/uscdiglib/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/imlsdcc/sets/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/koninklijkebibliotheek/sets/

4. Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)

(dressing up to be seen, gossiped and liked)

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-fGneNjF84zM/TZTAzh8wd6I/AAAAAAAAGCc/jWh3C5gk6LI/s1600/gossip1.jpg

Screenshot of feed of @ookgezellig 23-11-2013@00:33

“seamlessly fit into people’s exisitng workflows”

Mouth-to-mouth gossip about Delpher.nl - Screenshot 23-11-2013@01:53

Tweets about Delpher.nl - Screenshot 23-11-2013@01:53

4. Ego networks (Facebook, Twitter ..)

5. Offering APIs (dressing up to be liked by businesses & developers)

http://media.edge-online.com/wp-content/uploads/edgeonline/2012/10/journodevswap.jpg

My DACH 2014 lecture

OK, that was about it!

.. but please let me update the trends table for you!

CONCEPT PAST PRESENT

Geo-scope of DL Local Scope is local (regional, national), unaware of bigger world

‘Global village’ Local initiatives & services are aware of the bigger world, and their roles within it

User contribution Institutions add content & value - 1-directional institutional broadcasting - Users are passive consumers

Users also add content & value - Users are creators - Harnassing collective intellligence, crowd-curation, folksonomy

Control Institution(s) in control The wishes of our users are scary and complex, we know what’s best for them

User voice heard Our users are our co-developers, they give us valuable input how we should develop our DL

Openness of content (reuse, revise, remix, redistribute)

Open - We propagate sharing & remixing our content, as far as legitimate rightholders are not harmed - Creative Commons

Content distribution

“Come to daddy” - People need to visit our website - Niche-markets reached

“Dressing up as pandas” - DL-content/services/brand embedded in user’s daily workflows - Niche and global audiences reached

2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

THANKS!

olaf.janssen@kb.nl @ookgezellig slideshare.net/OlafJanssenNL

Introduction to digital libraries - definitions, examples, concepts and trends

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