Is the relationship arbitrary or causal?

Is the problem dealing with a predictive or arbitrary relationship?

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

By the end of this presentation you will be able to determine if your relationship question is –

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

By the end of this presentation you will be able to determine if your relationship question is –

Predictive

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

By the end of this presentation you will be able to determine if your relationship question is –

Predictive

or

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

By the end of this presentation you will be able to determine if your relationship question is –

Predictive

or

Arbitrary

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

What is a predictive relationship?

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

A predictive relationship is a relationship where one variable

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

A predictive relationship is a relationship where one variable (temperature)

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

A predictive relationship is a relationship where one variable (temperature)

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

A predictive relationship is a relationship where one variable (temperature) predicts another variable

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

A predictive relationship is a relationship where one variable (temperature) predicts another variable (ice melting).

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

A predictive relationship is a relationship where one variable (temperature) predicts another variable (ice melting).

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

For example,

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

For example,

Does stress predict anxiety?

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

For example,

Does stress predict anxiety?

Meaning you can tell the amount of anxiety someone has, if you know the amount of stress they are under.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Here are some more examples:

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Administrators wish to know the degree to which the number professor publications in professional journals predicts the time it takes for them to achieve tenure.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Administrators wish to know the degree to which the number professor publications in professional journals predicts the time it takes for them to achieve tenure.So, if you know the number of professor

publications, you can predict the time it takes to be tenured.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Marine biologist wish to determine the degree to which the levels of nitrogen phosphate concentration predicts a decrease in the number of sea mollusks on the coast of California.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Marine biologist wish to determine the degree to which the levels of nitrogen phosphate concentration predicts a decrease in the number of sea mollusks on the coast of California.So, if you know the levels of nitrogen

phosphate concentration, you can predict the number of Mollusks.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Social scientists wish to determine the extent to which the need for extrinsic motivation predicts the number of selfies taken in a given day.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Social scientists wish to determine the extent to which the need for extrinsic motivation predicts the number of selfies taken in a given day.

So, if you know need for extrinsic motivation, you can predict the number of selfies taken in a given day.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

In such cases, you will classify the relationship as:

Predictive

Arbitrary

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

In other instances the relationship between two variables is not predictive but arbitrary.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

In other instances the relationship between two variables is not predictive but arbitrary.

Arbitrary

Predictive

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Meaning we do not know what causes what, we just know that:

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Meaning we do not know what causes what, we just know that:

- when one increases the other increases,

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Meaning we do not know what causes what, we just know that:

- when one increases the other increases,

- or when one decreases the other decreases,

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Meaning we do not know what causes what, we just know that:

- when one increases the other increases,

- or when one decreases the other decreases,

- or when one increases the other decreases.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

We just don’t know which influences which.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

We just don’t know which influences which.

Generally they most likely influence each other:

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

We just don’t know which influences which.

Generally they most likely influence each other:

Probably influences and is influenced byPeace

Honorable Living

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

We just don’t know which influences which.

Generally they most likely influence each other:

Anxiety DepressionProbably influences and is influenced by

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

When we are not sure which is which, then this becomes an arbitrary relationship as opposed to a predictive relationship.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

When we are not sure which is which, then this becomes an arbitrary relationship as opposed to a predictive relationship.

Predictive

Arbitrary

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

Note – unless your relationship problem specifies a predictive relationship (with one variable influencing directly another variable) then the problem is most likely arbitrary.

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

What is the nature of your relationship question?

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships

What is the nature of your relationship question?

Predictive

or

Arbitrary

Predictive or Arbitrary Relationships