View
91
Download
5
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
KOREAN LITERATURE
ABOUT KOREA
Located in EAST ASIA Called the “Land of the morning calm” Modern spelling of “COREA” a name attested in
English as early as 1614, “KOREA” 19th century 84, 616 sq. mi the area of Korea 2.8 % is the rate of water in Korea
GEOGRAPHY
Amnok River – The river that separates Korea from China and to the north east
Duman River – The river that separates Korea from China and Russia
Peninsula - surrounded by the Yellow Sea to the west, the East China Sea and Korea Strait to the south, and the Sea of Japan
Mount Paektu (2,744 m) - The highest mountain in Korea through which runs the border with China
Dadohae-jin - Southern and south western coastlines of Korea form a well-developed Ria coastline
RELIGION Confucian tradition has dominated Korean though, along with
contributions by Buddhism, Taoism, and Korean Shamanism Has competed with Buddhism in South Korea, while religious
practice has been suppressed in North Korea The influence of traditional beliefs of Korean Shamanism, Mahayana
Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism have remained an underlying religion of the Korean people as well as a vital aspect of their culture; all these traditions have coexisted peacefully for hundreds of years up to today despite strong Westernisation from Christian missionary conversions in the South Korea
DIVIDED INTO TWO DISTINCT SOVEREIGN STATES:
SOUTH KOREA or REPUBLIC OF KOREA
NORTH KOREA or DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA
SOUTH KOREA
Seoul – Capital and the Largest City 51 million – Population Korean pop (Kpop) and Korean series and movies Jeju Island, Mount Seorak and Gyeongbokgung palace Famous with their products like Samsung etc. and
cosmetic products popularized by the Korean stars/ actress
EDUCATION SYSTEM
Consists of six years in elementary school, three years in middle school, and three years in high school
Students are required to go to elementary and middle school, and do not have to pay for their education, except for a small fee called a "School Operation Support Fee"
The Programme for International Student Assessment, coordinated by the OECD, ranks South Korea's science education as the third best in the world
South Korea ranks second on math and literature and first in problem solving
NORTH KOREA
Pyongyang – Capital City 25 million – Total population Korean descent and small communities of ethnic
Chinese and Japanese are also found in North Korea The world's 4th tallest flagpole flying a 270kg. flag.
It's 160m in height, over Kijŏng-dong "Peace village", near Panmunjom in the Korean Demilitarized Zone.
EDUCATION SYSTEM
Children go through one year of kindergarten, four years of primary education, six years of secondary education, and then on to universities
Consists primarily of universal and state funded schooling by the government.
The national literacy rate for citizens 15 years of age and above is over 99 percent
The most prestigious university is Kim Il-sung University
LANGUAGE
Korean is the official language of both North and South Korea
Worldwide, there are up to 80 million speakers of the Korean language
Korean has borrowed much vocabulary from the Chinese or created vocabulary on Chinese models.
Korean is written almost exclusively in the script of the Korean alphabet (known as Hangul in South Korea and Chosungul in China and North Korea)
While Hangul may appear logographic, it is actually a phonemic alphabet organised into syllabic blocks
(jamo) – 24 Hangul letters, at least one each of the 14 consonants and 10 vowels at least one each of the 14 consonants and 10 vowels.
HANGUL
CUISINE
Believe that the taste and quality of food depend on its spices and sauces the essential ingredients to making a delicious meal
Soybean paste, soy sauce, gochujang or red pepper paste and kimchi are some of the most important staples in a Korean household
Influenced by the geography and climate therefore there are many fermented dishes and hot soups and stews
KIMCHI
COMMON DINNER TABLE IN KOREA
SPORTS
Football remains one of the most popular sports in South Korea
Baseball is popular in Seoul and they have three teams Taekwondo is one of Korea's most famous sports Hapkido is a modern Korean martial art with a grappling focus
that employs joint locks, throws, kicks, punches and other striking attacks like attacks against pressure points
Ssireum is a traditional form of wrestling that has been practiced in Korea for thousands of years, with evidence discovered from Goguryeo of Korea's Three Kingdoms Period
MUSIC
Traditional Korean music includes combinations of the folk, vocal, religious and ritual music styles of the Korean people.
Korean music falls into two broad categories. The first, Hyangak, literally means The local music or Music native to Korea of which example is Sujecheon, a piece of instrumental music as old as 1,300 years. The second, yangak, represent a more Western style.
TRADITIONAL KOREAN DANCEJINJU GEOMMU
- A traditional dress for a woman is called a hanbok - A hanbok has a short jacket called a jeogori and a long skirt called a chima
- Men also wore a jeogori, but much longer- Men wore baggy pants, which were comfortable to wear when farming and sitting on the floor
TRADITIONAL HOUSE
KOREAN DYNASTY
GORYEO or KORYO DYNASTY
Founded in 918 founded by Emperor Taejo It replaced Silla as the ruling Dynasty of Korea Goryeo land was at first what is now South Korea
and about 1/3 of North Korea Goryeo is a short form of “Goguryeo” and first used
during the time of “King Jangsu”
CHOSON DYNASTY
Yi-seong-gye founded the “Choson Dynasty” and moved the capital from “kaesong to Hanseong” formerly HANYANG, Modern day SEOUL and built “Gyeongbokgung Palace”
It was founded aftermath of the overthrew of the Goryeo Dynasty
Most notable among them was “Sejong the Great” who promote (Hangul) – Korean Alphabet
KOREAN WAR In 1945, with the surrender of Japan, the United
Nations developed plans for a trusteeship administration, the Soviet Union administering the peninsula north of the 38th parallel and the United States administering the south
Politics of the Cold War resulted in the 1948 establishment of two separate governments North Korea and South Korea
During the Korean War (1950–53) more than one million people died and the three years of fighting throughout the nation effectively destroyed most cities. The war ended in an Armistice Agreement at approximately the Military Demarcation Line
The Korean War led to the development of literature centred on the wounds and chaos of war. Much of the post-war literature in South Korea deals with the daily lives of ordinary people, and their struggles with national pain. The collapse of the traditional Korean value system is another common theme of the time.
LITERATURE
Korean literature written before the end of the Joseon Dynasty is called "Classical" or "Traditional"
Literature written in Chinese characters (hanja), was established at the same time as the Chinese script arrived on the peninsula
Korean scholars were writing poetry in the classical Korean style as early as the 2nd century BC , reflecting Korean thoughts and experiences of that time
Early Korean Literature
Classical Korean literature has its roots in traditional folk beliefs and folk tales of the peninsula, strongly influenced by Confucianism
Buddhism and Shamanism
Begin as an oral tradition Good was rewarded and evil was punished. Values like loyalty
to the king, respect for elders, true friendship and chastity were emphasized
Korean poems were called Hyangga A new form of poem developed after the Goryeo dynasty and
was called shijo a three- line poem written in Hangul and gained wide acceptance
Modern Korean Literature
The first period of the modern Korean literature is often called “Enlightenment”
Introduced the Western-style schools and newspaper emerged
Many biographical works were published, the main character was often depicted as a hero
Jayusi is the formation of modern free verse poetry The first printed work of fiction in Korea was John
Bunyan’s Pilgrims Progress or Cheonno-yeokjeong 1893
The first complete edition of Bible in Korean was published in 1910
Often linked in the development of Hangul which helped increase working class literacy rate
Sinsoseol was a novel that was written in hangul
CONTEMPORARY KOREAN LITERATURE
During the Colonial Korea 1910 – 1945 free speech and press were restricted, thus influencing the literature
Literature focused on self discovery and increasingly on concrete reality
Many novelist experimented with new literacy style and techniques
In 1919, Kim Tong-in and Kim Hyok founded a literary magazine “Changjo”
The literary magazine appeared during 1920’s and 1930’s were the basis for the future development of Modern Korean Literature
Almost all the magazine were ordered to discontinue publication in the 1940s as the Japanese tightened the grip with the spread of their aggressive war to the Pacific
Many novels of the 1920s centred around themes of the suffering of intellectuals
The Korean literature was directly affected by the Japanese government strengthening ideological coercion during 1930s
THANK YOU
Recommended