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At the core of architectural teaching is the Design Review or Critique in which students present their work to both their tutors and peers to receive immediate formative feedback.
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architectural design reviews a collaborative system between Liverpool and XJTLU
Mike Knight, Andre Brown and Martin Winchester School of Architecture
Funded by the eLearning Steering Group
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
background
teaching of architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
teaching of architecture
professionally validated degree
Royal Institute of British Architects qualification stages...
Part 1 BA (Hons) Architecture 3 years
Year in practice
Part 2 MA - Master of Architecture 2 years
Year in practice
Part 3 Professional Practice exam
Advanced Diploma in Professional Practice
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
teaching of architecture
Liverpool School of Architecture is the oldest RIBA course in the world with the pattern of education established here ...
• 50% taught modules
• 50% studio based
• studio design teaching is based around small group teaching and the design review or ‘critique’
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
design is a collaborative process
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
add
Enric Miralles – conceptual drawing for Santa Caterina market, Barcelona
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
design review (or ‘crit’)
• students present their work to tutors and their peers
• mimics what happens in practice when presenting clients and internal design processes
• a ‘crit’ is a dialogue between student, critic and peers
• Cultural differences evident in performance at a crit
• length varies according to year of study
First year : 15mins final year : 45mins - 1 hour+
• work presented verbal presentation plus analogue and digital drawings / sketchbooks / physical models / digital animations etc
First year crit
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
First year crit
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
final year crit
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
XJTLU
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
XJTLU
• common foundation first year
• subject specific second year - mirrors Liverpool BA1 modules
current numbers first year : 128 second year : 101
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
XJTLU
• common foundation first year
• subject specific second year - mirrors Liverpool BA1 modules
current numbers first year : 128 second year : 101
September 2102 : 160 XJTLU students join BA2
current research is allow XJTLU students to experience design reviews in Liverpool before they arrive
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
low cost eCrit solution?
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
problem definition
mobile solution to give student experience of Liverpool teaching before they arrive
video feed
3 cameras required ...
camera 1 : student (tripod) camera 2 : critics (tripod) camera 3 : work (mobile)
audio feed
2 microphones required ...
microphone 1: student
microphone 2: critics
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
• System diagram
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Liverpool Suzhou
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
solutions
‘standard’ video conferencing
+ high quality and proven
- expensive fixed location
does not give the atmosphere of a studio based review
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
known problems
• design reviews are noisy and busy
• students unfamiliar with being filmed
• time difference to Suzhou is 8 hours
• Skype bandwidth can be unpredictable
• Chinese government control of internet
• small amount of money available
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
system
Software (all streaming to Skype)
• Vidblaster (vidblaster.com)
podcasting software and digital stream mixer
• Xsplit (xsplit.com)
record and stream video streams
hardware
• 3 high quality Logitech webcams
• 2 hand held microphones (later wireless)
• audio mixing desk
requires a powerful laptop to stream and record simultaneously
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
initial results
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
testing process
step 1 : local recording
step 2 : test with known quality source
step 3 : initial tests with XJTLU
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
step 1 : local recording
test of hardware, software and logistics
test recording of crit and tutorial recording of MA group
current MA is 97% Chinese
testing of hardware and software
looking for unforeseen logistical problems
assessment of student feedback
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
overall view of students plus ‘picture in picture’ of handheld detail
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
full screen of handheld detail
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
overall view of detail plus ‘picture in picture of overall view
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
view of critics
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
overall view of detail plus ‘picture in picture’ of students
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
spit view of students and critics
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
tutorial recording
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
stage 1 : results
• overall, better than expected
• noise : Chinese students are noisier in crits than UK students
• setup and moving of equipment needs to be quicker and simpler
• students need to learn a slightly different process
• minor changes to hardware and software configurations
unexpected feedback from students : students found recording process useful to assess their own performance
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
step 2 : test with known quality source
Technical University of Graz
crit of undergraduate architecture students who were designing a scheme in Liverpool
known excellent network link quality
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
deteriorating video quality
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Skype shared desktop
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Skype shared desktop
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
screenshot from Graz
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
step 2 : results
• some good, some problems
good
• hardware and software largely worked well apart from connection problems to old projector
• use of Skype shared desktop for digital presentations
problems
• intermittent and unpredictable Skype line quality
• dropped connections
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
stage 3 : testing with XJTLU
original plan was to test with the final crit in XJTLU
but ...
logistical problems (crits at incompatible times/dates) and other staff commitments resulted in a full crit test not happening
measurements have been taken during regular Skype meetings
line quality is mainly average and frequently poor.
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
overall conclusions
• hardware / software worked more smoothly than anticipated
• software has a fairly steep familiarisation period
• student feedback has been largely positive, but some prior education/familiarisation is necessary
• Skype maybe not the best solution so other networks are being tested
oovoo oovoo.com
vsee vsee.com
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
future work
hardware consolidate and rationalise hardware to make more portable build into laptop and mixer in to system case
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
future work
departmental plan is to have a full working system in 2012-13
• full testing with XJTLU
• recording and streaming of lectures in Liverpool
• back-to-back comparison of different networks
Mike Knight : School of Architecture
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