Post industrialization

And the upheaval, instability, and redefining that comes with it !?!?!?!

People living within defined territorial

borders and sharing a common culture.

Anthropologists classify societies based on how they meet the basic needs of its members.

Educational Basis:

Hunting gameMobility and flexibilityKnowledge of territoryKnowledge of edible plantsFood PreparationFamily loyaltySharing

Educational Basis:

GardeningTool MakingFamily LoyaltyCooperation

Educational Basis:

Raising animalsKnowledge of grazing territoryKnowledge of proper foods for animalsKnowledge of butchering and cookingKnowledge of milkingPottery MakingTool MakingTextile Making

Educational Basis:

Use of animals and tools to farmInnovation and InventivenessFamily LoyaltyTradeCivil UnderstandingRespect for HiearchyLiteracy for the fewNational Loyalty

Educational Basis:

Factory workCivic responsibilityWorkplace responsibilityLiteracy – Reading and WritingNumeracy – ArithmeticMechanical KnowledgeTradeNationalism

Relative stability with more permanent or at least long term settlementsFamily became more basic to social lifeSocieties became more male dominatedCreation of a complex division of labor

Pottery, tools, clothingPolitical and religious leadersTrade with other peoplesMild social stratification

Being able to do the things necessary to preserve long term settlement was more important than knowing where gather and being able to migrate to good hunting grounds.

Larger more permanent settlements, and cities developed

The establishment of written language and written records

The transition from settlements and communities to the emergence of societies, civilizations, and empires

Highly define class systems

Stronger Central Government

More specialized roles and occupations

Trade and the creation of monetary and banking systems

Being able to manage and maximize the use of both animals and land in a most efficient manner was more important than just sustaining the family

Farming was mainly done by lower peasant labor. This freed other members of society to pursue other occupations and interests such as………….

Scholars

Religious Leaders(Scholars and Philosophers)

Military Warriors

Skilled Tradesmen and Artisans

Political Leaders

Mechanization

Science and technology used to produce goods and services

Change away from simple, traditional technology towards the application of scientific knowledge to create more complex technological devices.

With mechanization, farmers were able to produce a surplus of food.

Urbanization

Food surpluses enabled people to move away from farms and villages to larger cities.

Formal schooling with the intent of creating a broadly educated and trained labor force became the norm. Functionally literacy became more of a necessity as well as one’s ability to comply with the demands of factory hierarchy.

Agricultural – Warfare and violence for the purpose of establishing nations and empires

Industrial – Child labor in order to maximize profit and minimize labor costs

Why are factories shutting down?

Where are factories relocating?

Why can’t I get a high paying job with or even without a high school education like my grandpa could?

Why are there not as many jobs that require heavy labor and manufacturing?

Hunting and Gathering – 2 million to 10,000 years ago

Horticultural – 12,000 to 10,000 years ago

Pastoral – 12,000 to 10,000 years ago

Agricultural – Began approximately 8,000 years ago

Industrial – Began approximately 240 years ago

Service sector jobs have increased while labor/industrial jobs have decreased.

With this comes a new form of ………….

Instability

Global competition

Declining Wages

Need for more specialized training for workforce

Decrease industrial/labor jobs that traditionally paid well

Rise in crime and social disorder

Decline of kinship as a social institution

Marriages and births declined

Trust and confidence in institutions went into a forty year decline.

1. For the first time, the majority of the labor force are employed in services rather than agriculture or manufacturing.

2. White-collar employment replaces much blue-collar work

Blue collar – Secondary sector occupations where manufacturing goods is the primary focus

White collar – Tertiary sector occupations where providing services is the primary focus

3. Technical knowledge is the key organizing feature

4. Technological change is planned and assessed

5. Reliance on computer modeling in all areas

The definition of literacy has completely changed. Being able to read and write was once the definition of literacy. Now it is the foundation to literacy. Literacy today entails much more than just being able to functionally read and write. It involves being able to use present and developing technologies in a manner that adds to the productivity of the postindustrial workforce

#1 Priority – Education

Literacy is no longer just being able to read and write; it is also being able to think independently and outside of the box. Included with these is technology literacy, where one is literate with computer technology. Elementary and secondary schools need to upgrade facilities to adequately meet student needs in terms of becoming literate in a Postindustrial society.

Most importantly:

It is up to each and every one of us to always improve our mastery of Postindustrial literacy. This is our “assembly line” and “factory work.”

“According to Francis Fukuyama, the social instability is now lessening.” (Sociology and You, P.163)

As Postindustrial literacy improves, instability will decrease as it did with other societies.

It’s up to all of us, let’s meet the challenge!