Sentence Classification

HA PHUONG THAO DIU - CNA A K14

Group 2Vu Thi Ngoc AnhKhong Thi

ThuHa Phuong Thao DiuDoan Phuong Thao

Ha Phuong Thao Diu – CNA A K14

STATEMENTS02• Definition• Types

SENTENCE CLASSIFICATION01• In terms of the structure• In terms of communicative functions

Ha Phuong Thao Diu – CNA A K14

I. SENTENCE CLASSIFICATION

1. In term of structureSentences can be divided into four classes from structural point of view as:            a, Simple Sentence            b, Compound Sentence            c, Complex Sentence            d, Compound-Complex Sentences

VU THI NGOC ANH - CNA A K14

a, Simple SentencePattern : IC (independent clause) a subject and verb expresses a complete thoughtExample:

IC

Being an student with a penchant for syntactical complexity, I love to read simple sentences upon getting up and before going to bed.

Lucia tended her garden every day.Her tomatoes didn’t grow well.

VU THI NGOC ANH - CNA A K14

b, Compound sentence Partern: 2 IC Joined by a coordinating conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) or semicolon. "FAN BOYS“ Coordinating conjunctions are always preceded by a

comma.

but ICIC

COMMALucia tended her garden every day, but her tomatoes didn’t grow well.

Lucia tended her garden every day.Her tomatoes didn’t grow well.

VU THI NGOC ANH - CNA A K14

c, Complex sentence Pattern: IC+ at least 1DC (dependent clause/subordinating

conjunction)• a subordinate conjunctions (although, while, because,where…)

• a relative pronouns ( who, which, whose, that…)…

2 different ways:

Lucia’s tomatoes did not grow well because she has the wrong type of soil.

*DC,IC

Subordinating conjunction

IC DC

(IC come first no comma)

Because Lucia has the wrong type of soil, her tomatoes did not grow well. comm

a

(Begins with subordinator comma after DC)

ICDC

*IC DC

VU THI NGOC ANH - CNA A K14

d, Compound-complex sentencesAt least 2IC + at least 1DC

(A c-c has elements of both a compound sentence and complex sentence)

Example:

1. Lucia tended her garden every day, but her tomatoes did not grow well.2. Lucia’s tomatoes did not grow well, because she has the wrong type of soil.

Lucia tended her garden every day, but her tomatoes did not grow well because she has the wrong type of soil.

Compound sentence Complex sentenceCompound-Complex sentence

- Lucia tended her garden every day, but because she has the wrong type of soil, her tomatoes did not grow well.

- Athought Lucia tended her garden every day, her tomatoes did not grow well, for she has the wrong type of soil.

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a, Statements.b, Questions?c, Commands.

d, Exclamatorys!

4 Types

2. In terms of communicative functions

KHONG THI THU - CNA A K14

a, StatementsThese are the most common type of sentences.

They usually provide information about a topic

or a person. End mark : Period

I can play

violin.The boy dosen’t study

English.

KHONG THI THU - CNA A K14

1.Yes/No question:Example: - Can you help me? - Have you done your homework?

2. Alternative questionExample: - Do you want tea, coffee or juice? - Shall I call her or send an e-mail?

3. Wh- questionExample : - How did you do that? - Where did you go?

4. Tag questionsExample : - Lina plays the piano, doesn’t she? - You’re lying to me, aren’t you?

b, QuestionsThese are used to ask questions to find out something. It always has a question mark at the end.

KHONG THI THU - CNA A K14

c, Commands * These are used to give a command, make a request and In general, it tell someone what to do.* End mark: a period

Example - Look at how the dolphins jump out of the water. - Call your Aunt Sandy in New York.

+ Command somebody to do st.+ Use command words.+ End in a period.

KHONG THI THU - CNA A K14

d, Exclamatorys** An exclamation sentence shows sudden and strong feelling such as: surprise, pity, wonder, sympathy, happiness,..** It ends with an exclamation mark (!)

Example: - You look so beautiful! - What a silly man!

Really??

You look so beautif

ul !

KHONG THI THU - CNA A K14

Paulie gave Lucci a gift for his birthday.Sen

tence

1

What did Paulie do last night?Sen

tence

2

Close the door, please.Sen

tence

3

What a beautiful day.Senten

ce 4

Paulie didn’t sleep last night. ♥Sen

tence

5

There is some food in the refrigerator.Sen

tence

6

II. STATEMENT

S

Ha Phuong Thao Diu – CNA A K14

Paulie gave Lucci a gift for his birthday.Sen

tence

1

Paulie didn’t sleep last night. Sen

tence

5

There is some food in the refrigerator.Sen

tence

6Are sentences in which

the subject is present and generally precedes the verb.

Statements (declarative sentences)

(Subject before verb)

Sometimes, subject can be ellipted

Wonder what they’re doing..

Doesn’t matter.

Good to see you.

(I)

(It’s)

(It)

1. Definition

Ha Phuong Thao Diu – CNA A K14

Paulie gave Lucci a gift for his birthday.Sen

tence

1

Paulie didn’t gave Lucci a gift for his birthday.Sen

tence

2

Positive

Types of statements

2. Types

Senten

ce 3

Paulie never gave Lucci a gift for his birthday.

Ha Phuong Thao Diu – CNA A K14

negative

etc...

Barely

♦Note

Rarely Seldo

mScarcely

• He seldom attends school late.• I barely get any sleep.

Ha Phuong Thao Diu – CNA A K14

\Doan Thi Phuong Thao CNAAK14

CONCLUSION Sentence classification

1. Interm of structure - Simple sentence- Complex sentence - Compound sentence- Compound- complex sentences

2. Interm of functions - Statements- Questions- Commands- Exclamatorys

Statements

1. Normal structure: S+ V (sometimes ellipted S)2. Types: - Positive - Negative( seldom, rarely,... can be used with assertive meaning)

Doan Thi Phuong Thao CNAAkK14

Practice

Doan Thi Phuong ThaoCNAAK14

Exercise 1: Determine type of following sentences (according to structure of the sentences)1. To build a doll's house you need wood, a hammer, a saw, and lots of nails. > Simple 2. He got up, walked over to the window, and jumped out. > Simple 3. I didn't know what time it was so I was very late to class.> Compound - complex4. Although it was cold and the rain was getting heavier, we decided to go fishing as planned.> Compound - complex

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5. The new girl in our ESL class has a brother in grade 7 and a sister in grade 9. > Simple6. The recent downturn in the telecommunications industry caused tens of thousands of programmers to lose their jobs for good and forced thousands more to move across the country. > Simple 7. Neither programmers nor managers would take the blame for their failing Internet start-ups.> Simple 8. Some programmers of graphic design software know how to use their software to create pictures, fliers, and Web pages; oddly enough, despite strong technical backgrounds, many others do not.> Compound

Doan Thi Phuong ThaoCNAAK14

Exersise 2: Make sentences relating to this picture

Thank you for listening !

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