social stratification

Social stratification-SC,ST,OBC and weaker

section

Content

IntroductionProblemsGovernment policies for cope upImpact of policiesIssue regarding Reservation Conclusion

(Social) stratification

ranking some individuals and groups as more deserving than others; from this a social hierarchy is formed which is a set of ranked statuses from highest to lowest

Where does this system come from?

The most widely accepted theory is that the four basic divisions of the Hindu caste system—the Varna—developed in the period 1500-1000 B.C. as a result of the Aryan conquest of India.

Who are SC,ST and OBC?

STs are generally those who have been living in tribal areas located far away from modern civilization—such that the fruits of modern education and development have not reached them in, at least, an equal measure.

Other Backward Classes (OBCs) are defined as peoples economically and socially backward other than SC, ST, and FC.

Weaker section

This Nation is full of Weaker Sections, who are deprived neglected.Woman the weakest of the weaker section.The Women generally have been reduced, to be the Weaker Section of the Society.Women come in different Roles.

Schemes and Policies

Elimination of discrimination and all forms of violence against women and the girl child

Women’s Movements in the Country, with a number of Non-Government Organisations.

Women's Reservation Bill  Scheme for financing crèches. Attendance scholarship for girls

up to 10th standard.

religion

Buddhism

Christianity

Sikhism

Hinduism

Jainism

Islam

SC

89.5%

9.00%

17.0%

22.20%

----

0.80%

ST

7.40%

32.8%

0.90%

9.10%

2.60%

0.50%

Distribution

According to the 61st Round Survey of the NSSO, almost nine-tenths of Buddhists in India belonged to scheduled castes of the Constitution while one-third of Christians belonged to scheduled tribes.

Total student population by caste

72%

14%

14%

Total Student population by Caste

caste

dalit/un-touchable

low caste

general castes

Problems

Discrimination.violence against the scheduled castes and scheduled tribesDiscrimination against ST and SC children can be seen in evidence of the education system. Discrimination in jobs.

Constitutional framework for safeguarding of interests

The Constitution provides a framework with a three pronged strategy  to improve the situation of SCs and STs.

Protective Arrangements- to enforce equality

Affirmative action- to higher education

Development- bridge the wide gap in social and economic condition between the SCs/STs and other communities.

Government policies for cope up

Reservation Policy in education

Reservation Policy in jobs

Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989

Reservation Policy in education

Literacy rates among general scheduled caste and scheduled tribe population

Reservation Policy in jobs

Reservation status of scheduled caste in central Government Recruitment

(in %)year Class I Class II Class III Class IV

1953 0.35 1.29 4.62 20.52

1965 1.64 2.82 8.88 17.73

1970 2.36 3.84 9.27 18.09

1975 3.43 4.98 10.27 18.64

1979 4.83 8.07 11.54 19.16

1992 9.7 11.60 15.80 20.7

1995 10.3 13.13 15.46 20.46

Source: 1. Department of Personnel, Government of India, Report-1993 2. Social Welfare Committee for SCs/STs Report-99-2000

Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act,

1989

The objectives of the Act clearly emphasize the intention of the Government to deliver justice to these communities through proactive efforts to enable them to live in society with dignity and self-esteem and without fear or violence or suppression from the dominant castes.

Year SCHEDULED CASTE ( % Increase )

SCHEDULED TRIBE ( % Increase )

TOTAL POPULATION ( % Increase )

Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female

1961 10.27 16.96 3.29 8.53 13.83 3.16 28.31 40.40 15.34

1971 14.67 22.36 6.44 11.30 17.63 4.85 34.45 45.95 21.97

(42.84%) (31.83%) (95.75%) (32.47%)

(27.48%) (53.48%) (21.69%) (13.74%) (43.22%)

1981 21.38 31.12 10.93 16.35 24.52 8.04 43.56 56.37 29.75

(45.74%) (39.18%) (69.72%) (44.69%)

(39.08%) (65.77%) (26.44%) (22.67%) (35.41%)

1991 37.41 49.91 23.76 29.60 40.65 18.19 52.21 64.13 39.29

(74.98%) (60.38%) (117.38%) (81.04%)

(65.78%) (126.24%) (19.86%) (13.77%) (32.07%)

Increase In Literacy rate of Total Population SC/ST During 1961-1991

Impact of policies

Issue regarding Reservation

Conclusion

What can be doneIndians should learn to ask the political parties and

as well as tell them we want reservation in every where only based on the collective income of the family not caste or religion.

By, PARVEEN BANOROLLNO-36D