Teaching Nonfiction Reading Strategies

Teaching for Teaching for Understanding in Understanding in

NonfictionNonfiction

Presented by Angela MaiersPresented by Angela MaiersAngelamaiers.comAngelamaiers.com

Reading and WritingReading and Writing

WHY?WHY?

WHAT?WHAT?

HOW?HOW?

GoalsGoals

©Angela Maiers, 2007

Girls, Girls,

TooToo!!!!!!!!

Make the CaseMake the Case Make the Promise! Make the Promise!

Make The Case!Make The Case!

•85-90% Reading

•96% Web

•94% Persuaded

•73% 3F/P levels below fiction

•15% 3 GRADE LEVELS below fiction

•6% Struggled with decoding (Boys=Girls)

Stead, 2007

AMAZINGAMAZING

ACCESSACCESS

VARIETYVARIETY

EXCITINGEXCITING

INSTRUCTIONINSTRUCTION

Make the Promise!Make the Promise!

Whatcha Readin?Whatcha Readin?Whatcha Writin?Whatcha Writin?

•Reasons

•Books

•Environment

•Tools

•Behaviors

•Strategies

Does your brain Does your brain engage differently?engage differently?

What “tools” work What “tools” work best?best?

What behaviors are What behaviors are most helpful?most helpful?

INSTRUCTION!

ExplicitExplicitInsructionInsruction

STUDYSTUDY

©Maiers, 2008

Code Breaker Text User

Meaning Maker

Text Critic

21st Century Reading

Proficiency

•ImaginationImagination

•CuriosityCuriosity

•Self AwarenessSelf Awareness

•PerseverancePerseverance

•CourageCourage

•AdaptabilityAdaptability

The Basics!The Basics!

Meaning Maker

Text Critic

Proficiency

Text UserText User•Genre•Form•Format•Medium

STUDYSTUDY

•CourageCourage

R e a lis tic ta les

T r ick ste r ta les

P o u rq u o i ta les

C u m ula t ive ta les

E p ics

L e ge n ds

F a b les

M y ths

T a ll ta les

T raditionalFo lktales

S c ie n ce F ict ion

F a nta sy

Fantasy

H isto ric a l F ic t ion

R e a lis t ic F ic t ion

R ealism

F iction

R e cr e at ion

M a th em a t ics

S cie n ce

A r ts

L a n gu a ge

H e a lth

S o c ial S tu d ie s/Issues

Info rm ational

M e m o ir

A u tob io g ra p h y

F ic tio n alizedBiography

A u th en t icBiography

B iography

N o n-F ict ion

L it er at ur e

Thinking about FictionFiction

“Life” Story

“Book” Story

(THEME)

Fiction = Stories of Life

The Orange Orange

BIG IDEA (Whole text)

Main Idea( Section Level)

• DescriptionDescription• Compare/ContrastCompare/Contrast• Cause and EffectCause and Effect• Chronology/SequenceChronology/Sequence• ProceduralProcedural• PersuasivePersuasive• Question/AnswerQuestion/Answer• Problem/SolutionProblem/Solution

CaptionsLabelsGraphicsImagesFontColorLayoutTOCGlossaryHeadings

•Conventions

•Language

•Syntax

•Semantics

Meaning Maker

Text Critic

Proficiency

•Ask QAsk Q•SchemaSchema•InferenceInference•Det ImpDet Imp•VisualizeVisualize•MonitorMonitor•SynthesizeSynthesize

Meaning Maker

Text Critic

Proficiency

• Purpose• Intention• Motivation• Bias• Viewpoint• Credibility• Reliability• Craft

Authors Purpose: To inform

(Reason for Writing) To Instruct To entertain To persuade

Decided By…

Features StructuresOrganization

Author’s View Point/Pt of ViewPosition, attitude, beliefs aboutThe topic they are writing about

Text Form

ToneOpinionsBackground/BiasStyleWords ChoosePerspective

Author’s Credibility/Craft

Identified By…

ValidityObjectivityRelevancyTypes of Support

1. Topic of Writing : (What or Who Am I Writing About)

2. Audience (Who Do I want to Say Something To?)

• The author’s purpose for writing is…• The tone of this passage is? • The writer believes that… • Why did the author probably write this passage?• Which sentence helps convey the mood of the text?• Read the passage, which passage best describes the author’s purpose?• Which writer is most qualified to say . . .• The author thinks that . . . • The author is believable because…• The following assumptions about the author suggest…• The author uses sarcasm to….• The tone of this poem can best be described as…?• Why might the author recommend . . .• The purpose of this is to…?• What is this paragraph suggest that the authors’ believes that…?

I’m Done when….I’m Done when….

HOW?HOW?

Lesson PlanningLesson Planning

ContentContent

TextText

TimeTime

STUDYSTUDY

•CourageCourage

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• Post It NotesPost It Notes• Story BoardsStory Boards• NotepadNotepad• Sketch PadSketch Pad• TagsTags• Software (Inspiration, Kidspirtation)Software (Inspiration, Kidspirtation)

Non Fiction Tool BoxNon Fiction Tool Box

•RereadingRereading

•ChunkingChunking

•NotetakingNotetaking

•RAN RAN

•SOAPSSOAPS

•Word AwareWord Aware

Breadth andDepth

Meaning Maker

Text Critic

Proficiency

BIG IDEAS BIG IDEAS in Nonfiction

MMain Idea vsvs. BBig Idea

©Maiers, 2008

Signal Words Point the Way…

Text Structure & Signal Words

Description/ Hierarchical List

Cause & Effect

Compare/Contrast

Problem/Solution

Question &Answer

Sequence

For instanceFor exampleFurthermore

Such asAlso

To begin withMost important

AlsoIn fact

In additionAnd to

illustrate

SinceBecause

This led toOn account of

Due toAs a result of

For this reasonConsequentially

Then…so…Therefore

In like mannerLikewiseSimilar to

The difference between

As opposed toAfter allHoweverAnd yet

ButNeverthelessOn the other

One reason for the…

A solutionA problem

WhereThe question isOne answer is

Recommendations include

HowWhenWhatNextWhyWho

How manyThe best estimate

It could be thatOne may conclude

UntilBeforeAfter

FinallyLastly

First…last…Now…thenOn (date)At (time)

First, secondMeanwhile

Not long afterinitially

©Maiers, 2008

Words for Comparison-4th Grade Holt Mathematics Text

Similarity SamecompareAlikeMatchEqualTogetherSimilarEquivalentSynonymComparativeAnalogyEqualityEvenRegular

DifferenceDifferentContrastNot AlikeMismatchDoes not MatchUnequalSeparateOppositeDissimilarAntonymContrastableInequality UnevenIrregular

©Maiers, 2008

The fire was started by sparks from a campfire left by a careless camper. Thousands of acres of important watershed burned before the fire was brought under control. As a result of the fire, trees and the grasslands on the

slopes of the valley were gone. Smoking black stumps were all that remained of

tall pine trees.

Content Specific Strategies• Careful reading or skimming• Scanning• Assessing the text through the index• Using heading ,captions, pictures,…• Determining what to read, order of reading• Noting organizational pattern• Deterring what to pay attention to• Determining what to ignore• What information fits with schema, what is

new: how to sort it

SS.C.A.M.P.E.R

SSubstituteubstitute

CombineCombine

AAdaptdapt

MMiixx

PPutut 22UseUse

EEraserase

ReRepurposepurpose

Realebooks.com

Podcast

Engage in a ConversationEngage in a Conversation

What is the best way to TEACH __________?

What kind of _______ do we want our TEACHING to develop?

AMAZINGAMAZING

ACCESSACCESS

VARIETYVARIETY

EXCITINGEXCITING

INSTRUCTIONINSTRUCTION

Content Bibliography I See What You Mean by Steve Moline Nonfiction in the Primary Years by Nell Duke Teaching Non-Fiction 2-4 and 4-8 Scholastic Prof. Books Nonfiction Matters by Stephanie Harvey Nonfiction in Focus by Kristo and Bamford Text Forms and Features by Margaret Mooney Make It Real by Linda Hoyt Informational Text by Margaret Mooney and Linda Hoyt Reading and Writing in Multiple Genre by Byers Picture Story Books to Teach Literary Devices by Susan Hill

Resourceshttp://www.clueintosafety.com

http://www.bogglesworld.com/esl_science/reptiles_and_amphibians.htm

http://www.slocoe.org/resource/whale/whale1.html

http://www.kidshealth.org

http://www.exploratorium.edu/sport/index.html

http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/

http://www.wa.gov/ago/teenconsumer

http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/Good info on the human body

http://www.animalsoftherainforest.com/

http://www.learnnc.org/learnnc/mediacenter.nsf

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/Library of Congress search for country statistics

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/Library of Congress

http://www.festivals.com/

http://bensguide.gpo.gov

http://ipl.sils.umich.edu/div/kidspaceLook for links to state and culture information on the left hand

http://www.nationalgeographic.com

http://pbskids.org/See drop down menu

http://scavengerhunt.lee.k12.nc.us/

http://www.book2web.com: The Wright Group Inc. links to all kinds of science and social studies informaiton

http://www.lindahoyt.com: Directions for lots of guided reading activities in the classroom and directions for the Jigsaw Book

http://www.lauracandler.net: A collection of teacher created forms and blackline masters

http://www.davidson.k12.nc.us/mckeown/mckeown.html: Website for this presentation and supplementary materials

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