The Western Perception of Animals from Antiquity to the Modern Period

The Western Perception of Animals from Antiquity to the Modern Period

Ancient Egyptian Gods

Thoth as Baboon, c. 1400 BCE

Thoth as Ibis, 6th-5th c. BCE

Thoth Worshipped, c. 330 BCE

Thoth, 664-332 BCE

Bastet as Cat, 663-525 BCE

Bastet Amulet, 11th c. BCE

Bastet Amulet, 3rd-2nd c. BCE

Bastet

Sarcophagus of Prince Thutmose’s Cat, 14th c. BCE

Cat Mummy and Sarcophagus, 305 BCE

Cat Mummy Mask

Tawaret, 7th-4th c. BCE

Ancient Greek Gods

Zeus with an Eagle, c. 560 BCE

Zeus and Eagle, c. 300 BCE

Athena with a Snake and Cocks, c. 500 BCE

Athena with an Owl, c. 450 BCE

Aphrodite with a Swan or Goose, c. 460 BCE

Demeter Worshipper with a Piglet, 4th c. BCE

Animals in Ancient Rome:Spectacles of Violence

Zliten Mosaic, Libya, 2nd c. CE

The Corridor of the Great Hunt

Villa of Casala, Sicily, 4th c. CE

Children Hunting

Medieval Bestiaries

The Aberdeen Bestiary

England, c. 1200

Pelicans

Panther

Fox

Hedgehogs

Beaver

The Bestiary of Love

France, 13th-14th c.

Lion

Lion

Lion

Hoopoes

Other Illuminations

Hedgehog, France, c. 1415-1430

Pelican, France, c. 1430

Animals in Renaissance Art:Observing Nature

15th-16th Centuries

Leonardo da Vinci

1452-1519

Study of Horses, c. 1490

Rearing Horse, 1503

Albrecht Durer

1471-1528

Young Hare, 1502

Rhino, 1515

Hans Hoffmann

c. 1550-1591

The Scientific Revolution

Blood Transfusion:Breaking Down the Boundary Between Humans

and Animals

Human VeinsWilliam Harvey, 1628

Richard Lower Transfusing Lamb’s Blood to a Man (17th c.)

Lamb’s Blood Transfusion, 1874

Transfusion of a Goat’s BloodJules Adler, 1890

Vivisection

An Experiment on a Bird in the Air PumpJoseph Wright, 1768

A Physiological Demonstration with Vivisection of a DogEmile-Edouard Mouchy, 1832

The Lesson of Claude Bernard, or Session at the Vivisection Laboratory

Léon Augustin Lhermitte, 1889

Vivisection: The Last AppealJohn McClure Hamilton, 1883

Anti-Vivisectionist Illustration, 19th c.

Ivan Pavlov

1904 Nobel Prize Winner

The Anti-Vivisection Movement Today

The Rise of Pet Keeping:Sentimentalizing Pets in the 19th Century

Sir Edwin Henry Landseer

1802-1873

Jocko with a Hedgehog, 1828

Attachment, 1829

A Highland Breakfast, 1834

The Old Shepherd’s Chief Mourner, 1837

A Distinguished Member of the Humane Society, 1838

Macaw, Lovebirds, Terrier and Spaniel Puppies Belonging to Her Majesty, 1839

A Favorite Greyhound of Prince Albert, 1841

Princess Victoria with Eos, 1841

Princess Alice, 1843

Queen Victoria and Prince Albert at Home, 1843

Saved!, 1856

Benno Adam

1812-1892

St. Bernard and Her Pups, 1862

Dog Family with an Old Nag, 1869

Richard Ansdell

1815-1885

The Wounded Hound, 1841

Motherhood

Best Friends

Henriette Ronner-Knip

1821-1909

Curiosity

Fond of Jewelry

Artful Play

Cat and Kittens, 1893

Contentment

Before the Hearth

Best of Friends, 1894

Three Kittens, 1896

Tea Time, 1897

Cheese Lovers

High Tea

Kittens, 1899

Horatio Henry Couldery

1832-1893

A Tabby Cat and Her Kittens

Curiosity

A Fascinating Tail

The Reluctant Playmate

Nowhere to Hide

Fishing Party

Kitten in a Vase

The Unexpected Guest

Faithful Companions

Chow Pomeranians in a Garden

Two Chow Pups

Carl Reichert

1836-1918

Portrait of a Dog, 1871

Hector, 1871

Best of Friends, 1887

The Cats and the Cockatoo, 1891

Studio Assistants

A New Acquaintance

A French Bulldog, 1897

Newfoundland

Young Dachshund

Spaniel

The Blue Bow

Dog Family