Foot Care 8

DIABETICDIABETIC

FOOTCAREFOOTCARE

MITHRA

ROLL NO-44

SYMPTOMS

Persistent pain Redness Swelling Loss of hair Hard shiny skin Localised warmth Break in the skin

Drainage of pus or bloody discharge

Limp or difficulty walking Fever Numbness

DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

Damage of nerves in the legs and feet –loss of sensation.

Foot ulcers occur because of nerve damage.

PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Diabetes affects the blood vessels and alters the flow of blood.

Unhealed injury increase the risk of ulcer and gangrene.

FOOT ULCER It is a break in

the skin or a deep sore, which can become infected.

It result from minor scrapes, cuts that heal slowly, or from the rubbing of shoes .

ATHLETE’S FOOT

Cause redness,itching, crackin.

PLANTAR WARTS

Caused by virus affecting outer layer of skin.

BLISTERS Caused by

wearing improperly fitting shoes.

CORNS Build up of hard

skin over bony area

FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION

Nails become discolored thick and brittle.

BUNIONS Big toe angles

towards the second toe.

PREVENTION

Keep the blood glucose level within the range recommended by doctor.

Avoid smoking.

Maintain the blood flow to the feet.

Put the feet up when sitting.

Wiggle the toes and move the ankles several times a day

Don't cross the legs for long periods of time

Check the feet every day for sores, blisters, redness, calluses, or other problems.

Wash the feet with warm water and keep it moist by applying lotion.

Gently smooth corns and calluses with an emery board or pumice stone.

Check and trim the toe nails once a week.

inspection of the

skin check for pulses

and temperature of the feet

an assessment of sensation to the foot .

WHEN TO SEEK MEDICAL CARE

Changes in skin color Changes in skin

temperature in the foot or ankle

Dry cracks in the skin, especially around the heal.

Unusual and/or persistent foot pain in the legs.

Open sores on the feet that are slow to or are draining.

Ingrown or toenail infected with fungus.

Corns or calluses.

EXAMINATION AND TESTS

History and physical examination Laboratory Tests X-ray Doppler Consultation

TREATMENT Self Care at home Medical Treatment Antibiotics Surgical debridement

of wound Improvement of

circulation by surgery or therapy.

Referral to Orthopaedic surgeon

Follow up