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+Bipolar Disorder
A condition in which people alternate between periods of a very good or irritable mood and depression.
TypesSymptoms& Treatment
+Table of Contents
Types of Bipolar Disorder
Symptoms
Treatment
References
+Types of Bipolar Disorder
Type I At least one manic episode and periods of major depression Was once called manic depression
Type II Never had full mania Have periods of high energy levels and impulsiveness, not
as extreme as mania (called hypomania) Alternate with periods of depression
+Types of Bipolar Disorder
Cyclothymia Mild form Involves less severe mood swings People alternate between hypomania and mild mild depression
People with Type II or Cyclothymia may be wrongly diagnosed as having depression.
+Types of Bipolar DisordersReview Questions
Which type has the least amount of mood swings?
Which type has combinations of high energy with impulses
Are they as extreme as mania?
What was Type I known as in the past?
Do people diagnosed as Type I suffer from major depression?
What periods do people with cyclothymia alternate between?
+Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Easily Distraced
Little need for sleep
Poor judgement
Poor temper control
Reckless behavior Binge eating, drinking, and/or
drug use Sex with many partners Spending sprees
Very elevated mood Excess activity Increased energy racing thoughts Talking a lot Very high self-esteem
Very involved in activities
Very upset
Occur with bipolar disorder I. People with Type II have similar symptoms, but less severe.
Manic phases can last from days to months. Their symptoms include:
+Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Daily low mood or sadness
Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
Eating problems Loss of appetite and weight loss Overreacting and weight gain
Fatigue or lack of energy
Feeling worthless, hopeless, guilty
Loss of pleasure in activities once enjoyed
Loss of self esteem
Thoughts of death and suicide
Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much
Pulling away from friends
+Symptoms of Bipolar DisorderReview Questions
How long do manic phases last?
Are the symptoms for people with Type II more severe than mania?
What are 3 symptoms experienced during the depressed phase of both types?
What are 3 examples of reckless behavior seen in mania behavior?
Do the symptoms of mania also occur in those with Type I?
+Treatments for Bipolar Disorder
Main goals in treatment are to: Avoid moving from one phase to the other Avoid need for hospital stay Help patient function as well as possible between episodes Prevent self-injury and suicide Make the episodes less severe
Periods of depression of mania return in most even with treatment.
+Treatments for Bipolar Disorder
The following drugs (mood stabilizers) are usually used first: Carbamazepine Lamotrigine Lithium Valproate
Others Include: Antipsychotic drugs and
anti-anxiety drugs Antidepressants
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used when there’s no response to medication
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) High-frequency magnetic
pulses to target affected areas of brain.
Most often used after ECT Carbamazepine Lamotrigine Lithium Valproate
+Treatments of Bipolar DisorderReview Questions
What drugs are generally used first in treating bipolar disorder?
What are two main goals of treatment?
What does ECT stand for?
What is it used for?
What does TMS stand for?
What is TMS?
When is it usually used?
+Resources
“An Integrated Approach to the Management of Bipolar Disorder: An Alliance of Science and Medicine.” Medscape. 28 July 2003. 7 July 2011 < www.medscape.org/viewarticle/459327_1 >
United States. National Center for Biotechnology, U.S. National Library of Medicine. PubMed Health. Bipolar Disorder. 29 March 2011. 7 July 2011 < www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gove/pubmedhealth/PMH00019247 >
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