Gene mutation and its types

GENE MUTATION & ITS TYPES

Presented by: CS KAZIPYO15MSCGPB001 III SemesterM.Sc (Ag) Genetics & Plant Breeding

HOW DO MUTATION HOW DO MUTATION OCCUROCCUR

• Mutations may be natural or induced and may be occur at chromosome level or at gene or molecular level

• Spontaneous mutation is due to natural causes like errors in DNA application.

• Induced mutation is caused by artificial agents called mutagens (Physical radiation or Chemical compound).

TYPES OF GENE MUTATION

Point Mutation Substitution Insertion Deletion Frameshift

Point Mutation

• Missense Mutation: DNA → RNA → Protein (Change) (Change) (Change)

• Same/Silent Mutation: DNA → RNA → Protein (Change) (Change) (No Change)

• Non-Sense Mutation: DNA → RNA → Protein (Change) (Change) ( Stop)

• Missense Mutation:Change in nucleotide sequence brings different types of protein.

• Same/Silent Mutation:Change in nucleotide sequence brings no change in protein type. It is due to degeneracy of genetic.

• Non-Sense Mutation:Change in nucleotide sequence brings non-sense codon (UAA, UAG, UGA) at a new position in the mRNA as a result, protein synthesis adversely stops.

2. Base Substitution• Replacement of one base pair by another pair

in the DNA is known as base substitution.i) Transition:

Purine Purine Purine Purine

→ or →

→ or → Pyrimidine Pyrimidine Pyrimidine Pyrimidine

• ii) Transversion: Purine Pyrimidine Pyrimidine Purine

→ or →

Pyrimidine Purine Purine Pyrimidine

3. Insertion

• Insertions are mutations in which extra base pairs are inserted into a new place in the DNA.

4. Deletion

• Deletions are mutations in which a section of DNA is lost, or deleted.

• If it occurs in coding sequences and involves one, two or more nucleotides which are not a multiple of three, it will disrupt the reading frame.

5. Frameshift Mutation• Mutation caused by the addition or deletion of a

base pair or base pairs in the DNA of a gene resulting in the translation of the genetic code in an unnatural reading frame from the position of the mutation to the end of the gene

Gene mutation and its types

Science

MAPK pathway and TERT promoter gene mutation pattern …...And gene mutation types of . these above-mentioned pivotal genes in MAPK pathway and their correlations with . each other

Two Types of Mutations Gene mutation: single gene defective Insertion Substitution Deletion Chromosomal mutation: missing or extra chromosome Monosomy

chapter 5-Gene mutation and DNA polymorphismcourse.sdu.edu.cn/G2S/eWebEditor/uploadfile/20120413111931... · Gene Mutation Definition Major Types. Definition A gene mutation is a

Mechanisms of Gene Mutation

Genome,Chromosome&Gene Mutation

1 12-4 Mutations. 2 Mutation = change in genetic material Gene mutation = changes in a single gene Chromosomal mutation = changes in whole chromosomes

Natural History of Achondroplasia Autosomal Dominant Gene Mutation

Dominant-negative missense p53 gene mutation Upstream tumour suppressor gene mutation (ATM) Oncogene amplification (MDM2) Viral oncogene

Gene Structure and Mutation

Full coding sequence mutation screening of KRAS gene in ... · Full coding sequence mutation screening of KRAS gene in gastric ... Full coding sequence mutation screening of KRAS

Chapter 12.4 gene regulation & mutation

PTEN Mutation in Endometrial Cancers Is Associated withMutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene is a frequent event in endometrial cancers. In other types of cancers, PTEN mutation

gene-mutation hypothesis of cancer

REPLICATION GENETIC ENGINEERING MUTATION BIOETHICS GENE DNA

Gene Mutation f07.pdf · types – 1. Chromosome mutations • Changes in chromosome structure – 2. Genome mutations • Changes in chromosome number – 3. Single-gene mutations

MUTATION JARGON GENE MUTATION = POINT …fire.biol.wwu.edu/trent/trent/13.02.15lecture2.pdf2015/02/13 · 1 MUTATION JARGON GENE MUTATION = POINT MUTATION (scale of mutation is small

Gene Mutations. Mutation Vocabulary Gene Mutation Point Mutation – Substitution – Silent – Missense – Nonsense Frameshift – Insertion – Deletion Chromosomal

Synonymous mutation gene design to overexpress ACCase in …parrottlab.uga.edu/parrottlab/Publications/Heckartetal... · 2016-05-09 · ORIGINAL PAPER Synonymous mutation gene design

Human Gene Mutation Database

Gene Linkage and Mutation