Ogle UNFCC inventory reporting needs Nov 10 2014

UNFCCC Inventory Reporting Needs, Collecting Data and Using this

Information to Inform NAMAs and LEDS

Stephen M. Ogle, Ph.D. Senior Research Scientist

Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory Colorado State University

Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

National GHG Inventory Guidelines

1991

Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks, OECD/IPCC

1995

IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

1996

Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

2006

2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

2013

2013 Supplement to the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Wetlands

2000

Good Practice Guidance & Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

2003

Good Practice Guidance for Land-Use, land use Change and Forestry

UNFCCC Reporting Requirements

• Annex I Parties shall use the methodologies in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, unless stated otherwise in the UNFCCC Annex I inventory reporting guidelines, and any supplementary methodologies agreed by the COP, and other relevant COP decisions (decision 24/CP.19)

• Non-Annex I Parties provide biennial update reports (decision 2/CP.17)

•  Use the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines, 2000 IPCC Good Practice Guidance, and 2003 IPCC Good Practice Guidance for LULUCF

Basis for IPCC Good Practice Guidance

Result  • Credible  • Reliable  • Useful  

Inventory  • Documented  • Assessed  for  Uncertain9es  • Subject  to  QA/QC  • Efficient  use  of  resources  • Uncertain9es  reduced  over  9me  

TCCCA  

• Transparent  • Consistent  • Complete  • Comparable  • Accurate  

Basic Inventory Method

Most sources can use defaults from

IPCC Guidelines – Only “Key

( Categories” ~ 10 - 15 Sources ) need use more detailed

parameters

G u i

d e l i n

e s

Activity Data usually can be

found in national or international

statistics . O

f f i c i

a l S

t a t i s

t i c s

“Key Categories” ( usually ~ 10 - 15

Sources ) account for over 95 % of a

countries emissions , focus

resources on these

E m i s

s i o n

E s t

i m a t

e s

= X Emission Estimate

Emission Factor

Activity Data

IPCC Tier Methods •  Tier 1 is lowest level of methods

– IPCC default equations and factors

•  Tier 2 is the next level of methods – IPCC default equations with country-specific emission factors

•  Tier 3 are the most advanced – Country specific method/equations and emission factors – Requires testing of method to demonstrate that the approach is an

improvement over lower tiers

•  IPCC considers it good practice to use higher tier methods with key emission source categories

Ogle et al. 2014, Global Change Biology

Basic Inventory Method

Most sources can use defaults from

IPCC Guidelines – Only “Key

( Categories” ~ 10 - 15 Sources ) need use more detailed

parameters

G u i

d e l i n

e s

Activity Data usually can be

found in national or international

statistics . O

f f i c i

a l S

t a t i s

t i c s

“Key Categories” ( usually ~ 10 - 15

Sources ) account for over 95 % of a

countries emissions , focus

resources on these

E m i s

s i o n

E s t

i m a t

e s

= X Emission Estimate

Emission Factor

Activity Data

Improve Activity Data Collection

•  Mine existing data including national statistics and data compiled by international organizations

•  Develop surveys that monitor practices across a network of locations, households, farms, etc.

•  Elicit expert knowledge through a survey of experts

Improve Activity Data Collection •  Crowd-sourcing data collection to compile information on

practices

•  Utilize geospatial data developed from remote sensing technologies or other sources –  Could be combined with surveys in a phased sampling design

Produced  through  USAID  Project  in  Central  America  

Basic Inventory Method

Most sources can use defaults from

IPCC Guidelines – Only “Key

( Categories” ~ 10 - 15 Sources ) need use more detailed

parameters

G u i

d e l i n

e s

Activity Data usually can be

found in national or international

statistics . O

f f i c i

a l S

t a t i s

t i c s

“Key Categories” ( usually ~ 10 - 15

Sources ) account for over 95 % of a

countries emissions , focus

resources on these

E m i s

s i o n

E s t

i m a t

e s

= X Emission Estimate

Emission Factor

Activity Data

IPCC Working Group: Update Emission Factors

•  Commission a scientific working group to develop emission factors through Technical Support Unit for the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Program through a synthesis of the literature and modeling

•  Factors should be officially reviewed and be given the IPCC “Stamp of Approval” –  Allows country compilers to utilize them as specified in the guidance

without having to defend the use of the new factors

•  Disseminate the emission factors through the IPCC Emission Factors Database

Ogle et al. 2014, Global Change Biology

Ogle et al. 2013, Environmental Research Letters

Basic Inventory Method

Most sources can use defaults from

IPCC Guidelines – Only “Key

( Categories” ~ 10 - 15 Sources ) need use more detailed

parameters

G u i

d e l i n

e s

Activity Data usually can be

found in national or international

statistics . O

f f i c i

a l S

t a t i s

t i c s

“Key Categories” ( usually ~ 10 - 15

Sources ) account for over 95 % of a

countries emissions , focus

resources on these

E m i s

s i o n

E s t

i m a t

e s

= X Emission Estimate

Emission Factor

Activity Data

Improve National GHG Mitigation Analyses

•  National inventories are compiled for reporting GHG emissions to the UNFCCC

•  Arguably the real value of these efforts is using the information to evaluate mitigation potentials and inform policy actions

– Mitigation is part of the national communications that country’s submit to the UNFCCC

•  Inform policy development for LEDS and NAMAs

Ogle et al., accepted, ACSESS Book Publication

Mitigation Analysis for South Africa • UNFCCC Eastern and Southern Africa GHG Inventory Capacity-

Building Project • Developed the inventory in the Agriculture and Land Use National

Greenhouse Gas Inventory (ALU) software • Conducted a mitigation analysis for livestock and manure

management • One mitigation analysis featured manure management

•  Option 1: 50% of manure currently managed in anaerobic lagoons is proposed to be managed in anaerobic digesters with 75% methane capture efficiency

•  Option 2: Same as Option 1 with 75% of manure managed in anaerobic digesters

•  Option 3: Same as Option 1 with 85% methane capture efficiency •  Option 4: Same as Option 2 with 85% methane capture efficiency  

Ogle et al., accepted, ACSESS Book Publication

Thanks for your attention!

•  Ogle, S.M., L. Buendia, K. Butterbach-Bahl, F.J. Breidt, M. Hartman, K. Yagi, R. Nayamuth, S. Spencer, T. Wirth, and P. Smith. 2013. Advancing national greenhouse gas inventories for agriculture in developing countries: improving activity data, emission factors, and software technology. Environmental Research Letters 8, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015030

•  Ogle, S.M., L. Olander, L. Wollenberg, T. Rosenstock, F. Tubiello, K. Paustian, L. Buendia, A. Nihart, and P. Smith. 2014. Reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries: providing the basis for action. Global Change Biology 20:1-6.

•  Ogle et al., accepted, Developing National Baseline GHG Emissions and Analyzing Mitigation Potentials for Agriculture and Forestry using an Advanced National GHG Inventory Software System. In ACSESS book, Synthesis and Modeling of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes and Carbon Changes in Agricultural and Forest Systems to Guide Mitigation and Adaptation.

•  New degree program focused on greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture and forestry

•  Provide training to a new generation of practitioners focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural and forestry systems

•  Offered at Colorado State University, Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability

•  Website: warnercnr.colostate.edu/mgma •  E-mail: WCNR_ESS_Info@mail.colostate.edu