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Sri Sankara
Author : ShankaraNarayanan S Publisher: Adyar Library and Research Center ] The Theosophical
Society Press First Edition third Reprint 2011
ISBN [10]: 81-85141-14-2 ISBN [13]: 978-81-85141-14-5
ForeWord Radha Burnier
Swami Smarananda [ Sri Ramakrishna Math, Chennai
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
Rabindranath Tagore's Quote ... love for India, 1.Satyam Gnanam Anantam Brahma
Santam Shivam Advaitam
Biographies = 33 accounts Brihaccankaravijaya 1&2 = Chitsukhacharya 1220 AD? Sankaravijaya of Ananda-Giri
Sivarahasya tradition} Sankara was born in chidambaram
Sankara-Vijaya of Madhava Minister for Harihara Bukka 1300s ?vidyaranya of sringeri math
Vyasa-cala mahadevendra saraswati of Kanchi peetham 1498-1507
Brahmaananda disciple of sarvajna-atman, author of sanksepa-saariraka
Hostile Accounts Dwaita Works
Madhava Vijaya ManiManjari
Buddhism History = Taranatha Sankara leapt into Ganga after losing to Dharma-kirti
Criticism they are very late and full of exaggerative and hyperbolic
statements, 16.
State of history writing in India Poetic license Kumarila Bhatta in Mimamsa Vartika
states that even valmiki and Vyasa used poetic license in narratives
CHAPTER II: BACKGROUND HISTORICAL SOCIAL &
RELIGIOUS
Bhartrhari on the advent of extraordinary man; Quote 22.
2 fold Dharma of Bharat Pravriti [ Rituals and Scriptures ] Nivritti [ renunciation, enquiry, negation ] Decline and its restoration by the Divine, 23.
Condition of Dharma on the eve of Sri Sankara's arrival
The supremacy of Buddhism, 26.
6 schools of Dharma Sankhya: Oldest
inert material cause, [ pradhaana] ○ denouncing supremeness, ++ no God Particle ○ Satkarya vada [ theory of causation, effects exist subtly in the cause]
Nyaya nyaya vartika b udhyottakara 600AD? fight against buddhism
Vaisesikha, Yoga, Purva-Mimamsa,
Authors Jaimini, Upavarsa, Sabar-svamin ++ pravritti dharma ++ Karma Bhartru-prapanca = found it difficult to understand how Nivritti was an
independent path in itself The Bhakti school, 29.
Vedanta
Prasthanatraya = Brahmasutras ++ Upanishads ++ Bagavadgita
Advaita
Northern school of Vedanta, Gaudapãda
?Alleged Buddhistic features of Gauda pada's Karikas mandukya kaarika = commentary on Mandukya upanishad Buddhism picks off vedanta as Mahedra-varma I pallava 600 AD
noted Govinda Bhagavatpada. ,
Mahabhasya of Patanjali, grammarian Real name chandra-svamin , 4 sons : bhartruhari being one of them
○ who propounded - sabda-advaita vaada [ wave theory ] Kashmir / Ujjain
Southern school of Vedanta Brahmanandin, = Chandogya Vaakya, [atri] Dramidacarya.= Bhasya on the above vaakya [atri] Sundara Pandya= varttika on sariraka mimansa vritti by
upavarsa
3 degrees of reality illusory rope snake Absolute Brahman phenomenal reality
Sri Sankara unified all the above into 1
single framework
CHAPTER III: LIFE oF SRI SANKARA: BIRTH
Quotes by Veda Vyasa and Max Müller on the limitations of logic. 39
Scenic land of Kerala Parasu-Rãmaksetra, 41. Cidvilasa -= 15 verse description , purna, Curni, Aluwa,
Periyar,
Alwaye Kaaladi Kaipillli house
Atri Gotra Atri [book 5, svarbhanu, Sun ] taittiriya YajurVeda, 10K students a-tri free from rajas tamas, sat. Anusuya, ++ Dandaka Forest Sivaguru Father title : Vidhya-adhiraja Makha Pandita FIL / Meputtur Aryamba Mother Tri-sivaperur [ Trissur ] Blessing for son
Vrsa-cala Bull hill ++ Dakshina Kailasa
Legend of Sankara as Siva Muruga = Kumarila bhatta Indra = King Sudhanva Brahma = Visvarupa mandana Misra
Sarasvati as wife ubhaya bharati Vishnu = Padmapada Vayu = Hastamaalaka ….
Sankara Birth Pancami, Vaisakha [ May / June ]
Guru poornima today Nakshatra
○ punarvasu 7 Rama ○ ardra 6th Siva
Meaning of Samkara Sam [5] + Ka [1] + Ra [2] == 5 th day, 1st fortnight, 2nd month ..
7th nakshatra Sanskrit numbering = sequential consonants ++ chronograph, 1
sun, 2 eyes etc..
Key milestones 3Y = caulakarma Saundarya Lahari : Bhagavathi feeds the baby and baby narrates
[ Devibhujanga, Bhujangaprayaata ] 5Y upanayana = ghatika , chaturvaidyasala , bhiksha carana 7Y = completed all the vaidika works Kanakadhara stotra
Poor woman, gooseberry offering bhiksha gold + svarna Attu mana
8Y back at home Pulls river purna nearer to home for his mother 56.
Rajasekhara's visit Offers gold, ++ 3 poems recital …. they are good!! ++ Son is born
Rishis, 8Y Bless further life ++ expanded to 16Y sad news Samnyasa : Crocodile incident
VivekaChudamani [79,81,82,143 ] Crocodile as craving and indulgence in life
CHAPTER IV LIFE oF SRI SANKARA: (1) THE
COMMENTATOR AND DEBATOR
Quotes Merutunga and George Eliot on ancient stories 70.
Govinda Bhagavatpada Guru Ans Sat-chit-ananda Dasa-sloki
madhusudana Sarasvati comments that this is better than Brahma-sutras of baadaraayana / Vyasa ]
Contains the narmada narmada-astaka [ Vindhya viruddham dhyayati, Agastya = one
who conquered a mountain
Gaudapada Patanjali’s student and is cursed R Released by Govinda / ChandaraSvamin Wrote mahabhasya on Patanjali’s work Govinda asks Sankara to start his work
Works of Sankara Kasi [ pentad and Octad written ] Meeting Vishnu-sarma
Sanandana and later padma-pada Narrating Bhaja Govindam
dwadasa pajarika stotra chaturdasa [ charpata] panjarika stotra ] 12 + 14 = mohamudgara
Candala as preceptor = Manisa pancakam
Badarika Asrama Gauda padas 15 works 11 Upanishad Bhasya
Mandukya, Isha, Kena [2] , Chandogya, katha, prashna, taittiriy,a Aittiriya, bhruhad-aranyaka , mundaka 2 bhaasyas on kena are pada and vakya [ word and sentence]
Other Doubtful Upanishads nrusimha taapini, kausitaki, svetashwatara upanishads
3 itihasa bhasya Bagavadgita, sanat-sujaatiya vishnu sahasra nama stotra
Sutra-prasthana on brahmsutra shariraka bhaasya
Meeting Badaraayana Vyasa debate [ mural in the varadaraja temple in kanci gives him 16 more years
4 stages of learning Learning a subject [ understanding the subject living the learning accordingly [ propagating the learning [ 16Y [ comparison with
Devanaampriya Asoka
Agnisarma & return to Kaladi Agnisarma brings family wealth Sankara builds a temple Returns to Kaaladi Aaryamba dies and cremation by self cursing nambudiri of kaaladi Narrating the poems of rajasekara back to him from
memory
Kumarila Bhatta and Mandana Misra Disciples = Mandana, Umveka, Prabhakara Misra, Muraari Misra Kumarila bhatta Falls pushed by buddhists, losing right eye Sankara wants kumarila to write a varttika on Sariraka Bhasya Dying Kumarila, on the pyre reads introduction and guides him
to visvarupa / Mandana Mandana mishra
mahishmati , Shraddha ceremony Ubhaya bharati as the judge Judgment by fresh garland
Ubhaya bhaarati questions on sex kama sutra = amaru-sataka by sankara
Mandana becomes sureshwara-carya [ 1st sankara of sringeri ]
Chapter V : Triumph, Pigrimage and Mukti
Visits and meetings list Kapalika meets and dies hasta-aamalaka
7Y son of prabhakara, dumb gets voice, becomes disciple hastamaalakiya bhasyam
○ guru writes bhasya on disciples verses Giri becomes totaka-acharya
sruthi sara samudhaarana in totaka meter 179 verses verse for a leper Ekaasloki
commentary by svayampakasa yogi a disciple of gopala yogiindra kaapalika krakaca killed by bhairava bhagandara anal disease and cure
??Kaamarupa after debating with abhinava gupta
shanmatha sthapana acarya 6 deities unified for the first time with 6 disciples Surya / indra == ravi kumara Sakthi = tripura kumara Shaiva == paramata kaalanala Ganapatya = girijaa kumara Kumara = vatukanatha / kapaalika Vaishnava == laksmana
Sankara Matha Sringeri == Saradapitha = Bhoga == suresvara Dwarika == kaalika pitha Badari nath == jyotimati pitha = mukti Puri == vimala pitha Kanci == kaamkoti pitha == yoga
Disciples Mandana Suresvara == Bhasya on taittiriya and Bruhad
aranyaka ++ Nais karma siddhi Totaka = tika , pancapadika Padma Pada
Upadesa pancaka Pentad for easy understanding of advaita sara
samadhi of sankara kanci, kedaranath, badariaasrama, dattaatreya asrama Trissur,
types of commentaries Sutra Bhaasya Varttika
Chapter VI Philosophy of Sankara Brahma Jignasa, Atma Jignasa Brahma Vicara Brahma satya jagan mithya jiva barhmaiva naaparaha
Brahma sat Svarupalaksana
negation, == nirguna saguna antaryaamin
sambandha avastha imaginary relations maya- sakti leads to lower level entities with different sat rajas
tamas , sankhya inert Sambandha anaavastha
relentless relationship regression relationship is false bheda self contradictions three there is no
difference Brahma isvara self
advaita focus Focus on nature of Brahman and not relations sraddha ++ manana ++ anumana
frailty of suska tarka self based logic Sravana and sramana Buddha Sankara Brahma sat ! Nirguna saguna are the same
vimuktas cha vimucyate 3 states atma Brahman medium
self deha dehi ( jiva) reflects universal nature svaprakasa self luminous
Atman aham Difference is anirvacaniya and through maya-sakti Aavarana Maya and. Viksepa
veiling and manifesting extremes leading to lower forms self clouding
17 layers organs sutra-atma
atma as a string Indian string theory mahaprana virat vaishvaanara
Gods are interactions of guna rajas sat tamas in differing proportions
Maya == differentiation bheda ! Interaction sambandha ! Interpretation mithya
Brahman == Anantha ! Satya !
Jnana
Jagan mithya phantasia , buddha comparison vivartavada satkaaravada parinamavada vivartavada
change and no change cryptic Buddhist
Atma brahmaiva na para brahmavid brahmaiva bhavati atomic atma
embodied Brahman encapsulation satyam jnanam anantam atma ! ruler is not analogy of Brahman
Ruler knows the kingdom but not everywhere wrong association Brahman not associated
medium size atma realization failure Hunter kidnap instant realization to Prince
bhagatyagalaksana words association are dropped and only root essence is true … like number and arithmetic ways to get there impermanence
kataka nut water purification 8todo Soham vs daso-ham objection our perception is limited reality
association sambandha avastha problem like owner described as the house
Chapter VII : relevance on Sankara in modern times dogma and belief based on Veda Veda itself and Sankara prod people to think
independent experience and thinking before validating Pitch based on understanding self and nature
samnyasa is the basis of advaita !! progress does not need philosophy
agreed lot of progress is there but mind fear depression are today's challenges inner engineering
Appendix I : Dating Sankara
Dharmakirthi Buddha references
Appendix II : Twin Controversies
Appendix III : Works of Sankara
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