Addicted To Passion

Addicted to Passion

Performances of Fan Audiencehood in Italian Networked Publics

Agnese Vellar

PhD student in Communication ScienceDepartment of Social Sciences. Università degli Studi di Torino. Italy

1. Scenario: Fan Cultures in Networked Publics

2. Methodology: auto + multiseted ethography

3. Case Study: ::Italian Subs Addicted::

4. Conclusion: How to became “Addicted to Passion”

Fan Cultures in

Networked Publics

Niche peer cultures

Special Interest Group

Ito, M. (2008) Networked Publics: Introduction. In Kazys Varnelis (ed), Networked Publics. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Mobilized audiences

Example:

P2P Networks

Telecoons

Fandom

Networked Digital Mediaad

adaptation

co-option

Generations of Fandom

Textual Poeachers

subculture

Pop Cosmopolitanism

Participatory media culture

Jenkins, H. (2006) Fans, Blogger, and Gamers. Exploring Participatory Cultures. New York: New York Univesity.

Textual Hackers

Interpretive community

UtopyStar Trek

ComplexityTwin Peaks

Diversity - MediaMix(Buffyverse –Mangaverse)

Generations of online Fandom

Baym, N. K. (2000) Tune in, Log on: Soap, fandom, and online community. Tousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Baym, N. K. (2007) The new shape of online community: The example of Swedish independent music fandom. In First Monday, 12 (8).

Victims of exploitation?

networked collectivism

Social media and offline sites

(Official Web Site, MySpace Porfile, Blog, SNS)

Cultural dupes?

site-basedonline community

(newsgroup)

Online Audience Community of Practice

prolific

personalityLurkers

Bunch of close friends

diadic

frienship

Usenet newsgrou

p on soap opera

From shared appreciation to shared identity

Interpretive

Performative

Informative

Textual Performers

Hills, M. (2002) Fan Cultures. London: Routledge.

competition

culturalcapital

symboliccapital

social capital

Emergence of fan cultures

Performances of Fan Audiencehood

Newsgroups’s serialization of the fan audience itself

Self presentation and self performance of the audience-as-text

Just-in-time-fandom

Contemporary media landscape

Jenkins, H. (2006b) Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: New York University Press 2006.

Partecipatory media

cultures

CorporationCross-Media

Platform

Media-mix

Concergence Culture

PrimarySeconday

Tertiary text

Amateur media

production

Amateur Experts and Indie Music

Baym, N. K. and Burnett, R. (2008). Amateur experts: International fan labor in Swedish independent music. Paper Prepared for Internet Research, 9.0, Copenhagen, Denmark. October, 2008. http://www.onlinefandom.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/amateurexperts.pdf

Artists

Fan promoters

1. Investment in carrer

2. Artist’s peer

3. Enthusiast

getting attentio

economic capital

culturalcapital

symboliccapital

social capital

Social Interaction and Television 2.0

Insider community

Producers

Actors

Directors

Aspire to have privileged

connection

Askwith, I.D. (2007). Television 2.0: Reconceptualizing TV as an Engagement Medium. Masters thesis of Science in Comparative Media Studies at MIT, September.

Social Interaction

Characters

Digital Youth: genres of participation

MacArthur Foundation (2008) Living and Learning with New Media: Summary of Findings from the Digital Youth Project. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Reports on Digital Media and Learning, November 2008. http://digitalyouth.ischool.berkeley.edu/files/report/digitalyouth-WhitePaper.pdf

Friendship-drivenInterest-driven

Hanging Out

Geeking Out

Messing

Around

Hanging Outpeers

social network sites

Always on communication integrated with their everyday hanging out practices

Social Capital and College Students

Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007) The benefits of Facebook "friends:" Social capital and college students' use of online social network sites. In Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), Art. 1. http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol12/issue4/ellison.html.

connection could have strong payoffs in terms of jobs, internship, and other opportunity. (p. 22)

Primary Audience: offline connection

Self-esteem:“Poor get richer” hypothesis

formation of weak ties

Low barriers of participation

Taste performance

Liu, H. (2007) Social network profiles as taste performances. In Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), Art. 13.

Differentiate form friends

Popular cultureand

subcultures

culturalcapital

social capital

prestige

Cult markers of coolIndicators of one’s aesthetic

Performance to seek

Presentation of Self in Networked Publics

boyd, D. (2008) Taken Out of Content. American Teen Sociality in Networket Publics. PhD dissertation. School of Information UC-Berkeley. http://www.danah.org/papers/TakenOutOfContext.pdf

Self-reflexive identity production for immagined audience

Presentation of self and Impression management (Goffman) and Bedroom Culture and Fashion

Facet of teen’s identity based on the social context

llapse

tIf you’re not on

MySpace, you don’t exist

Egocentric network

Invisib

le aud

iences

Private/Public

Lange, P.G. (2008) Publicly Private and Privately Public: Social Networking on YouTube. In Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 361-380.

character Privately public fans

show real identity Publicly private close friends

became a celeb

connect with friends

The dicotomy is more productive visualized as a fractal distinction

The use of media by members of a social group to stay connect or to interact with other members […] supports social networks facilitating and technically mediating social interactions amoug people within a network. (p. 363)

Mediacircui

Messing Around

Experimentation and exploration

Reflexively thinking abot himself and his work

Lurk and anonymous participation in social spaces

Media creation with digital tools

Appropriation

Modyfying

Copy/paste

Digital Youth and New Media Litaracy

Fansubs

Machinima

Mashups

Web comics

Genres of media Social interaction

Personal Profile

Casual form of online speach

Nuanced social norm

Video blog

culturalcapital

symboliccapital

social capital

Youthful content creation in SNS

Livingstone, S. (2008) Taking risky opportunities in youthful content creation: teenagers’ use of social networking sites for intimacy, privacy and self-expression. In New Media & Society 10(3): 393-411.

Innovative peer culture

Elaborating the presentation of self at the node supports the biographization of the self by prioritizing a managed and stylize display identity as lifestyle. (p. 403)

Sociability

Community-engagement

Creativity

Self-expression

New literacy

Online identity

Geeking Out

Fandom, amateur media, gaming

Intense commitment or engagement with media or technology

Interest-Based Communities and Organization

Feedback

Learning

Recognition

Reputation

Tertiary text in Television 2.0

Creative workProductive activity

Social TextBasis for social interaction

☺Fan art

Askwith, I.D. (2007). Television 2.0: Reconceptualizing TV as an Engagement Medium. Masters thesis of Science in Comparative Media Studies at MIT, September.

remix content to create new meaning

FanFic

share emotions and opinions

☻♥

Collaborative Knowledge

Reconceptualizing audiences

Mobilized audiences

Mass Culture Convergence Cultureaudience / celebrity as a dicotomy audience celebrity as a process

Starring system

staring system

star system

Micro celebrities

Starring System

egocentric network and networked collectivism

Self-expression – Creativity – New literacy – Peer education

I argue that fan cultures can be understood as a starring system: a network of multifaceted and multisited individual and collective performances of audiencehood

Remix cultural material

Starring System

culturalcapital

symboliccapital

social capital

Remix cultural material

In the starring system fans compete, collaborate and remix cultural material in order to gain visibility and acquire social and cultural capital.

competition and collaboration

Aca/Fan

fanacademic scholar-fan fan-scholar

professional amateur

Starring Systemce

fanacademic

scholar-fan fan-scholar

The dicotomies audience/celebrity and academic/fan

could be more productive visualized as a fractal distinction

Methodology

1. Analytical auto-ethnography of gg_akame.

2. Multisited participant-observation on ::ItaSa::.

3. Biographical interviews with Itasiani.

Autoethnography: narratives of the fan

Autoethnography could chart how

multiple fandom are linked throught the individual’s realization of the self-identity. (p. 81)

The cultural identities of lecturers and students who are fans

need to be examined more carefully so that

‘theory’ and ‘experience’ can be brought closer toghether. (p. 22)

90s 00s95s 05sUniversity ADSL85s

Significant fandoms over time

90s 06 07 08 09

ADSLADSL::ItaSa::::ItaSa::

02 0504

UniversityUniversity

00s 03

Significant serial fandoms over time

Fandom grouped by subject and intertextually linked

Transmedia auteur

Chick in boot

WritersMore freak than geekfan

Online self over time

05s 08 0999s

agnesehemail

gg_akame

agnese[H:] akame

Living Living AbroadAbroad

Research on Social MediaResearch on Social Media++Working in a (ICT) officeWorking in a (ICT) office

agnesevellar

Ethographic research on fandomEthographic research on fandom

Shut up! I’m studyng!!!

I loooove Carrie Bradshaw! You are not a

fashionista.

“The relationship between spectatorship and spending may be less clear than criticist suggest. Rather than influencing women to spend more on consumers goods, such films – along with chick-lit novels- might just as likely satisfy or replace the desire to consume. […] Chick flick thus serve as relatively guiltless pleasure.”

Ferriss, S. (ed) (2008) Chick Flicks. Contemporary Women at the Movies. NY: Routledge. p.13

I wanna be a coloumnist.

I’ve grown up in a concept oriented family and I spend my teenhood reading books.

Lull, J. (1990) Inside Family Viewing. London: Routledge.

I’m currently search in the media famale role models that satisfies me more that the ones proposed by my local community.

Ferriss, S. (ed) (2008) Chick Flicks. Contemporary Women at the Movies. NY: Routledge.

4242Anderson, L (2006). Analytic Autoethnography. In Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 35(4), 373-395.

Analytical auto-ethnographyis not evocative authoethnogrphy (author saturaltion and self absosorption)

Complete member researcher (CRM) status

Dialogue with informants beyond the self

Analytic reflexivity

Commitment to theoretical

analysis

Narrative visibility to the researcher self

Egocentric network Networked collectivism

akame and the Others

Dialogue with informants beyond

the self.

“Dialogue with informants beyond the self”Anderson, L (2006). Analytic Autoethnography. In Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 35(4), 373-395.

::Italian Subs Addicted::

a community of fansubber

Italian Networked PublicEgocentric/Collective: The dicotomy is more productive visualized as a fractal distinction

Common passion Collective identity

ItasaFandom of american tv serial

generational immagined community

Networked collectivism Networked community

Hanging

Geeking

Messing

Around

Egocentric network Egocentric participation

symboliccapital

community of practice

Multi-sited participant-observation

Telefilm festivalMay 2009

FacebookGenuary 2009

TwitterMay 2009

ForumNovember 2008

Lo staff

traduzione, revisione, moderazione globale, amministrazione sito

traduzione, revisione, moderazione globale

traduzione, revisione

traduzionetraduttori in prova

resync

december 2008

Founded in december 2005 by Klonni

32 board

More than 30.000 thread

More than 1.000.000 post

più di 130.000 Utenti

***JACOB*** 10.000 3

Gregory House 6500 9999 3

Jack Bauer 5000 6499 10

Christian Troy 3500 4999 8

Hiro Nakamura 2000 3499 25

Michael Scofield 1000 1999 42

Dexter Morgan 500 999 60

Earl Hickey 200 499 174

Kyle 100 199 175

Betty Suarez 50 99 292

Meredith Grey 0 50 più di 115.000

Subtitles•Tv serial (circa 300)•movie•anime•documentary

Online DataPerformance of fan audiencehood

collective individual

::ItaSa:: Itasiani

Fan art

Online profiles

::ItaSa::Collective performance - Official Identity

Articles in magazine

National channel

Web site

Spoiler Tv

Generational passion: tv serial

Chi di noi degli anni Ottanta può dire di non aver visto alla mattina quando magari si saltava scuola i

telefilm come MacGyver, Hazzard, e poi aver visto questi telefilm

moltiplicarsi, essere sempre di più.

SpoilerTv. La3Tv. Pilot. 1x01

Studies on Italian Audiences

Disenchanted(cohort 1979-1985)

Music, New Media, Tv (serial, MTV, cartoons, quiz).

Technical competence and

interest in the new technologies.

Production and

performativity

Aroldi, P., Colombo F., (ed) (2003). Le età della tv. Indagine su quattro generazioni di spettatori italiani. Milano: Vita e Pensiero.

Scaglioni, M. (2006) Tv di culto. La serialità televisiva americana e il suo fandom. Milano: Vita e Pensiero.

Self-representation

moral dualism (fan/fanatic)

::ItaSa::

Generational passion

Spread the passion

Reinforce the italian fandom.

Irony - Reflexivity

to differentiate themself from a broad fan

audiencehood.

amateur experts

Acquire the competence to analyze and produce tertiary text.

Have more sucultural capital than the professional translator.

Amateur experts

Textual and extratextual knowledge

Require an interpretive community

Spread the passion

Community of practice

Translate the subtitles of american serial for the italian audience

Performance of humor

Ironic performance of commitment

Reflexive performance of emotional involvement

Baym, N. K. (1995). The Performance of Humor in Computer-Mediated Communication. In Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 1(2).

From online groups to a diffuse community

Online groupa commont interest

Collective identity

a common ethos

a common project

belonging

Offline local subgroupsa common place

Subgroups in ::ItaSa::Web Portal: staff

Off Topic

::ItaSa:: Family

Forum: users Performance of fan audiencehood

subgoupsemerges

Collective performance of amateur expertise

Other online and

offline sites

Differences in subgroups

Niche cultMainstream cult

ven Hanging out with fans:

Threads off-topic in ItaSa:Role Play Gama;“Good night thresas”

MSN and Facebook

Off Topic ::ItaSa:: Family

The two most actice boards on topic

Hanging out with

A tight k

community

An interpretiv

subgroup

The L Addicted

Niche media cult emerge a tight knit community

Gendered identity

Prolific personality

Creative and ironic analysis of the episodes.

Collective online viewing.

Offline meetings.

Moderator

Bunch of close friends

with a common ethos:

respect the differences;

irony.

Diadic friendship

Contextualized in a subculture

Itasiani

Fan Art (1374)

Personal profile over time

Individual performance of creativity

Mediacircui

Fan Art N° Documenti

Avatar 797

Banner e Sign 185

Usebar 185

Screencaps 41

Images 39

Wallpaper 36

Cosplaying? 32

Comics (screencap + comic) 27

Animated Gif 19

Fan Vid 6

Fan Fiction, Fan Song 5

Calendar 2

documenti pubblicati in thread e sezioni specificatamente dedicate alla condivisione di fan art. Al dicembre 2008

Presentation of self: Avatar - SignSet: avatar + sign

Sign “ordered”

Character + Name + Quotation

Creator

Presentation of self: Banner

Identification with a serial / a character

Identification with the community / definition of the role

Skins: Evocative screencaps + title

“I really like my lunch”

“I feel so lonely”

New media form

fiction & realty

visual & verbal

Cosplaying?

Amateur production in ::ItaSa::p

Presentation of self

Online profile: avatar, banner, sign.

Digital accessories: wallpaper, calendar.

Peer to peer communication

Media analysis: screencaps

Online speech: animated Gif

Self-direct

Niche media communication

Informative: subs, spoiler tv.

Creative: images, fanfic.

Italian fandom of american tv serial

generational immagined national community

Itasianicommunity of practice

Fandom of american tv serial

immagined transnational community

Self rapresentation

red in a transa

tional environm

The Starring System in italian Networked Publics

Cult celebrity

Performance of audiencehood

(Networked publics)

Rapresent themself with verbal quotation and images of actors and characters.

Performance of amateur expertise

(Community of practice)

Perform their competence and their creativity analizing complex text and producing creative work.

Audiences

(Publics)

Identify themself with characters, actors and

auteurs (directors, creators, producers).

The Glocal Village

Pop Cosmopolitanism

(diversity: a common ethos?)

transnational

immagined community

Acquire the compentence to translate the subtitle.

Audience community

Interest in foreign products and independent movies.

“Too curious to wait”.

Gatekeepers and video divide

Pop elite – community of practice

Techno elite – professional organizationCross Media Platform(english)

National PayTv(walled garden)

National TV(italian)

Commercial media sharing

(controll)

P2PNetworks

(open)

National Immagined Community

Niche (eg: Italian fandom )Community of practice

(blog, portal)

From acces to participatory divide

gendered

generational

boyd, d. (2008) Taken Out of Content. American Teen Sociality in Networked Publics. PhD dissertation. School of Information UC-Berkeley. http://www.danah.org/papers/TakenOutOfContext.pdf

New socio-technical environment requires new social skills.

New form of literacy requires new media education (whitout the lost of the traditional literacy).

Amateur

peer education

Professional

ongoing education

divide?

Peer driven learning

models

seek visibility

statusreputation

Aspire to became

Adults, administrator, …

Networked collectivism

How to became an Addicted

Egocentric networks

Media education? Dialogue with informants

beyond the self.

Biographical interviews with Itasiani to investigate the role of the fandom in the biography of youth.

Biography of productive fan

techie

Technical competence CreativeLeadershipOrganizational

PR and Tutor artist

Scaglioni, M. (2006) Tv di culto. La serialità televisiva americana e il suo fandom. Milano: Vita e Pensiero.

Convergence Culture

genders

where…

…collides.

national

generations ethic groups

languages languages

Kinds of education

Learn to learn

New media education

…learn to collide.

Foreign Languages Reflexivity

agnesevellar@gmail.com http://www.agneseh.wordpress.com

http://twitter.com/agneseh

Thank U

Sub Eng::Italian Subs Addicted::

[ http://www.italiansubs.net/ ]

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