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This is a hands-on workshop that will teach you how to build a Web application that incorporate real-time communication between the client application running on the browser and the back-end server. We will start with an overview of technologies and tools available for building real-time Web apps, what’s involved, the basics, and the gotchas. Next, we will build, in real-time, a real-time chat application using the python (Tornado) + socket.io + Backbone stack. Why not Node.js, you might ask. Simple: it’s too easy, too popular, and and not super-stable or secure. But you’re welcome to use Node.js as the backend in your own apps!
Citation preview
Building Real-‐Time Web Applica4ons
Tony Abou-‐Assaleh & Mark Dineen October 22, 2013
Volta Labs
Agenda
• What is real-‐time web • The stack • Client-‐side • Server-‐side • The Flow • Beyond the basics • Live Tutorial
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 2
Who we are
• Tony Abou-‐Assaleh – PhD in Computer Science from Dal – Cofounder and CEO, TitanFile – Ex-‐Google, VP Tech / R&D Director @ GenieKnows
– Developed the initial real-‐time components of TitanFile
– Core member of Backbone Marionette Team
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 3
Who we are
• Mark Dineen – CTO, TitanFile – Made RT in TitanFile fast and secure – Director of IT at Allianz – Compliance and security veteran – Contributor at OWASP.org
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 4
What is Real-‐Time Web?
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 5
What is Real-‐Time Web? Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 6
What is Real-‐Time Web?
• Saves to the database ≠ real-‐time Web • Periodic refresh ≠ real-‐time Web • Real-‐time computing ≠ real-‐time Web • Real-‐time streaming ≠ real-‐time Web
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 7
What is Real-‐Time Web?
A set of technologies and practices that enable users to receive information as soon as it is
published by its authors, rather than requiring that they or their software check a source
periodically for updates.
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 8
What is Real-‐Time Web?
• Dynamic user interface • Server-‐side push • Event-‐driven • Asynchronous
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 9
Applica4on of RT Web
• Chat, communication • Collaboration • Co-‐editing, co-‐browsing, co-‐shopping • Dashboards and monitoring • Gaming • Social Web • Date Streaming
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 10
The Stack
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The Stack
• Asynchronous, dynamic client • HTML5 WebSockets
• Asynchronous backend server
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 13
The Stack @ TitanFile
Client Server
Dispatcher
TornadIO2
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Client-‐Side Stack
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 15
Transport Op4ons -‐ Comet
• HTML5 WebSockets • Flash Socket • Long Polling – IFrame – Ajax – XMLHttpRequest – JSONP
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 16
Cross-‐origin resource sharing (CORS)
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 17
Polling vs. WebSockets
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 18
WebSocket Handshake
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WebSocket Op4ons
• Plain HTML5 WebSockets • SockJS
• Socket.io
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 20
HTML5 WebSockets
• Open Connection • Send message • On message event • Close connection
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 21
SockJS
• WebSocket Emulator • Follows HTML5 WebSocket API • Cross-‐domain support • Polling as fallback
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 22
Socket.IO
• Real-‐time Web App Protocol • Event-‐based communication – Connection events – Named events
• Broadcast • Cross-‐browser and platform • Server-‐side (Node.JS) and client-‐side
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 23
Server-‐Side Stack
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 24
Real-‐Time Web Servers
• Most modern languages …
• Many modern frameworks … – NodeJS – Tornado
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 25
The Flow
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More Detailed (Useful) Flow
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 29
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Pub Sub PaPern
• Decouples senders from receivers • Intermediate hub • Senders – publish messages to a channel • Receivers – subscribe to a channel
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 32
The Flow @ TitanFile
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User Action
Backbone Model Saved
ioSync Socket.io
TornadIO2 Dispatcher
Django Handler
Django Model Saved
Django post_save
Django signal handler
TorandIO2 Broadcast
ioBind Socket.io
Backbone handler
Render changes
Sender Client Server Recipient Client
Beyond the Basics
Real-‐World Challenges
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 34
Real World Challenges
• Authentication • Security • Binary Data (Files) • Blocking Code – Database, File I/O, Network
• Scalability
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 35
Authen4ca4on
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Security
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Binary Data
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Blocking Code
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Scalability
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 40
Live Tutorial
https://github.com/mdineen/chatserver
Copyright (c) 2013 TitanFile Inc. 41
Tony Abou-‐Assaleh & Mark Dineen https://www.titanFile.com {taa,mark}@titanFile.com
Twitter: @tony_aa, @DineenMa
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