Changes to Part L and heavyweight buildings

Changes to Part L and the implications

for heavyweight buildings

Tom De Saulles

The Concrete Centre

Specifying Low Carbon Buildings

Southbank Centre

7 October 2010

1970 2002 2006 2010 2013 2016

Heat loss from

an average UK home

1970 2002 2006 2010 2013 2016

Heat loss from

an average UK home

BRE Innovation Park

Brookwood farm, Woking

September 2010.

Code level 5, ICF construction.

(William Lacey Group)

Currently being updated

for Part L 2010, 2013

& 2016.

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

6. Weather comp. + WWHR + FGHRS + PV (2 kWp)

5. Weather comp. + WWHR + FGHRS + PV (1kWp)

4. Weather comp. + WWHR + FGHRS

3. Weather comp. + WWHR

2. Weather comp.

1. No additional features

2010 (25%) 2013 (44%) 2016 (70%)

Basic fabric spec.Walls: 0.25, floor: 0.18, roof: 0.13

windows: 1.5, air permeability: 5.0

Y-value: 0.08

% improvement over Part L 2006

Meeting 2010, 2013

targets for Part L1(detached house)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. Weather comp.

Basic fabric spec.

Enhanced fabric spec.

2010 (25%) 2013 (44%) 2016 (70%)

Walls: 0.25, floor: 0.18, roof: 0.13

Y-value: 0.08

Walls reduced to 0.2

Y-value reduced to 0.05

Meeting 2010, 2013

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. Weather comp.

Basic fabric spec.

Govt. fabric energy efficiency spec.

2010 (25%) 2013 (44%) 2016 (70%)

Walls: 0.25, floor: 0.18, roof: 0.13

Y-value: 0.08

Walls reduced to 0.2

Y-value reduced to 0.05

Walls: 0.18, windows: 1.4, floor: 0.18

roof: 0.13 air permeability: 3.0, Y-value: 0.05.

Meeting 2010, 2013

Flue gas heat recovery

(about £600 for smaller dwellings)

• Zenex Gas Saver

• Ravenheat Energy Catcher

• Alpha Flowsmart

Waste water heat recovery

(from about £200)

• Recoh-vert

• Recoh-tray

• Enviroharvest

• Warmit (AK Industries),

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. Weather comp.

Basic fabric spec.

+ Waste water heat recovery

2010 (25%) 2013 (44%) 2016 (70%)

Meeting 2010, 2013

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. Weather comp.

Basic fabric spec.

+ Waste water heat recovery

+ Flue gas heat recovery2010 (25%) 2013 (44%) 2016 (70%)

Meeting 2010, 2013 & 2016

Weather comp. = weather compensator

WWHR = waste water heat recovery

FGHR = Flue gas heat recovery

■ Basic fabric spec. ■ Enhanced fabric spec.

■ 2016 zero carbon fabric spec. ■ Enhanced 2016 zero carbon fabric spec.

Part L: 2010 (25%) 2013 (44%) 2016 (70%?)

Flat, mid-storey (50m

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. Weather comp.

End terrace, 2-storey (61 m

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. Weather comp.

Mid terrace, 2-storey (61m

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. Weather comp.

End terrace,

3-storey (125m2)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

3. Weather comp. + 100mm cylinder insulation + WWHR

2. Weather comp. + 100mm cylinder insulation

Mid terrace,

3-storey (125m2)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. weather compensator + 100mm cylinder insulation

Detached,

2-storey (127m2)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2. weather comp. + 100mm cylinder insulation

% reduction in CO2 emission over Part L1A 2006

Main findings

Part L1 2010 compliance:

• U-value for external walls, around 0.2 – 0.25 W/m2K

• Air permeability, around 5 m3/(h.m2)

• Renewables are not necessary, but enhancements to services are.

Main findings

• Renewables can still be avoided, but a much higher level of fabric performance is needed.

• Alternatively, could use 2010 fabric performance and about 1 kW of PV.

Main findings

• Renewables can still be avoided, but a much higher level of fabric performance is needed.

• Alternatively, could use 2010 fabric performance and about 1 kW of PV.

• Need to meet or exceed the Govt. fabric energy efficiency standard. 2 - 3 kW of PV also needed.

This is the thermal capacity of the first

100mm, or up to the first insulating

layer, if this occurs first.

Measured by the ‘K-value’ (KJ/m2/K)

Introduction of thermal mass into Part L1

Sandwich panel,Up to 230 kJ/m2K

Solid masonry,Up to 190 kJ/m2K

Woodcrete block,Up to 145 kJ/m2K

Brick & block,Up to 190 kJ/m2K

Hemcrete block,Up to 135 kJ/m2K

Insulating clay block,Up to 65 kJ/m2K

Frame construction 2 x plasterboard,Up to 18 kJ/m2K

Frame construction1 x plasterboard,Up to 9 kJ/m2K

Block partition,Up to 100 kJ/m2K

Stud partition,Up to 9 kJ/m2K

How much thermal mass

do floors and walls have?

Hollow coreupper floor, up to 120/160 kJ/m2K

Beam & blockupper floor, up to120/40 kJ/m2K

Timber upper floor, up to 9/18 kJ/m2K

Insitu-concreteground floor,up to 140 kJ/m2K

Beam & blockground floor,up to 110 kJ/m2K

Timber ground floor,up to 20 kJ/m2K

Arup/Concrete Centre thermal properties tool

Sun at midday17º - 40º

Heating season: daytime

Heating season: night-time

EXAMPLE:

Highly insulated, airtight semi-detached house with efficient heating and controls.

What difference can thermal mass

make in SAP 2009?

RESULT:

• Moving from low to high thermal mass reduces emissions by about 3-4%

• This is roughly the same as changing the external wall U-value from 0.2 to 0.15

New full fill insulation system

Achieves a U-value of 0.17 - 0.18 with a 100mm cavity

Summertime performance / overheating

• The Zero Carbon Hub is calling for

an improved overheating check that

must be passed by all new homes.

Summertime performance / overheating

• The Zero Carbon Hub is calling for

an improved overheating check that

must be passed by all new homes.

• The check should take account of

future climate change.

• It should also take proper account of

night cooling and thermal mass.

Free passive design tool (currently under development)

Part L2 (2010)

New drivers for passive cooling

• 25% reduction in emissions required by Part L2

Part L2 (2010)

• 23% increase in the assumed CO2 emissions from electricity (Part L1 and L2)

Part L2 (2010)

• New limits for solar gain in Part L2

Part L2 (2010)

• 25 - 60% increase in the cost of electricity expected by 2016 (Ofgem)

Part L2 (2010)

• 25 - 60% increase in the cost of electricity expected by 2016 (Ofgem)

• Possible relaxation of peak internal temperature in

BCO specification (from 22°C to 25°C)

Flat slab with natural ventilation Coffered slab & underfloor ventilation

Hollowcore slab (Termodeck®) Water-cooled slab

Manchester University

Business School

Completion: 2011

Architect: Feilden Clegg Bradley

Precast, lattice girder floors with integral water cooling pipes.

Woodland Trust HQ, Lincolnshire

Completion: Autumn 2010

Architect: Feilden Clegg Bradley

Key messages:

• Compliance with Part L1 in 2010, 2013 & 2016 does not present any

particular issues for masonry/concrete housing.

Key messages:

• Heat recovery systems can help with 2010 and 2013 compliance and

avoid the need for costly renewables.

Key messages:

• SAP now includes thermal mass, and shows a year-round round benefit

in highly insulated and airtight heavyweight dwellings.

Key messages:

• The dwelling overheating check in SAP is likely to be revisited.

Key messages:

• The dwelling overheating check in SAP is likely to be revisited.

• There is likely to be a move from air-conditioning to passive cooling

solutions in many new, non-domestic buildings.

Thank you

tdesaulles@concretecentre.com

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